MODERNIZATION OF THE PHYSICAL PROTECTION STRUCTURE OF CRITICALLY IMPORTANT INFORMATIZATION OBJECTS BASED ON THE SELECTION OF EFFECTIVE DECISIONS

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
V. N. Kostin
Keyword(s):  
Response Function ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Maximum Function ◽  
Physical Protection ◽  
Physical Defense ◽  
Critical Object ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Rational Version ◽  
Maximum Increment ◽  
The Cost

The article deals with the modernization of the structure of physical protection by choosing effective solutions. A feature of the solution of the problem is the use of Markov circuits to model the functioning of physical protection and experiment theory in order to obtain an efficiency function to determine the rational version of modernization of the physical protection structure. Each perpetrator 's path and physical defense response to penetration was modeled by two information-linked Markov chains. The first chain is the intruder penetration path, the second chain is the physical protection response to penetration. An indicator of the effectiveness of physical protection is the probability of finding the information of a critical object in a safe state (probability of fulfilling the functional purpose of physical protection). A general assessment of the security of information was made based on the most pessimistic result of the physical protection response to the intruder 's penetration. An active factor experiment was conducted on the Markov model of physical protection functioning. The factors of the experiment are structural changes in engineering equipment for physical protection, aimed at improving the efficiency of information protection. According to the results of the factor experiment on the Markovsky model, the response function was obtained - the increment of the efficiency of physical protection to the cost of modernization costs. Based on the analysis of the obtained response function to achieve the maximum increment of the efficiency/cost function, the center of the experiment plan shifted towards the maximum function factor by an amount providing predetermined physical protection efficiency requirements. Thus, a mathematically sound way of structural modernization of physical protection is proposed, as well as parameters of structural modernization ensuring the required efficiency.

India–Myanmar Relations

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-99
Author(s):  
Gaurav Kumar Jha ◽  
Amrita Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
World Order ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Market Interdependence

Despite long historical ties, post-colonial relations between India and Myanmar have fluctuated between magnanimity and mistrust. While India often stood for high moral grounds and promotion of democracy, it did so at the cost of losing Myanmar to China. This affected both India and Myanmar adversely: while New Delhi’s economic, energy and security interests were hurt, isolated Yangon became more China-dependent. However, since the early 1990s, domestic developments in Myanmar and post-Cold War structural changes in the world order necessitated conditions for cooperation and mutual gains. It appears that blatant domestic suppression in, and international seclusion of, Myanmar is not desirable. Having witnessed two eras of magnanimity and mistrust, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh’s visit to Myanmar in 2012 heralds a prospective era of market interdependence while opening Pandora’s box: can India get a better share of Myanmar’s commercial possibilities without compromising its core interests in promoting democracy, development and diaspora protection?

scholarly journals Efficiency the Utilization of Folow up Palm Plants foor Increasing Production Beef Cattle in District Pasaman Barat

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Rahmi Wahyuni ◽  
R.A. Dewi ◽  
Harmaini ◽  
S. Asmairicen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
T Test ◽  
Increase Body Weight ◽  
Cattle Feed ◽  
Business People ◽  
Feed Control ◽  
Drain Time ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
The Cost

The main problem in the development of cattle business people in palm plantation, one exeption availibility of forage animal feed whether in quantity n quality. Other side the existence of palm leaves the midrib has been waste of a disturbing and not been utilized by farmers. To the touch technological innovations feed in te form of silage then palm leaves the midrib has been animal feed worthy of in eating of cattle. The purpose of this research is identify the effects the provisio of feed based silage palm leaves midrib increased body weight on cattle beef and analyzing efficiency the cost of animal feed. Research in farmer group Tanjung Keramat in district Kinali, Pasaman Barat in february until april 2017. Respondent are set down in purposive sampling. This research used 18 tail local bulls created the average 2 until 2, 5 years. Treatment provides was P1 control grass field is 10% from body weght (25 Kg) + bran is 10% from body weght (2,5 Kg) , P2 granting of silage then palm leaves (10 kg) + bran (1,5 Kg) + gliserida ( 2 Kg). In an analysis using t tableindependent sample t-testα=5%. Result of research shows P1 increase body weight cattle 0,68 kg/tail/day and P2 0,81 kg/ tail/ day . Provision of feed based silage then palm leaves significant compared feed control t test (-6,9) > t tabel (2,4). With efficiency cost feed during 90 days P1 (Rp. 967.500,-/cattle) and P2 (Rp. 675.500,-/cattle). So, with provision palm leaves besides increasing body weight cattle, can also reducing the grass that drain time dan energy can reduce the cost daily cattle feed.

scholarly journals Global trends in financing higher education

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
D. A. Ashirbekova ◽  
G. Zh. Nurmukhanova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Financing Higher Education ◽  
Goals And Objectives

