scholarly journals The state of cellular immunity in children with recurrent respiratory diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
O Povorova
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helpers

In children with recurrent respiratory diseases, deviations from the norm of various parameters of the immunity system were determined in more than 85% of cases. The most part of children with indicators outside the range of reference values of the subpopulations of lymphocytes is determined at the age of 3-6 years. In children, a decrease in B lymphocytes (CD19+), as well as T-cytotoxic lymphocytes (СD3+СD8+), is accompanied by an increase in T cells (CD3+) and T helper cells (CD3+CD4+). The most frequent variants of combined disorders of the parameters of the cellular link of immunity were determined: a decrease in B-lymphocytes and an increase in T-cells and T-helpers - in 40.2% (206 out of 512 children); a decrease in B-lymphocytes and a decrease in T-cytotoxic ones - in 42% (215 of 512). Similar correlations between cellular immunity indicators in frequently ill children of Mogilev and Minsk regions were determined: positive Spearman correlation coefficients between CD3/CD4 and CD3/CD8 T- cells, negative-between CD4/CD8 T- cells. The proportion of children with indices of T- and B-lymphocyte subpopulations within the normal range is higher in children of the Minsk region compared with children in the Mogilev region for all the studied subpopulations of lymphocytes (P<0.05). There were no differences in the leukocyte-T-lymphocyte index between the two groups of children.

scholarly journals Cellular immunity of rabbits incase of parasite association (Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (96) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Y. V. Duda
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
T Helpers ◽  
Experimental Group

Despite a huge number of studies, the uniqueness of antiparasitic immunity is so great that there is still insufficient knowledge of the factors contributing to the manifestation of the characteristics of immunity in mixed parasitic diseases of rabbits. Therefore, the question of the influence of the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. on indicators of cellular immunity of rabbits is relevant. The study was conducted on 59 male rabbits age 3–5 months of the Californian breed, selected by analogy. Animal were separated into two groups: healthy animals (control group) and sick animals (research group). Intensity of invasion was determined by the method of the Mac-Master. It has been established that the level of damage of rabbits by spirochetosis and eimeriosis was, on average, 1155.17 ± 184.87 and 6668.97 ± 284.16 pathogens in 1 g of feces. The count of T- and B-lymphocytes was determined by the method of spontaneous rosette-formation with sheep erythrocytes. Parasitizing the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. was revealed a high number of leukocytes (1.22 times, P < 0.001), which increased mainly due to lymphocytes, which were 1.45 times higher (P < 0.001), as well as neutrophilic metamyelocytes – 1.48 times (P < 0.05), eosinophils – 1.68 times (P < 0.001) and basophils – 1.57 times (P < 0.001) compared with similar blood parameters of healthy animals. In the blood of sick rabbits, the absolute number of T-lymphocytes (1.56 times, P < 0.001) and B-lymphocytes (3.02 times, P < 0.001) was significantly higher in comparison with a low number of O-lymphocytes (3.46 times, P < 0.001) compared with the control. This indicates the redistribution of lymphocytes to cells that carry T and B lymphocyte receptors on the plasma membrane. The absolute number of T-lymphocytes became high due to T-helpers, which in these animals were higher both in absolute (1.87 times, P < 0.001) and percentage (by 9.18%, P < 0.001) compared to control. Moreover, the percentage of T-suppressors in the blood of rabbits of the experimental group was significantly lower on 5.46% (P < 0.05) compared with the same blood count of healthy animals. Such a redistribution of the T-cell population in the peripheral blood of this group of rabbits led to an increase in the immunoregulatory index by 1.64 times (P < 0.01) than in healthy ones. High IRI and the number of T-active lymphocytes (by 28.23%, P < 0.05) in the blood of rabbits with parasitism of the association of pathogens Treponema cuniculi and Eimeria sp. indicate increased immune system tension.

scholarly journals Correction of cellular immunity with biferon-C in piglets in case of specific prevention of circovirosis and mycoplasmosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 02056
Author(s):  
Aleksey Shakhov ◽  
Sergey Shabunin ◽  
Mariya Zheynes
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
T Suppressors ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
Helper Activity ◽  
T Helpers

