scholarly journals Home advantage in professional soccer: Analysis of Turkey 1. leagueProfesyonel futbolda ev sahibi olma avantaji: Türkiye 1. liginin analizi

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 3292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oğuz Gürkan ◽  
Kemal Göral ◽  
Özcan Saygın
Keyword(s):  
Study Data ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Home Team ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Home Advantage ◽  
The Mean

In the present study, it was aimed to analyze the home team advantage in 1st Football League of Turkey. Obtained by examining the scores of matches played in 10 seasons (2005/2006-2014/2015), the study data were analyzed in terms of certain technical parameters such as number of games won as home team and guest team, home team advantage by the seasons and teams. The data obtained were entered to SPSS 16.0 software, and the frequency and percentage values were calculated and then interpreted. In totally 3062 matches played during 10 seasons, the number of matches won by home teams was 1319 (43.07%), whereas the number of games lost by home teams was found to be 886 (28.93%). During 10 seasons of 1st Football League of Turkey, the home team advantage was calculated to be 61.10%, whereas the mean home team advantage values of teams listed in 1st Football League of Turkey within this period were calculated to vary between 48.95% and 85.71%. Mean home team advantage of teams, which completed the seasons as the champion, was calculated to be 56.40%, whereas the same rate was found to be 61.23% for the teams that were dropped from the league. In conclusion, in terms of the home team advantage, the results obtained for 1st Football League of Turkey were in harmony with the literature; thus, it can be stated that the points won in away matches are an important criteria for having a successful season by winning more points.  Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışma, Türkiye Futbol 1. Liginde, ev sahibi olma avantajının incelenerek analiz edilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. On sezonluk zaman diliminde (2005/2006-2014/2015) oynanan müsabakaların sonuçları değerlendirilerek elde edilmiş olan araştırma verileri, takımların ev sahibi ve deplasman takımı olarak maç kazanma sayıları, sezonlara ve takımlara göre ev sahibi olma avantajları gibi teknik parametrelerin analizi yapılarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 16.0 programında kaydedilmiş, frekans ve yüzde değerleri hesaplanarak yorumlanmıştır. İncelenen on sezonda oynanan toplam 3062 maçta, ev sahibi takımların galibiyet sayıları 1319 (%43.07) olurken, mağlubiyetle sonuçlanan maç sayısı 886 (%28.93) olarak belirlenmiştir. Türkiye Futbol 1. Liginin incelenen 10 sezonunda ev sahibi olma avantajı ortalaması %61.10 olarak belirlenirken, Türkiye Futbol 1. Liginde bu zaman aralığında mücadele eden takımların ev sahibi olma avantajı ortalamalarının %48.95 ile %85.71 aralığında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Bir sezonu şampiyon olarak tamamlayan takımların ev sahibi olma avantajı ortalamaları %56.40 olarak bulunurken, küme düşen takımlarda ise bu oranın %61.23 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ev sahibi olma avantajı açısından Türkiye Futbol 1. Liginde de literatüre benzer sonuçlara ulaşılmasından hareketle, futbolda daha fazla puan sahibi olarak başarılı bir sezon performansı ortaya koyabilmek için deplasmanda kazanılan puanların da hedefe ulaşmada çok önemli bir kriter olduğunu söylenebilir.

Development of Prolonged Delivery of Tramadol and Dissolution Translation by Statistical Data Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1331-1337
Author(s):  
P B Parejiya ◽  
B S Barot ◽  
P K Shelat
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Dissolution Time ◽  
Matrix Tablet ◽  
Burst Effect ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dissolution Efficiency

The present study was carried out to fabricate a prolonged design for tramadol using Kollidon SR (Polyvinyl acetate and povidone based matrix retarding polymer). Matrix tablet formulations were prepared by direct compression of Kollidon SR of a varying proportion with a fixed percentage of tramadol. Tablets containing a 1:0.5 (Drug: Kollidon SR) ratio exhibited a rapid rate of drug release with an initial burst effect. Incorporation of more Kollidon SR in the matrix tablet extended the release of drug with subsequent minimization of the burst effect as confirmed by the mean dissolution time, dissolution efficiency and f2 value. Among the formulation batches, a direct relationship was obtained between release rate and the percentage of Kollidon SR used. The formulation showed close resemblance to the commercial product Contramal and compliance with USP specification. The results were explored and explained by the difference of micromeritic characteristics of the polymers and blend of drug with excipients. Insignificant effects of various factors, e.g. pH of dissolution media, ionic strength, speed of paddle were found on the drug release from Kollidon-SR matrix. The formulation followed the Higuchi kinetic model of drug release. Stability study data indicated stable character of Batch T6 after short-term stability study.

scholarly journals Home Advantage in Turkish Professional Soccer

2008 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Seçkin ◽  
Richard Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Home Advantage

