scholarly journals Agility, acceleration, speed and maximum speed relationship with age factor in soccer playersFutbolcularda yaşa bağlı çeviklik, ivmelenme, sürat ve maksimum sürat ilişkisi

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 5660
Author(s):  
Ozan Sever ◽  
Erkal Arslanoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Factor ◽  
Maximal Speed ◽  
Physical Abilities

The aim of study was to investigate age-related agility, acceleration, speed and maximum speed relationships in soccer players. Study consisted of 125 young football players aged between 14 and 18 from Karabükspor youth and reserve team who were measured for 30m speed,10m acceleration, 20m maximum speed, and T-Agility tests. The test values of players decreased with age as expected. All performance tests correlated significantly but coefficients of determination (r2) between agility test and all other tests were low. Acceleration and other tests except 30m speed also were low. There were no differences in age groups in terms of correlation between tests. Because of low coefficients of determination, it could be said that maximal speed, acceleration, agility were correlated by chance and were different components of physical performance so different training sessions should be planned for each physical abilities. ÖzetÇalışmada futbolcuların sürat, çeviklik, ivmelenme ve maksimum sürat becerilerinin yaşa bağlı değişimi ve birbirleri ile ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Karabükspor altyapısı, A2 takımında 14-18 yaş aralığındaki 125 sporcu katılmıştır. Sporcuların 10m ivmelenme, 30m sürat ve T-Çeviklik ve 20 m maksimum sürat ölçümleri yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel analiz SPSS 19 programında yapılıp, 0,05 anlamlılık değeri olarak kabul edilmiştir. Sporcuların, çeviklik, ivmelenme, sürat ve maksimum sürat ölçüm süreleri yaş ile birlikte düşüş göstermektedir. En belirgin düşüş çeviklik testinde ortaya çıkmıştır. Tüm ölçümler arasında pozitif doğrusal ilişki vardır. Bu ilişki yaş faktörü ile incelendiğinde anlamlılık devam etmiştir. Fakat açıklayıcılık katsayılarına(r2) bakıldığında çeviklik ile diğer tüm ölçümler, ivmelenme ile 30 metre sürat süresi hariç tüm ölçümlerde düşük ilişki söz konusudur. Yaşa bağlı değişimde çevikliğin, doğrusal koşulara göre daha belirgin geliştiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Açıklayıcılık katsayısının düşük bulunması futbolcuların çeviklik, ivmelenme, sürat becerilerinin birbirleri ile güçlü ilişkisinin olmadığını göstermektedir. Bu fiziksel becerilerin birbirlerinden ayrı özellikler olduğu, antrenman planlamalarının bu beceriler ayrı ele alınarak yapılmasının faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Effects of Age on Match-related Acceleration and Deceleration Efforts in Elite Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Lorenzo-Martínez ◽  
Francisco J. Corredoira ◽  
Carlos Lago-Peñas ◽  
Roberto López-Del Campo ◽  
Fabio Nevado-Garrosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Maximum Acceleration ◽  
Multiple Camera ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Acceleration And Deceleration

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of chronological age on acceleration and deceleration match performance in professional soccer players. A total of 5317 individual match observations were collected on 420 professional players competing in the Spanish LaLiga during the 2018–2019 season, using a multiple-camera computerised tracking system (TRACAB; ChyronHego, Melville, NY, USA). Players were classified using a k-means cluster analysis into four different age groups: 17–23 years, 24–27 years, 28–30 years, and 31–38 years. Linear mixed models were adjusted to compare the players’ match performance according to their age group and playing position (central defenders, external defenders, central midfielders, external midfielders, and forwards). The results showed that players aged between 31–38 years performed a significantly less total number of accelerations (ES=0.30–0.48) and decelerations (ES=0.29–0.49) in comparison with younger players. These age-related physical performance declines were more pronounced among central defenders, central midfielders, and forwards. However, no significant effects were obtained for players’ maximum acceleration and deceleration capacities. The current findings provide useful information for coaches and strength and conditioning specialists to better understand the effects of age on players’ physical performance and to develop age-tailored training programs.

scholarly journals Body Physique, Body Composition, Physical Performance, Technical and Tactical Skills, Psychological Development, and Club Characteristics of Young Male Portuguese Soccer Players: The INEX Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3560
Author(s):  
Maryam Abarghoueinejad ◽  
Daniel Barreira ◽  
Cláudia Dias ◽  
Eduardo Guimarães ◽  
Adam D. G. Baxter-Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Biological Maturation ◽  
Age Related

