scholarly journals Examination of correlation among reaction time, strength, and flexibility of sedentary and athletes in different branchesFarklı branşlarda yer alan sporcular ve sedanterlerde bazı biomotor özellikler ve reaksiyon zamanı arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 3282
Author(s):  
Recep Gürsoy ◽  
Sedi Akarsu ◽  
Kürşat Hazar
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Time Strength ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Sports Activities

The purpose of this study was to contribute to the selection of talent by determining which parameters are more important for which branch between sports branches and how sports activities of different kinds and sedentary life affect some of the motoric characteristics found in the physiological structure of the human being. Adult athletes who have been sporting for at least three years and still actively engaged in sports and adult sedentary groups have participated in the study. Totally 212 participants that 157 were male and 55 were female, 119 of them were athletes and 93 were sedentary. All subjects voluntarily participating in the tests were subjected to a simple reaction time test (right hand and left hand), right and left claw, back and leg strength tests and flexibility (sit and reach) tests, respectively. Independent t-test was used for binary comparisons of data obtained and One-Way ANOVA was used to multiple comparisons. It was found that there was a statistically difference between both male-female athletes and sedentary male and females’ mean values of the right hand reaction time and values of claw-back and leg strength (p<0,05); and it was determined that there was no statistically difference between male and females’ means of left-hand reaction time and flexibility values (p>0,05). While there was a significant difference between sedentary and athletes’ means of reaction time, claw-back-leg strength and flexibility values (p<0,05), reaction time, strength measurements, and flexibility values have been found better in athletes as well as all other values have been found significant. It has been determined that there is a significant difference among athletes from different branches in all values in the average of reaction time, claw-back-leg strength and flexibility values (p <0.05). In conclusion, it is considered that sports activities in different branches are an important factor in development of motoric features of the human body, for this reason; it is important to take the signified differences into consideration when choosing talent for the branches in sport.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı;  farklı türde yapılan sportif aktiviteler ve sedanter yaşamın insanın fizyolojik yapısında bulunan bazı motorik özellikleri nasıl etkilediğini ve spor branşları arasında hangi branş için hangi parametrelerin daha önemli olduğunu ortaya koymak suretiyle, sporda yetenek seçimine katkı bir sağlayabilmektir. Çalışmaya, en az üç yıl süreyle spor yapmış ve halen aktif olarak spor yapan yetişkin sporcular ve yetişkin sedanter bireyler katıldı. Toplam 212 kişiden 157’si erkek, 55’i bayan olmak üzere katılımcıların 119’u sporcu, 93’ü ise sedanterdi. Testlere gönüllü olarak katılan tüm deneklere, sırası ile basit reaksiyon zaman testi (sağ el ve sol el olmak üzere), sağ ve sol el kavrama, sırt ve bacak kuvveti testleri ile esneklik (otur-uzan) testi uygulandı. Elde edilen verilerin ikili karşılaştırmaları için Bağımsız örneklem t-testi ve çoklu karşılaştırmaları için ise One-Way ANOVA test yöntemi kullanıldı. Katılımcılardan gerek sporcu erkek ve bayanların gerekse sedanter erkek ve bayanların sağ el reaksiyon zamanı, el kavrama, sırt-bacak kuvveti değerleri ortalamaları arasında anlamlı farklılık olduğu (p<0,05), sporcu ve sedanter, erkek ve bayanların sol el reaksiyon zamanı ve esneklik değerleri ortalamaları arasında ise anlamlı farklılıkların olmadığı tespit edildi (p>0,05). Sporcu ve sedanter bireylerde reaksiyon zamanı, el kavrama, sırt-bacak kuvveti ve esneklik değerleri ortalamaları arasında anlamlı farklılıklar görülürken (p<0.05), tüm değerler anlamlı bulunmakla birlikte reaksiyon zamanı ve kuvvet ölçümleri ile esneklik değerleri sporcularda daha iyi bulundu. Çeşitli branşlardaki sporcuların reaksiyon zamanı, el kavrama-sırt-bacak kuvveti ve esneklik değerleri ortalamalarında ise tüm değerlerde branşlar arası anlamlı farklılıkların olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak farklı türde yapılan sportif aktivitelerin insan vücudundaki motorik özelliklerin geliştirilmesinde önemli bir etken olduğu ve bu nedenle sporda yetenek seçimi yapılırken belirtilen farklılıklara dikkat edilmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

