scholarly journals The Antidepressant Effects of (Arcangelisia flava (l.) Merr) Water-Soluble Extract in Balb-C Mice Reviewed from Immobility Time by Forced

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiara A ◽  
Arief R H ◽  
Sudarsono Sudarsono
Keyword(s):  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
White Male ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

<p class="Normal1">This study was conducted to examine / determine the antidepressant effects of (<em>Arcangelisiaflava</em> L.) on immobility time of the white male mice strain Balb-c by the forced swim test method. The method of research using laboratory animals such as 25 micewas divided into 5 groups. As a negative control group was only given distilled water ad libitum. Amitryptiline was used as the positive control group; the experiment group was a water-soluble extract of A.flava by  multiple doses. The results showed that the best antidepressant effects were312 mg/kgBW ; it had a minimum of immobility time compared with the other groups.</p>

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Anti Scorpion Venom potential of Paravatadi Agada of Ayurveda in Indian Red Scorpion Venom (Mesobuthus tamulus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-465
Author(s):  
Sunil Deshmukh ◽  
Sonali Chalakh ◽  
Dhirajsing Rajput
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Scorpion Venom ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Frequent Event ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

Background: Scorpion sting is a frequent event in tropical and subtropical countries. The objective of this study is to evaluate Efficacy of Paravatadi Agada on Indian Red Scorpion Venom (Mesobuthus Tamulus). Materials and Methods: PA was prepared as per textual reference. Water soluble extract of PA was obtained using Soxhlet apparatus. Swiss albino mice of 20-30gm were used. Lypholised venom sample of Mesobuthus tamales and Lyophilized monovalent enzymerefined immunoglobuline anti scorpion venom serum (ASV) was used.  Using lethal dose of scorpion venom (25.12 μg/g), venom neutralising property of PA extract (300mg/kg), ASV(1mg) intra-peritoneally  and PA(31mg/mice) orally. The parameter used were Mean survival time, protection fold and percentage survival of animals over the period of 24 hrs. Histopathological examinations of all mice were done. Result: Maximum protection fold is seen in ASV treated group which is 10.03 with 83.33 % survival but water soluble extract of PA also showed some protective effect against scorpion venom 7.68 with 50 % survival rate. Histopathological examination showed that PA extract, ASV and PA treated group showed less effect of scorpion venom on Heart, Liver and Kidney compared to control group in which sever histopathological manifestations are detected. Conclusion : The protection fold and survival percentage of extract of PA was  better than Powder form of PA but less than ASV but  enough significant in view of availability, safety, ease in method of preparation and cost effectiveness compared to ASV.

scholarly journals Larvicidal Activity of A Mixture of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid and Water-Soluble Extract of Soap Nut Fruit (Sapindus rarak DC.) Against 3rd Instar Larvae of Aedes aegypti

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glory Resia Raraswati ◽  
Sudarsono Sudarsono ◽  
Budi Mulyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Water Soluble Extract ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

<p>Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) which has been known as a waste of processing cashew fruits which is contain phenolic compounds have activity as larvicides. Cashew nut shell liquid is not soluble in the water where the larvae grow. Cashew nut shell liquid mixed with water-soluble extract of soapnut fruit which serves as a natural surfactant that can emulsify oil in water. The test subjects were larvae of <em>Aedes aegypti </em>third instar. Test subjects were divided into treatment group and control group. In the treatment group, test subjects were  the mixture of CNSL and Ethylacetat Soluble Extract (ESE) in tap water. The Larvae mortality observations were done 24 hours after the treatment. LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90 </sub>as final test data were analyzed using probit analysis. Extract constituents   of CNSL and Water Soluble Extract of SoapNut fruit (WSEoSN) were  investigated using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The effect of CNSL as larvicides against third instar larvae of <em>Ae. aegypti </em>with were LC<sub>50</sub> of 14,12 ppm, while the LC<sub>90</sub> of 24,85 ppm.</p>

scholarly journals Anxiolytic and antidepressant effect of zinc on rats and its impact on general behavioural parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janko Samardzic ◽  
Kristina Savic ◽  
Nemanja Stefanovic ◽  
Radomir Matunovic ◽  
Dragana Baltezarevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Significant Difference