Youth soccer performance is multifaceted, includes physical growth, biological maturation, and physical fitness, and is linked to the sporting environment to which the players are exposed. We aim to describe age-related associations in body physique, body composition, physical performance technical and tactical skills, psychological and club characteristics of male soccer players aged 12 to 14 years. A total of 157 male soccer players clustered into three age-cohorts (12, 13 and 14 years) were recruited from six soccer clubs. Anthropometric, body composition and body physique, biological maturation, physical performance, skill/game proficiency data, psychological characteristics, and clubs’ characteristics were collected. Group means were compared using analysis of variance and covariance. Fourteen years old players were significantly taller, heavier, leaner, faster, stronger, and technically more skilled than their younger peers (p < 0.05). Differences in physical performance and technical skills (p < 0.05) were found between age groups when adjusting for confounders of soccer training and biological maturation. No significant differences (p > 0.05) between age groups were found in psychological domains. Our findings suggest that age, biological maturation, and training volume are key factors influencing young soccer players’ performance and development. Further, clubs’ conditions provide players with ample resources for their success in training and competition.

scholarly journals Training Loads and RSA and Aerobic Performance Changes During the Preseason in Youth Soccer Squads

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-248
Author(s):  
Tiago Cetolin ◽  
Anderson Santiago Teixeira ◽  
Almir Schmitt Netto ◽  
Alessandro Haupenthal ◽  
Fábio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Physical Abilities

AbstractThe aims of this study were to compare the internal training load (ITL) in soccer players of two competitive age groups (under-15 [U-15] and under-19 [U-19]) during an 8-week preseason training period and compare the associated changes in physical performance measures. Eighteen U-15 and twelve U-19 players were monitored over an 8-week period during the preseason phase. The ITL was monitored using the session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) method. Before and after the preseason period, physical performance was assessed by best (RSAbest) and mean (RSAmean) times in a repeated sprint ability (RSA) test and peak velocity derived from the Carminatti test (PVT-CAR). Total weekly ITL increased with age (U-15: 13770 ± 874 AU vs. U-19: 33584 ± 2506 AU; p < 0.001). In addition, U-19 players perceived training sessions as heavier than U-15 players (6.1 ± 0.3 vs. 5.3 ± 0.3 AU, respectively; p < 0.001). After the preseason period, very likely to almost certainly positive changes were observed for all performance measures in both age groups. However, the U-15 group had possibly superior gains in RSAbest (+1.40%, 90%CL -0.29 to 3.05, with ES = 0.35) and likely higher effects in RSAmean (+1.89%, 90%CL 0.04 to 3.70, with ES = 0.53) and PVT-CAR (+2.71%, 90%CL 0.35 to 5.01, with ES = 0.37) compared to the U-19 group. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that the U-19 group accumulate higher total weekly ITLs than the U-15 group during the preseason phase due to longer and heavier training sessions. However, the U-15 group obtained superior gains in soccer-specific physical abilities while accumulating half the total ITLs during lighter training sessions.

scholarly journals AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATUS AND TEMPERATURE HOMEOSTASIS IN HIGHLY SKILLED FOOTBALL PLAYERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
N Zakharieva ◽  
A Alhakim
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Football Players ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Life Index ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Plastic Type ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Thermal Status

Aim. The article deals with establishing the features of morphofunctional characteristics and temperature balance in highly skilled football players aged 17–21. Materials and methods. Within the framework of the study, the following methods have been used: questioning; anthropometry; dynamometry; spirometry; echocardiography; electrocardiography at rest and before physical activities; functional measurements and tests; assessment of the thermal status. 18 football players participated in the study (the team from the Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism). Results. We revealed significant age-related differences in the integral indicator of the life index. At the first stage of maturity, we registered an increase of the life index, which indicates the improvement of the functional reserves of the respiratory system under regular physical loads connected with playing football. We studied the indicators of physical performance and aerobic capacities in the football players of different age groups. We revealed age-related differences in physical performance during a two-stage PWC170 test with a submaximal physical load of 70–80 % of VO2 max. We also revealed age-related differences in the indicators of external respiration in highly skilled football players. The assessment of the thermal status was conducted with temperature measurement in 5 areas: the forehead, chest, abdomen, thigh, and back (CorTemp® body temperature recorder). The most pronounced diffe­rences in temperature were registered in athletes with various results in the PWC170 test. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate an adaptive increase of average-weighted skin temperature during the first load and active involvement of such a mechanism of heat loss like sweat evaporation during the second load. Two types of temperature curves are distinguished in accordance with temperature changes: the inert type and plastic type. The plastic type is characterized by a decrease of average skin temperature below the temperature at rest after a pause before the second load. The inert type is characterized by a smooth increase in skin temperature during the first load. A further increase was two times lower than that of the first load.