The results of studying the effect of biferon-C containing recombinant porcine interferons -alpha and -gamma on cellular nonspecific and adaptive immunity in piglets in case of specific prevention of circovirosis and mycoplasmosis are presented. The corrective effect of the drug on cellular immunity was stated, manifested by an increase in the absorption and functional and metabolic activity of phagocytes, the relative and absolute number of T- and B-lymphocytes, T-cells with helper activity and a lower formation of the level of T-suppressors, an increase in the T-helpers/T-suppressors ratio.

scholarly journals Double Positive CD4+CD8+ T Cells Are Enriched in Urological Cancers and Favor T Helper-2 Polarization

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perrine Bohner ◽  
Mathieu F. Chevalier ◽  
Valérie Cesson ◽  
Sonia-Christina Rodrigues-Dias ◽  
Florence Dartiguenave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
T Helper 2 ◽  
Urological Cancers

IMMU-49. DYNAMIC CHANGES AND PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS IN INTRACRANIAL GERM CELL TUMORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi103-vi104
Author(s):  
Hairong Wang ◽  
Cheng-Cheng Guo ◽  
Hongyu Chen ◽  
Yang Qun-ying ◽  
Zhong-ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors

Abstract OBJECTIVE This study was designed to retrospectively analyze the dynamic changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and prognosis among patients with intracranial germ cell tumors. METHODS A total of 150 intracranial germ cell tumors patients diagnosed between June 2011 till November 2019 were retrospectively investigated. Peripheral blood total T lymphocytes (CD3+) percentage, T helper/inducible lymphocytes(CD3+CD4+)percentage, T inhibitory/toxic lymphocytes (CD3+CD8+) percentage, B lymphocyte (CD19+) percentage, NK lymphocyte (CD3/CD16+CD56+) percentage, regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+,CD8+CD25+), and T helper/toxic lymphocyte ratio (CD4+/CD8+ ratio) were quantified by flow cytometry analysis. Clinical information was extracted from the database in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and survival data was confirmed through outpatient visits and telephone follow-up. RESULTS T lymphocytes population was increased after anti-tumor treatment, with significant difference of total T lymphocytes (CD3+), inhibitory/toxic T cells (CD3+CD8+) and regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+ and CD8+CD25+), (p=0.008, p=0.000, p=0.008 and p=0.001 respectively), while B lymphocytes(CD19+) decreased after chemotherapy(p=0.003). The dynamic levels of T lymphocyte and B lymphocyte subpopulation after chemotherapy did not present significant differences between gender, age, and locations of tumors (p &gt;0.05), except CD4+CD25+ T cells in younger children (age&lt; 16 years older) increased significantly than the elder (age &gt;16), p=0.04. Patients with increased CD19+ B cells presented significant suboptimal outcomes compared with the no increased (p=0.024). Similarly, increased CD3+ T cells, CD3+CD8+ T cells, CD4+CD25+ T cells reduced the risk of death (p=0.006, p=0.019, p=0.042 respectively). Multivariate Cox Regression analysis showed: increased CD19+ B cells, p=0.04, HR=1.688, 95%CI=1.025-2.779. CONCLUSION After anti-tumor treatment, cell-mediated immunity activated, enhanced, and dominated in anti-tumor response. An increased level of CD19+ subsets was an independent predictor for inferior overall survival. Systemic circulating T cells immunity played an important role and mediating antitumor responses may pave the road for new immunity strategies.

scholarly journals Immunostimulation During and After R-CHOP Therapy for B-Cell Lymphoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Tumor Immunity ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Chop Therapy