Background/Aim. Zinc is an essential element which has considerable interaction with gamma-aminobutyric acid A type receptors (GABAA) and glutamate receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). It is believed that zinc acts as a potent inhibitor of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, and binding to structurally specific site on the GABAA receptor leads to inhibition of GABA dependent Cl-pass. The aim of our research was to test the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of zinc after single application and its influence on general behavioural parameters after repeated administration. Methods. Male Wistar rats were treated with increasing doses of zinc histidine dehydrate (10, 20, 30 mg/kg, i.p.). To determine anxiolytic and antidepressant properties of zinc two models were used: elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swim test (FST). Behavioural parameters (stillness and mobility) were, also, recorded after single and repeated administration of active substance. Results. Testing animals in the EPM showed a statistically significant difference as follows: dose of 20 mg/kg significantly increased the time animals spent in open arms, indicating an acute anxiolytic effect, while doses of 30 mg/kg significantly reduced the time in the open arms, indicating a potentially anxiogenic effect. Testing the animals by FST showed a statistically significant difference in immobility time of animals treated with the lowest applied (10 mg/kg) and highest applied (30 mg/kg) doses of zinc, compared to the control group. The first day of testing behavioral parameters showed the tendency to increase locomotor activity of the animals with the lowest dose of zinc (10 mg/kg), while the following day revealed a reduced activity with the highest dose applied (30 mg/kg). Conclusion. Zinc has important effects on the CNS: After single application, in all doses zinc showed antidepressant effects. The effects of zinc on anxiety and locomotor activity showed dose-dependent bidirectional effects.

scholarly journals Assessment of oral hypoglycaemic activity of water soluble extract of aloe vera and its interaction with glipizide in alloxan induced diabetic Wistar Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1917
Author(s):  
Vikalp Tiwari ◽  
Gopal Gudsurkar
Keyword(s):  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Hypoglycaemic Activity ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

Background: Assessment of oral hypoglycaemic activity of water soluble extract of Aloe vera and its interaction with Glipizide in Alloxan induced diabetic Wistar rats.Methods: Under standard condition of testing, alloxan induced diabetic rats were kept in fasting state of 8 hours and then glucose in dose of 1gm/kg was given PO by feeding tube. There after water soluble extract of aloe vera in dose of 200mg/kg BW dissolves in 1ml of Distilled water (DW) to test group 1, Glipizide in dose of 2.5mg/kg BW dissolved in 1ml DW was given to standard group. Test group 2 received combination of Aloe vera 200mg/kg BW and Glipizide in dose of 2.5mg/kg BW dissolved in 1ml Dw. Control group received 1ml of Distilled water. Blood sugars levels of all Rats in each group were checked with Glucometer.Results: Clinically and statistically significant glucose lowering effect was observed in groups administered with Aloe vera and better results were observed in group receiving Aloe vera and Glipizide combination.Conclusions: Water soluble extract of aloe vera has significant hypoglycaemic activity and the results showed that co-administration of Aloe vera and Glipizide has superior hypoglycaemic activity compared to Aloe vera and Glipizide given Individually.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric assessment of effect of aqueous extract of Aloe vera on rabbit erythrocytes in varying concentrations of saline

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Vikalp Tiwari ◽  
Ashutosh Tiwari ◽  
Pooja Solanki Mishra ◽  
Vatsala Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

Background: Hemolytic disorders are one of the prime reasons for frequent blood transfusions which involves lots of costs and sufferings to the patient. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of water soluble extract of Aloe vera on rabbit erythrocytes in varying concentrations of NaCl from 0.9% (isotonic) to 0.15% (hypotonic).Methods: Aqueous extract of Aloe vera (AVE) 200mg/kg was orally administered to rabbits in the test group while control group was given 1ml of distilled water (DW). Blood was withdrawn from rabbits, centrifuged and suspension in 1ml of normal saline was made. 20 microliter of red blood cells suspension from both control and test groups was added to normal saline of varying concentrations from 0.9% to 0.15% NaCl which were quantitatively analysed for hemolysis by UV spectrophotometer. Data was analysed by unpaired t test and P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The difference in percentage of hemolysis in both test and control groups was not statistically significant. Therefore, acute administration of water soluble extract of Aloe vera (200mg/kg) did not have protective effect on rabbit erythrocytes against hypotonic solution of normal saline.Conclusions: Aloe vera might be useful for the treatment of oxidative stress-related human disorders by virtue of its antioxidant activity and may have a role in prevention of hemolysis which needs to be explored by further studies.