scholarly journals Does Performance of Speed-Accuracy Movements Depend on Gender and the Left or the Right Hand?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (77) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Motiejūnaitė ◽  
Dalia Mickevičienė ◽  
Albertas Skurvydas ◽  
Diana Karanauskienė ◽  
Mantas Mickevičius
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Movement Trajectory ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Right ◽  
Speed Accuracy

The aim of the study was to establish the differences in men and women’s performance of speed-accuracy movements with their left (LH) and right (RH) hands. The research participants were 24 healthy right-handed subjects: 12 males (aged 20.8 ± 1.1 years) and 12 females (aged 21.4 ± 1.0 years). The research was carried out in the Laboratory of Human Motor Control at the Lithuanian Academy of Physical Education (LAPE) applying the analyzer of dynamic parameters of human leg and arm movement (DPA-1; Patent No. 5251; 2005 08 25), which is used for the qualitative estimation of the dynamic parameters of one arm and leg target movement, two arms and legs coordinated and independent target movements, when the resistance power and target are coded with different programmable parameters. The task was performed with the right and then with the left hand (50 repetitions with each hand). The subjects had two tasks: a) to react as quickly as possible (simple task); b) to react as quickly as possible and to hit the target on a computer screen quickly and accurately (complicated task). We registered the maximal and mean movement speed, reaction time, movement trajectory and intraindividual variability of the right and the left hands. Conclusions. There was no significant difference in accuracy between female and male subjects, thought female subjects performed speed-accuracy task more slowly than men. Both males and females performed the speed-accuracy task with their right hand faster and more accurately than with their left hand. Performing movements with different hands the indices of reaction time did not differ significantly. Both males and females performed movements with their right and left hands with the same intraindividual variability.Keywords: movement control, reaction time, speed-accuracy task, right and left hand, gender. 

Effects of ipsilateral and crossed eye-hand dominance on catching performance in prepubescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
M. Akif Ziyagil ◽  
Inci Kesilmiş ◽  
Nevzat Demirci ◽  
M. Melih Kesilmiş
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Eye Dominance ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

This study investigates the effects of ipsilateral and crossed hand-eye dominance on one and both hands catching performance (OHCP and BHCP) in participants aged 10 to 13 years. The combined groups including hand and eye dominance consisted of right handed-right eyed (RHRE), right handed-left eyed (RHLE), left handed-left eyed (LHLE) and left handed-right eyed (LHRE), respectively. In this study the mean values were only higher in the favor of LHLE females in left hand OHCP from 2 and 3 m distances. In other side, LHLE males had a higher mean values not only in left hand OHCP from 2 and 3 meters but also in the right hand OHCP from 3 meters. No significant difference was observed in BHCP among four groups in both genders. In conclusion, ipsilateral handeye dominance is an advantage for OHCP compared to cross dominance. Also left side had an advantage compare to the right side in OHCP. Keywords: Hand dominance; physical activity; gender.

scholarly journals Mentally Challenged Children’s Performance Comparison to Evaluate their Motor Function of the Brain – By Applying Finger Tapping Sub-test Test of Neuropsychological Battery

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mr. Anjan N. Patel ◽  
Dr. D.J Panchal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Similar Performance ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Finger Tapping Test