Backgrounds: Many studies show an immune imbalance in the tumor environment; some reports show that the T helper 1 (Th1)/ T helper 2 (Th2) ratio, the number of regulatory T-cells (Treg cells) or CD8+T-cells, and the CD8+Tcell/Treg cell ratio are associated with tumor suppression and expansion. Additionally, chemotherapy was reported to affect the immunity of patients with malignancy. Patients and Methods: Using flow cytometry we measured peripheral blood lymphocytes including non T-cells, as well as T-cell subsets such as CD3+T-cells, CD4+T-cells, CD8+T-cells, Treg cells, Th1 cells and Th2 cells before treatment, at the fourth cycle, and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment in 21 patients with B-cell lymphoma receiving R-CHOP therapy. We also analyzed the changes in three immune indexes that reflect anti-tumor immunity (the CD4/CD8 ratio, the CD8/Treg ratio and the Th1/Th2 ratio). Results: Compared to pre-treatment there were significant decreases in the CD4/CD8 ratio between 1 month and 12 months after treatment (p<0.001, for all time points). The CD8/Treg ratio gradually increased with treatment with significant increases observed at 6 months (p=0.009) and 12 months after treatment (p=0.002). The Th1/ Th2 ratio showed a significant increase only before 4 cycles of therapy (p=0.007). Conclusion: Based on the changes in these three immune indexes, we propose that anti-tumor immunity improved after R-CHOP therapy, which enhanced the efficacy of R-CHOP therapy for lymphoma as well as its direct cytotoxic activity

scholarly journals CD4 T cell-intrinsic role for the T helper 17 signature cytokine IL-17: Effector resistance to immune suppression

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (32) ◽  
pp. 19408-19414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Crawford ◽  
Sushmita Sinha ◽  
Pranav S. Renavikar ◽  
Nicholas Borcherding ◽  
Nitin J. Karandikar
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Immune Suppression ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Immune Resistance ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Untoward effector CD4+ T cell responses are kept in check by immune regulatory mechanisms mediated by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. CD4+ T helper 17 (Th17) cells, characterized by IL-17 production, play important roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases (such as arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, among others) and in the host response to infection and cancer. Here, we demonstrate that human CD4+ T cells cells exposed to a Th17-differentiating milieu are significantly more resistant to immune suppression by CD8+ T cells compared to control Th0 cells. This resistance is mediated, in part, through the action of IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-17AF heterodimer through their receptors (IL-17RA and IL-17RC) on CD4+ T cells themselves, but not through their action on CD8+ T cells or APC. We further show that IL-17 can directly act on non-Th17 effector CD4+ T cells to induce suppressive resistance, and this resistance can be reversed by blockade of IL-1β, IL-6, or STAT3. These studies reveal a role for IL-17 cytokines in mediating CD4-intrinsic immune resistance. The pathways induced in this process may serve as a critical target for future investigation and immunotherapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Regulatory B1a Cells Suppress Melanoma Tumor Immunity via IL-10 Production and Inhibiting T Helper Type 1 Cytokine Production in Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (7) ◽  
pp. 1535-1544.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadahiro Kobayashi ◽  
Kyosuke Oishi ◽  
Ai Okamura ◽  
Shintaro Maeda ◽  
Akito Komuro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Tumor Immunity ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Melanoma Tumor ◽  
B1a Cells ◽  
Type 1 Cytokine ◽  
Helper Type

CD8 T cells induce T-bet–dependent migration toward CXCR3 ligands by differentiated B cells produced during responses to alum-protein vaccines

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (23) ◽  
pp. 4552-4559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Serre ◽  
Adam F. Cunningham ◽  
Ruth E. Coughlan ◽  
Andreia C. Lino ◽  
Antal Rot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 2 ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Cxcr3 Expression ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Draining Lymph Nodes