scholarly journals Associations between Inter-Limb Asymmetries in Jump and Change of Direction Speed Tests and Physical Performance in Adolescent Female Soccer Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3474
Author(s):  
Elena Pardos-Mainer ◽  
Chris Bishop ◽  
Oliver Gonzalo-Skok ◽  
Hadi Nobari ◽  
Jorge Pérez-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Hop Test ◽  
Physical Tests

The association between asymmetries in jump and change of direction (COD) with physical performance in several sports show inconclusive results. The purposes of this study were to: (1) measure inter-limb asymmetries in three distinct groups in adolescent female soccer players and, (2) to determine the association between inter-limb asymmetries and physical performance in different age groups. Fifty-four players were distributed in three age groups: U-18, U-16 and U-14. All of them performed a series of jumps, sprints and change of direction speed tests. Asymmetries were assessed as the percentage difference between limbs, with the equation: 100/Max value (right and left) * in value (right and left) * −1 + 100. Mean inter-limb asymmetries were 2.91%, 4.82% and 11.6% for 180° COD, single leg hop and single leg countermovement jump tests respectively, but higher percentages of asymmetries were observed in many players individually. U-18 and U-16 showed significant differences on 180° left COD compared to U-14. Effect size (ES): 0.80 and 0.74, respectively; U-18 presented differences on single left leg hop test compared to U-14, ES: −0.72; U-16 also showed differences on 40 m speed compared to U-14, ES 0.87 (All p < 0.05). Jumping and COD physical tests show asymmetries in adolescent female soccer players, but these asymmetries do not interfere with physical performance. The largest asymmetry was observed in the single leg countermovement jump, and no asymmetries between groups were found. Due to the high variability in the direction of asymmetries, it is recommended to consider players’ individual asymmetries for designing specific training programs.

scholarly journals Composición corporal y rendimiento físico de jugadores de fútbol soccer universitario por posición de juego (Body composition and physical performance of college soccer by player´s position)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Ceballos-Gurrola ◽  
Fernando Bernal-Reyes ◽  
Marquelia Jardón-Rosas ◽  
María Cristina Enríquez-Reyna ◽  
Jesús Durazo- Quiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Soccer Teams ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
The Relationship

Se propuso determinar la relación que existe entre la composición corporal y el rendimiento físico de jugadores de fútbol soccer universitario. Participaron 26 jugadores de sexo masculino con edad promedio de 20.7 años (DT = 1.7), pertenecientes a los equipos representativos de fútbol soccer de dos universidades mexicanas. Se midieron características morfológicas, de composición corporal y físicas para las posiciones de defensa, mediocampo y delantero. Se determinó el nivel de asociación entre las variables. Los resultados muestran que los defensas presentan mayor masa corporal, diámetro de húmero y circunferencia de cadera que los delanteros (p < .05), no así respecto a los jugadores de mediocampo. No se presenta diferencia en la expresión de las capacidades físicas y del porcentaje de masa grasa de los jugadores por posición de juego (p > .05). La masa grasa se asoció de manera directa con la velocidad (.427*, p < .05). Se encontraron diferencias en la masa ósea y corporal por posición de juego entre defensas, mediocampistas y delanteros. Los hallazgos sugieren la influencia de la composición corporal en el rendimiento físico de los participantes.  Abstract. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between body composition and physical performance in college soccer players. Twenty-six male players with an average age of 20.7 years (SD = 1.7), belonging to the representative soccer teams of two Mexican universities participated in the research. Morphological, body composition, and physical characteristics were measured for the defense, midfield, and forward positions. The level of association between variables was determined. The results show that defenders have greater body mass, humerus diameter, and hip circumference than forwards (p <. 05), whereas no differences were found in comparison to midfielders. There is no difference in players’ expression of physical abilities and percentage of fat mass by playing position (p > .05). Fat mass was directly associated with speed (.427 *, p < .05). Differences were found in bone and body mass by playing position between defenders, midfielders, and forwards. The findings hint at an influence of body composition on participants’ physical performance.

scholarly journals Internal, external and repeated-sprint demands in small-sided games: A comparison between bouts and age groups in elite youth soccer players

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249906
Author(s):  
Richard Hauer ◽  
Paul Störchle ◽  
Bettina Karsten ◽  
Harald Tschan ◽  
Arnold Baca
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Image Position