“Mentally challenged children’s performance comparison to evaluate their brain’s motor function – by applying finger tapping subtest test of neuropsychological battery” this is a research problem to know that mental retardation is affecting their motor co-ordination function on not”. Neuro-psychological assessment test battery which was developed by NIMHANS, Bangalore in the year of 2004 and its sub-test Finger tapping test was administered for research. By random sampling method, samples were collected from B.M Institute of Mental Health, Ahmedabad in the year of 2012. Based on Government Civil hospital’s IQ certificate 75 mild category of MR children of above and below graduate parents were taken for research with prior permission. Mental Retardation based on various diagnosis like; Down syndrome, microcephaly, hydrocephaly, trisomy-13, trisomy-18 or multiple disabilities are included. Flowingly, Children’s age group and gender are also kept different to compare their performance on finger tapping test. The results shows the “t” value of Neuropsychological functions of finger tapping test (Right hand) of mild children of different educational level of parents is 0.12. The mean scores of finger tapping test (Right hand) of mild children of above and below graduate parents were found 36.08 and 36.38 respectively with SD 8.50 and 12.56. The results indicate that significant difference does not exist between mild children of below and above graduate parents with regard to finger tapping test (Right hand). In the light of the hypothesis that there will be no significant difference between mild children of below and above graduate parents on finger tapping test (Right hand). It implies that mild children of below and above graduate parents have no significant difference of performance on finger tapping test (Right hand). Based on the result it depicts that mild children of below and above graduate parents’ children have similar performance on finger tapping test (Right hand). The results shows the “t” value of Neuropsychological functions of finger tapping test (Left hand) of mild children of educational level of parents is 0.55. The mean scores of finger tapping test (Left hand) of mild children of above graduate parents were found 34.49 and 35.92 respectively with SD 9.18 and 13.03. The results indicate that significant difference exist between mild children of below graduate parents and mild children of above graduate parents with regard to finger tapping test (Left hand). In the light of the hypothesis that there will be no significant difference between mild children of below and above graduate parents on finger tapping test (Left hand). It implies that mild children of below and above graduate parents have no significant difference on finger tapping test (left hand). Mild children of above and below graduate parent’s children have similar performance on finger tapping test (left hand). On the basis of result it is concluded that Mild MR category of above and below graduate parent’s children have similar performance on Finger tapping test in both Right and Left hand. It depicts that these children are fair in their motor function of motor speed and co-ordination. 75 children’s mental retardation does not affected on their brain’s motor function performance.

scholarly journals Strength and Reaction Time Capabilities of New Zealand Polo Players and Their Association with Polo Playing Handicap

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regan Standing ◽  
Russ Best
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Physical Attributes

Polo is an equestrian team sport consisting of four players per team, with level of play determined by cumulative player handicap (−2 to +10 goals), with a higher handicap denoting a better player. There is minimal literature investigating Polo players’ physical attributes, hence the understanding of the physical characteristics that may contribute to an improved handicap are unknown. This study sought to identify the relationship between pertinent strength measures (left and right hand grip strength; absolute and relative isometric mid-thigh pull) and reaction time in Polo handicap in 19 New Zealand Polo players, and ascertain whether handicap could be predicted by these measures. Correlation coefficients were expressed using R values, accompanying descriptors and 90% confidence intervals (C.I.). Variance explained was expressed via the R2 statistic, and statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Right hand grip strength, isometric mid-thigh pull values were found to significantly correlate to and explain variance within Polo player handicap (all moderate to large correlations; p < 0.05). Whereas left hand grip strength (R: 0.380; 90% C.I. −0.011 to 0.670) and reaction time (0.020; −0.372 to 0.406) were non-significant, moderate and trivial correlates and predictors of handicap respectively. Practically, these findings highlight the differing roles between rein and mallet hands of Polo players and emphasise the importance of a strong and stable platform when riding and striking the ball. Lack of association with reaction time may be explained in part by higher handicapped Polo players employing a more proactive approach to the game.

scholarly journals Effect of whitening dentifrices on the surface roughness of a nanohybrid composite resin

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Migliorin da Rosa ◽  
Luciana Mendonça da Silva ◽  
Márcio de Menezes ◽  
Hugo Felipe do Vale ◽  
Diego Ferreira Regalado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nanohybrid Composite ◽  
One Way Anova