Abstract Antibody-forming cells (AFCs) expressing the chemokine receptor CXCR3 are recruited to sites of inflammation where they help clear pathogens but may participate in autoimmune diseases. Here we identify a mechanism that induces CXCR3 expression by AFC and germinal center (GC) B cells. This happens when CD8 T cells are recruited into CD4 T cell–dependent B-cell responses. Ovalbumin-specific CD4 T cells (OTII) were transferred alone or with ovalbumin-specific CD8 T cells (OTI) and the response to subcutaneous alum-precipitated ovalbumin was followed in the draining lymph nodes. OTII cells alone induce T helper 2-associated class switching to IgG1, but few AFC or GC B cells express CXCR3. By contrast, OTI-derived IFN-γ induces most responding GC B cells and AFCs to express high levels of CXCR3, and diverse switching to IgG2a, IgG2b, with some IgG1. Up-regulation of CXCR3 by GC B cells and AFCs and their migration toward its ligand CXCL10 are shown to depend on B cells' intrinsic T-bet, a transcription factor downstream of the IFN-γR signaling. This model clarifies how precursors of long-lived AFCs and memory B cells acquire CXCR3 that causes their migration to inflammatory foci.

scholarly journals Interleukin 2 induction of pore-forming protein gene expression in human peripheral blood CD8+ T cells.

1990 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 1269-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Smyth ◽  
J R Ortaldo ◽  
Y Shinkai ◽  
H Yagita ◽  
M Nakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential

Our studies have analyzed pore-forming protein (PFP) mRNA expression in resting and stimulated human peripheral blood CD3- large granular lymphocytes (LGL), CD3+ T cells, and their CD4+ or CD8+ subsets. Signals that stimulate T cells to develop cytotoxic activity (i.e., IL-2 or OKT-3 mAb) led to the induction of PFP mRNA in T cells. The data indicated that IL-2 directly increased PFP mRNA in the CD8+ subset of T cells, in the absence of new DNA or protein synthesis. Abrogation of IL-2-induced PFP mRNA expression and cytotoxic potential of T cells by the anti-p75 IL-2 receptor mAb suggested that low numbers of p75 IL-2 receptors on CD8+ T cells were capable of transducing signals responsible for these IL-2-induced effects. The induction of T cell PFP mRNA via CD3, using OKT-3 mAb, was less rapid but greater than that caused by IL-2; however, a combination of PMA and ionomycin, which bypasses crosslinking of the TCR/CD3 complex, could not mimic this increase in PFP mRNA levels in T cells. The role of second messenger systems in regulating PFP mRNA expression remains to be determined. In contrast, high constitutive PFP mRNA expression was observed in CD3- LGL and these mRNA levels could not be enhanced by stimulation with IL-2. The cytotoxic potential of peripheral blood T cells and LGL induced in response to IL-2 correlated with IL-2-induced PFP mRNA levels in these cells and was consistent with PFP being one of several important molecules involved in the effector function of cytotoxic lymphocytes.

Perforin expression in cytotoxic lymphocytes from patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and their family members

Blood ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Kogawa ◽  
Susan M. Lee ◽  
Joyce Villanueva ◽  
Daniel Marmer ◽  
Janos Sumegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis ◽  
Family Members ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Cytotoxic Cells ◽  
Perforin Expression

Mutations in the perforin gene have been described in some patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), but the role of perforin defects in the pathogenesis of HLH remains unclear. Four-color flow cytometric analysis was used to establish normal patterns of perforin expression for control subjects of all ages, and patterns of perforin staining in cytotoxic lymphocytes (natural killer [NK] cells, CD8+ T cells, CD56+ T cells) from patients with HLH and their family members were studied. Eleven unrelated HLH patients and 19 family members were analyzed prospectively. Four of the 7 patients with primary HLH showed lack of intracellular perforin in all cytotoxic cell types. All 4 patients showed mutations in the perforin gene. Their parents, obligate carriers of perforin mutations, had abnormal perforin-staining patterns. Analysis of cytotoxic cells from the other 3 patients with primary HLH and remaining family members had normal percentages of perforin-positive cytotoxic cells. On the other hand, the 4 patients with Epstein-Barr virus–associated HLH typically had depressed numbers of NK cells but markedly increased proportions of CD8+ T cells with perforin expression. Four-color flow cytometry provides diagnostic information that, in conjunction with evidence of reduced NK function, may speed the identification of life-threatening HLH in some families and direct further genetic studies of the syndrome.

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