This study investigated the activity profile during small-sided games (SSG) in elite youth soccer players. Internal load (IL) including heart rate (HR) and external load (EL) such as distance covered in different speed-zones (SZ) were collected from forty-eight players of three different teams (U15, U16, U18). The investigation included a total of eighteen 5vs.5 SSGs, each consisting of four 2-minute bouts on a 40x32m pitch during spring season. Total group results (n = 48) showed a reduction in total-distance (p = 0.001; ηp2 = 0.12), high-intensity-running (p = 0.009; ηp2 = 0.09), and low-intensity-running distance (p = 0.028; ηp2 = 0.07) between bouts. Similarly, a reduction in the number of both acceleration-low (p = 0.001; ηp2 = 0.12) and deceleration-high (p = 0.003; ηp2 = 0.11) values was observed. Additionally, time spent in HR-zones 3 and 4 (p≤0.007; ηp2 ≥ 0.10), increased, with a reduction in HR-zone 1 (p = 0.000, ηp2 = 0.25). Age group comparison showed less distance covered in SZ 1 (p≤0.000; ηp2 = 0.56) and greater deceleration-high values (p≤0.038; ηp2 = 0.32) in U15 players compared to other age groups. Further, U15 showed lower values in low-intensity-running compared to U18 (p = 0.038; ηp2 = 0.22). No age-related differences were found for IL and repeated sprint ability (RSA) values. The higher EL in younger age groups should be taken into account when implementing soccer specific SSGs. In addition, HRmean values between 80–85% of HRmax and RSA numbers, which are similar to match-play data, indicate SSGs as an effective training tool to prepare youth soccer athletes for the demands of competition.

scholarly journals Short-Term FIFA 11+ Improves Agility and Jump Performance in Young Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebojša Trajković ◽  
Marko Gušić ◽  
Slavko Molnar ◽  
Draženka Mačak ◽  
Dejan M. Madić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump

Studies dealing with the effectiveness of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 11+ prevention program to improve performance outcomes in children aged < 14 years are limited. This study aimed to point out the effects of the application of short-term FIFA 11+ warm-up program on physical performance in young football players. Participants were 36 youth male football players, divided into a FIFA 11+ (n = 19; mean (SD) age: 11.15 (0.79) y) and a control group (CG: n = 17; age: 10.87 (0.8) y) and trained for 4 weeks. Before and after the training period, standing long jump performance, agility, repeated sprint ability, sit and reach, and “30–15” intermittent fitness tests were assessed. A mixed ANOVA showed significant differences between the groups in the standing long jump test (FIFA 11+: 5.6% vs. CG: −1.9%) in favor of FIFA 11+ over CG. Additionally, the FIFA 11+ performance of the Illinois agility test was significantly better compared to the CG performance (FIFA 11+: −1.9% vs. CG: 0.03%). The main findings of this study suggest that just 4 weeks of implementation of the FIFA 11+ improves physical performance compared with traditional warm-up routines in young soccer players.

A cross-sectional study on foot loading patterns in elite soccer players of different ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 939-946
Author(s):  
Thilo Hotfiel ◽  
Tobias Golditz ◽  
Jessy Wegner ◽  
Johannes Pauser ◽  
Matthias Brem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Stress Fractures ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Loading Patterns ◽  
Foot Loading

BACKGROUND: Alterations in plantar loading patterns are risk factors for stress injuries of the lower limb, particularly of the foot and ankle. Epidemiological studies have revealed a higher incidence of soccer-related stress fractures of the fifth metatarsal (MT V) in younger athletes than in their adult counterparts. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to assess the plantar pressure distributions of members of four high-level soccer teams of different age groups to identify age-related differences in loading patterns. METHODS: A total of 65 elite soccer players were included in the study. Data were computed with sensor-loaded insoles (pedar® X system, novel Inc., Munich, Germany) while the players ran in soccer shoes. Plantar pressures for nine defined regions on the preferred and nonpreferred foot were analyzed. RESULTS: The participants consisted of 17 elite male soccer professionals from the first national league (mean 23 years, height 184 cm, weight 81 kg), 14 players from the under-21 squad (U21, 20 years, 180 cm, 75 kg), 15 players from the U17 squad (16 years, 176 cm, 69 kg) and 19 players from the U16 squad (15 years, 179 cm, 70 kg). We detected statistically significantly elevated peak pressures on the lateral aspects of the nonpreferred foot compared with the preferred foot in the U16 and U17 players, corresponding to a relative increase by 29% (p= 0.044) in the lateral midfoot, a relative increase by 24% (p= 0.031) in MT heads 4–5 in the U16 players and a difference of 18% (p= 0.049) in the lateral midfoot in the U17 players. In contrast, the U21 and adult professional players displayed symmetric plantar pressure distributions in all foot regions. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to adult elite soccer players, adolescents demonstrate asymmetric foot loading patterns with increased peak loads in the lateral aspects of the nonpreferred foot. Our results may provide some explanation for MT V stress fractures that occur in elite adolescents.

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