ABSTRACT Objectives: The present study verified the influence of whitening dentifrices on the surface roughness of a nanohybrid composite resin. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two specimens were prepared with Filtek™ Z350 XT (3M/ESPE) and randomly divided into four groups (n = 08) that were subjected to brushing simulation equivalent to the period of 1 month. The groups assessed were a control group with distilled water (G1), Colgate Total 12 Professional Clean (G2), Sensodyne Extra Whitener Extra Fresh (G3), and Colgate Luminous White (G4). A sequence of 90 cycles was performed for all the samples. The initial roughness of each group was analyzed by the Surface Roughness Tester (TR 200-TIME Group Inc., CA, USA). After the brushing period, the final roughness was measured, and the results were statistically analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn tests for intergroup roughness comparison in the time factor. For intragroup and “Δ Final − Initial” comparisons, the Wilcoxon test and (one-way) ANOVA were, respectively, performed (α = 0.05). Results: The roughness mean values before and after brushing showed no statistically significant difference when the different dentifrices were used. None of the dentifrices analyzed increased significantly the nanohybrid composite resin surface roughness in a 1 month of tooth brushing simulation. Conclusions: These results suggest that no hazardous effect on the roughness of nanohybrid composite resin can be expected when whitening dentifrices are used for a short period. Similar studies should be conducted to analyze other esthetic composite materials.

scholarly journals Lateral comparisons using Fishman's skeletal maturation assessment

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham N. Safer ◽  
Peter Homel ◽  
David D. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Bone Development ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Objective:  To assess lateral differences between ossification events and stages of bone development in the hands and wrists utilizing Fishman's skeletal maturation indicators (SMIs). Materials and Methods:  The skeletal ages of 125 subjects, aged 8 to 20 years, were determined with left and right hand-wrist radiographs using Fishman's SMI assessment. Each subject was also given the Edinburgh Handedness Questionnaire to assess handedness. The skeletal ages of both hand-wrist radiographs were analyzed against each other, handedness, chronologic age, and gender. Results:  There were no significant differences overall in right and left SMI scores (P  =  .70); 79% of all patients showed no difference in right and left SMI scores, regardless of handedness, gender, or age. However, when patients were categorized based on clinical levels of SMI score for the right hand-wrist, there was a significant difference (P  =  .01) between the SMI 1-3 group and the SMI 11 group. Subjects in the SMI 1-3 group were more likely to show a left &gt; right SMI score, while subjects in the SMI 11 group were likely to show a right &gt; left SMI score. Conclusion:  Although no significant overall lateral differences in SMI scores were noted, it may be advisable to obtain a left hand-wrist radiograph and/or additional diagnostic information to estimate completion of growth in young surgical patients.

Handwriting, Typewriting and Handedness

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Provins ◽  
D. J. Glencross
Keyword(s):  
Performance Levels ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Two Sides

The performance of two groups of 20 trained touch typists and one group of 20 nontypists was tested on seven different typewriting exercises. Three of these exercises were executed entirely with the right hand and three were completed using only the left. A comparison of performances of the two sides showed, for the typists, no differences between the sides or a difference in favour of the left hand; and for the non-typists, a difference between hands in favour of the right side in two of the three comparisons. A comparison of handwriting performance with the preferred and non-preferred hands was carried out on 80 subjects. Apart from a highly significant difference in performance between the sides in favour of the preferred hand, this task showed, as did the typewriting task, a marked positive correlation between the performance levels of the two sides. These findings are briefly discussed in relation to the training histories of the subjects.

scholarly journals Reviewing assertiveness level of elite male and female Athletes in Different Sports Branches

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1924
Author(s):  
Özlem Keskin ◽  
Ayşe Demir ◽  
Buket Şenol
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Packaged Software ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
One Way Anova