Prebiotic frozen dessert processed with water‐soluble extract of rice byproduct: Vegan and nonvegan consumers perception using preferred attribute elicitation methodology and acceptance

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-530
Author(s):  
Jiuliane Martins da Silva ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Barão ◽  
Erick Almeida Esmerino ◽  
Adriano Gomes Cruz ◽  
Tatiana Colombo Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Frozen Dessert ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

Activation of Selective Transcription Factors and Cytokines by Water-Soluble Extract from Lentinus lepideus

2003 ◽  
Vol 228 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirim Jin ◽  
Hyung Jin Jung ◽  
Jeong June Choi ◽  
Hyang Jeon ◽  
Jin Hwan Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Transient Transfection Assay ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

We isolated a water-soluble extract, PG101, from cultured mycelia of Lentinus lepideus. Treatment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with PG101 increased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-12 by 100- to 1000-fold, whereas GM-CSF and IL-18 were activated by an order of magnitude. On the contrary, IFN-γ and IL-4 were not affected. The response to PG101 occurred in a dose- and time-dependent manner. From the human PBMCs treated with PG101, TNF-α was a first cytokine to be activated, detectable at 2 hr post-treatment followed by IL-1β at 6 hr post-treatment. IL-12 and IL-10 were the next to follow. GM-CSF and IL-18 both showed significant increases 24 hr after treatment. When PBMCs were sorted into various cell types, monocyte/macrophages, but not T and B cells, were the major target cell type responsive to PG101. Consistent with this result, the profile of cytokine expression upon PG101 treatment was comparable between PBMCs and a human promonocytic cell line (U937), whereas cell lines of T cell and myeloid origins did not respond to PG101. Data from a transient transfection assay involving specific reporter plasmids indicated that cellular transcription factor such as NF-κB, but not AP-1, was highly activated by PG101. Results from a gel retardation assay and the experiment involving a specific NF-κB inhibitor confirmed the involvement of NF-κB. Despite its significant biological effect on various cytokines, PG101 remained nontoxic in both rats and PBMCs even at a biological concentration approximately 20 times greater. PG101 demonstrates great potential as a therapeutic immune modulator.

The Effect of Fluoxetine and Ibuprofen on BCG-Induced Alteration in Pain Sensitivity in Mice

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba H El-Morsy ◽  
Wesam El-Bakly ◽  
Amany H Hasanin ◽  
May Hamza ◽  
M Abdel-Bary
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Mechanical Allodynia ◽  
Formalin Test ◽  
Forced Swim Test ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Immobility Time ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Incisional Pain

Abstract Clinical observations recognized the co-existence and interactions of pain and depression a long time, ago. The aim of this work was to study the effect of ibuprofen and fluoxetine on BCGinduced depressive-like behaviour, on formalin-induced pain, as well as on mechanical allodynia after planter incision in mice. BCG induced a depressive behaviour that was seen in the forced swim test (FST) and the tail suspension test (TST). It also induced a decrease in pain-related behaviour in the formalin test, and an increase in the baseline in mechanical allodynia test compared to the control group. Fluoxetine (80 mg/L of drinking water) showed a significant decrease in the immobility time in the FST and TST and enhanced pain related behaviour in formalin test in the BCG-inoculated group. However, it did not affect the increase in the pain threshold in the planter incision allodynia model. Adding ibuprofen to drinking water (0.2 g/L of drinking water), reversed the depressive like behaviour induced by BCG and enhanced pain-related behaviour in formalin test, in both the total pain-related behaviour and phase 2. It also prevented the increase in the base line induced by BCG. On the other hand, the incisional pain model was not affected by BCG inoculation except at the 2-hour time point, where it showed hypoalgesia, as well.

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