This article describes the types of higher education institutions financing around the world, as well as the features of university financing and their structural changes in the context of the countries of the world. The management system of higher education around the world is multifunctional, complexly structured. This activity appears to be specially organized by the state authorities jointly with public institutions and is aimed at increasing the effectiveness of the higher education sector in the context of the implementation of the goals and objectives of the state in a particular historical period of development. In the last decade, there has been a demand for educational services and a corresponding increase in the cost of financing higher education. The drivers of this increase were wage growth, the cost of modern infrastructure, and the slow response to rising costs. The decline in government revenue has led to more efficient use of resources and careful monitoring of research results, since the priority for the state is to strictly evaluate the results for their funding, and research funded by the private sector has clear goals. Universities in the updated system of values stimulate the development of society, implement the training of personnel required by the market. New challenges – the pandemic and the development of the digital economy-provide new opportunities for people focused on higher education, and at the same time change the education system itself and its financing mechanisms.

scholarly journals Fundamentals of analytical assessment of the secondary sector of economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Iryna Sierova ◽  
Hanna Svydlo ◽  
Viktoriia Derykhovska ◽  
Zine Barka
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
General Scheme ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Secondary Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Industrial Group ◽  
The Cost ◽  
National Economies

Current trends in the socio-economic development of the world community have predetermined a close relationship between the parameters of the dynamics of national economies and their structural proportions. Changes in the quantitative proportions and the qualitative state of the world economy as a system determine the trend in the dynamics of the sectoral structure of the national economy. Despite the post-industrial nature of the development of countries with market economies, the source of their structural changes remains domestic economic growth, which is caused by the redistribution of capital and labor in high-tech manufacturing industries. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to formulate a general scheme for the correct assessment of the secondary sector of the Ukrainian economy based on the possibility of using analytical generalizations. The object of research is the structure of the types of activities that form the secondary sector of the national economy. The dynamics of this sector is largely determined by price characteristics. Therefore, in the analysis of reproduction processes, structural proportions associated with different price elasticities are taken into account. Since the basis for the formation of the price of products is the cost of their production, and the quantitative proportions of the economy determine the setting of new strategic goals, the article traces the dynamics of the relationship of zones and states of balanced indicators that reflect the activities of an industrial group as one of the forms of business organization. Reduction of dynamics indicators to one base allows them to be compared at all levels of generalization of data and to track trends that more accurately reflect the real state of the secondary sector of the national economy.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE CALCULATION ORDER OF EFFICIENCY INDICATORS OF ARMORED FIGHTING VEHICLES DAMAGING BY THE DIRECT FIRE OF PROSPECTIVE ANTI-TANK MEANS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 174-177
Author(s):  
V. Yakovenko ◽  
V. Khoma ◽  
O. Lyulka
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
High Explosive ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
Armored Vehicle ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Traditional Performance ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

Modern means of fire influence in the traditional performance in recent years have not undergone any structural changes. However, certain areas of development of scientific and technical activities of mankind have made it possible to rethink approaches to the lethality of weapons. However, the so-called high-precision munitions, which have taken a fairly clear position in the weapons market have both a number of significant advantages in use, and no less than a list of disadvantages, one of which is the cost of production. However, the world's fleet of armored combat vehicles is growing steadily, while the list of anti-tank weapons is limited to anti-tank missile systems and, in some cases, single samples of anti-tank guns. The calculation of efficiency indicators today is traditionally based on the defeat of an armored vehicle by direct hit of a fragmentation and high-explosive projectile, rather than its so-called «useful fragments». The experience of recent local wars and conflicts requires increasing demands for new samples, characterized by the compilation of a means of destruction, a means of delivering fragile mass to a target, as well as the means of reconnaissance and the control devices of these components of fire influence on enemy armor. This problem can be solved by means of prospective anti-tank automatic cannons in combination with fragmentation and reconnaissance missiles and reconnaissance devices, including airborne (UAV, «flying platforms» type balloon). In addition to analyzing the directions of improving the means of defeat of combat armored vehicles, the mathematical apparatus by which it is possible to determine the expected consumption of shells on the target, which provides the effectiveness of firing, the ways of calculating the effectiveness indicators of damage to combat armored personnel by direct fire of prospective anti-tank means without shooting in return.