The purpose of this research was to review the assertiveness levels of elite level athletes who study in İstanbul Aydın University and play different sports. For this purpose, the survey model was used in the study. A total of 121 students including 36 female (age average x=20,11±1,83) and 85 male (age average x=20,34±2,47) volunteered for this study. Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (RAE) that was developed by A.S Rathus (1973) was used as data collection tool to determine the assertiveness levels of participants (Voltan 1980). Adaption works for Turkish of this schedule was performed by Nilüfer Voltan Acar (1980). Independent T-test and One Way ANOVA Test in SPSS 24.0 packaged software were used in statistical analyses of the data obtained. It was found at the end of the research that the assertiveness level of 19 students is at timidity level, the assertiveness level of 102 students is at an aggressive level. While there were no statistically significant differences in variables of gender, branch, income level and educational background of the parent; there was found statistically significant difference by evaluation based on age ranges.

scholarly journals The Effect Ofinitial Practice with Dominant and Non-Dominant Hand on Acquisition, Retention and Transfer of a Complex Motor Task

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1067-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malihe Moones Tousi ◽  
Toktam Emami ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Hoseini
Keyword(s):  
Movement Time ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Transfer Task ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of practice orderwithdominant and non-dominant hand on acquisition, retention and transfer of basketball dribbling skills of female students at Ferdowsi University. The subjects were 20 female students of General Physical Education (19-24), who did not have any experiences in basketball with dominant right hand. They were randomly selected and equally assigned into two groups. The subjects practiced within the program for 4 weeks, 2 times a week and 45 minutes per session. Group A practiced with their dominant right hand for the first four sessions and then switched to their left hand for the second four sessions. Group B practiced reversely. The subjects were assessed by Slalom-Dribble-Test in pre-test and post-test. Retention and transfer tests were performed one week after the exercise was finished. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in acquisition of dribbling skill (p=0.053). Movement time has been significantly reduced from pre-test to post-test (p=0.00). The results showed better performance of the right hand compared to the left (p=0.042). Both groups had a shorter dribbling time with the right hand compared to the left hand in the post-test and retention test. There was no significant difference between two groups in transfer task (p = 0.16). The results indicate that practicing with dominant and non-dominant limbs in the initial motor learning seems to be important to improve performance of both limbs and to strengthen bilateral competence of the learners.

scholarly journals Effects of Congruency on Bereitschaftspotential While Performing a Bimanual Motor Task

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Meghan McGowan ◽  
Camille Hémond-Hill ◽  
Justine Nakazawa
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Grand Average ◽  
Bimanual Task ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

 The bereitschaftspotential (BP)—also known as the readiness potential—is a measure of brain activity that precedes voluntary movement by approximately one second in the supplementary motor area and the contralateral primary motor cortex. Motor task reaction time for bimanual task performance is affected by both the individual and the environment; however, it is unclear whether motor task reaction time (as measured via the BP) is significantly affected by congruency. A congruent motor task is an ipsilateral stimulus (e.g., a stimulus on the right is responded to by the right hand), and an incongruent task is a contralateral stimulus (e.g., a stimulus on the right is responded to by the left hand). Congruency is re-emerging as an important topic in motor learning as it may require different levels of cortical processing. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of congruency on the BP. Participants were asked to complete the computer task, Keyboard Hero, where they pressed keys with both their left and right hands in response to discrete congruent and incongruent stimuli. A MUSE™  apparatus recorded brain activity 1000 ms prior to, and 1000 ms after each stimulus. Results from every participant for the incongruent and congruent trials were averaged and compared using a grand average waveform. Means of accuracy (how often participants pressed the key correctly) and BP for each condition were averaged and compared using a 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Across congruent and incongruent conditions, a non-significant difference (p > 0.05 ) was found in BP (p > 0.59 ), accuracy (p > 0.64 ), and BP within −200  ms to 200 ms (p > 0.31 ). BP and mean accuracy scores were not significantly different between congruent and incongruent conditions, which may be due to only minute differences in brain activity or due to the study’s design. Further research should analyze individual variations of the present study, such as stimulus location, differences in the responding limb, correctness of responses, and the sensory modality being tested

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