Economic and Structural Changes in Agricultural Production in Russia for the Period 2006-2016 (According to Agricultural Censuses)

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
V.A. Saraykin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Russian Agriculture ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Quantitative Assessments

Many government decisions require accurate quantitative assessments of the parameters of the processes taking place in the country. This makes statistical observations the main source of analysis and evaluation. This article discusses the importance of conducting regular agricultural censuses and the need to include economic indicators in questionnaires to obtain information about the state of agriculture, as well as methodological issues of analyzing the development of agriculture based on agricultural censuses. The main goal is to assess the structural changes that occurred in the Russian agriculture in the period 2006-2016, based on the calculated indicator of standardized revenue. The paper calculates the cost of production volumes in 2006 and 2016 based on the data of past censuses, which allowed us to clarify the results of the industry development by comparing the results with planned and reported indicators. The analysis of structural changes in agriculture and its branches is presented.

Disability, Genetics and Global Justice

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Shakespeare
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
Disability Rights ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Genetic Medicine

Genetic developments are viewed with distrust by the disability rights community. But the argument that genetic screening promotes social injustice is not straightforward. Disabled people are affected by both the problems of impairment and the problems of disability. Preventing impairment should be a priority as well as preventing disability. Questions of social justice arise if biomedical approaches are prioritized at the cost of structural changes in society. They also arise when disabled people do not have access to genetic medicine. On a global scale, the priorities for impairment prevention are basic healthcare, not high technology medicine.

scholarly journals Financialization and Structural Change in Commodity Futures Markets

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott H. Irwin ◽  
Dwight R. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Futures Markets ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Commodity Futures ◽  
Risk Premiums ◽  
Commodity Futures Markets ◽  
Trading Volumes ◽  
Cost Of Hedging ◽  
The Cost

The first decade of the 21st century has perhaps witnessed more structural change in commodity futures markets than all previous decades combined. Not only have trading volumes and open interest increased markedly, but this time period also saw historic changes in both trading and participants. The available literature indicates that the irrational and harmful impacts of the structural changes in commodity futures markets over the last decade have been minimal. In particular, there is little evidence that passive index investment caused a massive bubble in commodity futures prices. There is intriguing evidence of several other rational and beneficial impacts of the structural changes over the last decade. In particular, the expanding market participation may have decreased risk premiums, and hence, the cost of hedging, reduced price volatility, and better integrated commodity markets with financial markets.

scholarly journals ANALISIS EFISIENSI PENGENDALIAN BIAYA KUALITAS PADA AKSAN BAKERY MANADO

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitriayani Adam ◽  
Hendrik Manossoh ◽  
Sherly Pinatik
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Quality Cost ◽  
Cost Of Quality ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
The Cost

Quality being the competitiveness of the most important for the company's products and also because the quality has been the hope and desire of everyone, especially the consumer. Customers are not going to focus on a product / service only in terms of price but in good quality inherent in the product or service. Viewed from the importance of the quality of products, each company needs to spend quality, cost of quality is the cost refers to the cost incurred to prevent or expenses incurred as a result of producing a quality product. Efforts to improve the quality of the product will not run without the cost of quality control to overcome the problems faced by the company, where quality control can help the company determine the feasibility of the quality of products based on control limits have been set. This study aims to see how the cost of quality control and to analyze the efficiency of the implementation cost of quality control conducted by Aksan Bakery in Manado. Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis with qualitative approach and using methods of presentation quality cost ratio analysis to assess the efficiency cost of quality. Based on analysis of the cost of quality control conducted by the company it appears that the cost of quality control conducted by the company do not meet the quality standards that have been set at 2.5% of sales, for the cost of quality issued by the company is greater than a predetermined quality standards, namely amounting to 13.89% of sales. This may imply that the cost of quality control has not been carried out efficiently. Keywords : Efficiency , Cost of Quality

Active Tactile Exploration Based on Cost-Aware Information Gain Maximization

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Ottenhaus ◽  
Lukas Kaul ◽  
Nikolaus Vahrenkamp ◽  
Tamim Asfour
Keyword(s):  
Information Gain ◽  
Shape Reconstruction ◽  
Object Knowledge ◽  
Object Shape ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Contact Information ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Estimation Function ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Object Models

Active tactile perception is a powerful mechanism to collect contact information by touching an unknown object with a robot finger in order to enable further interaction with the object or grasping of the object. The acquired object knowledge can be used to build object shape models based on such usually sparse tactile contact information. In this paper, we address the problem of object shape reconstruction from sparse tactile data gained from a robot finger that yields contact information and surface orientation at the contact points. To this end, we present an exploration algorithm which determines the next best touch target in order to maximize the estimated information gain and to minimize the expected costs of exploration actions. We introduce the Information Gain Estimation Function (IGEF), which combines different goals as measure for the quantification of the cost-aware information gain during exploration. The IGEF-based exploration strategy is validated in simulation using 48 publicly available object models and compared to state-of-the-art Gaussian processes-based exploration approaches. The results show the performance of the approach regarding exploration efficiency, cost-awareness and suitability for application in real tactile sensing scenarios.

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