Comparison of Working Length Determination in Mandibular Single-Rooted Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Ruqayya Sana ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Rashid Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conventional Radiograph ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Working Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electronic Apex Locator

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare working length calculated with conventional radiographs and an electronic apex locator (IPEX II) during the root canal treatment of mandibular anterior teeth. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital, Peshawar during February and March 2018. A consecutive sampling technique was used for sampling. Only 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Detailed medical and dental history was taken. Only patient fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: The mean age for patients was 45.33±5.16. 33% out of 30 patients (10) were male and 20 were females. The mean working length calculated from radiographs was 22.25±1.29 (min 20.09-max 24.10). The mean working length calculated by the electronic apex locator (IPEX II) was 22.17±1.28 (min 20.00-max 24.07). The mean difference between working length calculated by radiograph and electronic apex locator was -0.084mm, which means the working length determined by radiographs and by electronic apex locator has no difference in mandibular anterior teeth with single canals. CONCLUSION: Both the methods can be used effectively in endodontics for single-rooted mandibular teeth, but if both are used in combinations can lead to an improvement in the working length accuracy, which may significantly reduce the number of radiographs exposure, and increase the success and comfort for endodontic patients. KEYWORDS: Working Length, Apex Locator, Conventional Radiograph

scholarly journals Autonomy Levels of Nursing Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
şefika dilek güven
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Autonomy is one of the vocational criteria of the nursing profession and is essential for safe and quality care. Nurses begin to learn the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values associated with their professional roles during their school years. Nursing students should primarily have a high level of autonomy to protect and improve individuals’ health, and enhance their life quality in the future. This descriptive study was carried out with 285 nursing students to determine their autonomy levels. The study data were collected using a personal information form and the autonomy subscale (AS) of the Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale. For the analysis of the data, numbers, percentages, mean and standard deviation values, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests were employed, and the significance level was accepted as p <0.05. The mean total score of the students obtained from AS was 103.65 ± 18.34. Their scores from the subscales of AS were 42.68 ± 8.16 for “personal achievement”, 40.77 ± 7.70 for “freedom”, and 20.20 ± 4.70 for “enjoying loneliness”. The mean total score of the first-grade students was found to be higher than that of other grades, but the difference was not statistically significant (p> 0.05). The autonomy level of the students was found to be above the middle level, and the autonomy level of 1st-grade students was higher than that of the students in other grades.

scholarly journals Myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients is associated with the thickness of epicardial adipose tissue

Kardiologiia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Savaş Özer ◽  
Eser Bulut ◽  
Ali Gökhan Özyıldız ◽  
Mustafa Peker ◽  
Oğuzhan Ekrem Turan
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Myocardial Injury ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Thoracic Computed Tomography ◽  
Injury Group ◽  
The Mean

Aim    High sensitive troponin (hs-TnI) levels may increase secondary to Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), and this increase is associated with cardiovascular mortality in COVID-19 patients. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is associated with myocardial injury directly as a reservoir tissue for coronavirus, and indirectly through mediators it secretes as an apocrine gland. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between myocardial injury secondary to COVID-19 infection and EAT thickness.Material and methods    Thoracic computed tomography (CT) was performed in 73 consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19. EAT thickness and volume were calculated by two radiologists blind to the study data. We formed two groups according to hs-TnI concentrations, patients with myocardial damage (hs-TnI ≥11.6 ng / l) and without myocardial damage (hs-TnI<11.6 ng / dl).Results    A total of 46 patients were women (63.0 %). The mean age was 66.4±12.3 yrs in the myocardial injury group and 55.9±9.7 yrs in the group without myocardial injury (p<0.001). There were 20 hypertensive patients (68.9 %) in the injury group, while there were 12 hypertensive patients (27.3 %) in the group without injury (p=0.001). Glucose, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, white blood cell count, neutrophil, and neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio were higher in the injury group (p<0.05, for all variables). The mean EAT thickness was 5.6±1.6 mm in the injury group, whereas it was 4.8±1.8 mm in the group without injury (p=0.031). EAT thickness of 4.85 mm and above was associated with the myocardial injury with 65 % sensitivity and 39 % specificity (AUC=0.65, 95 % CI: 0.52–078, p=0.031).Conclusion    In patients with COVID-19 infection, higher rates of myocardial injury were observed as the EAT thickness increased. Epicardial adipose tissue, contributes to cytokine-mediated myocardial injury either directly or indirectly by acting as a reservoir for coronavirus. Increased EAT thickness is associated with myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Musculoskeletal Screening Tests and Bony Hip Morphology Cannot Identify Male Professional Soccer Players at Risk of Groin Injuries: A 2-Year Prospective Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1294-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea B. Mosler ◽  
Adam Weir ◽  
Andreas Serner ◽  
Rintje Agricola ◽  
Cristiano Eirale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Groin Pain ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Hip Morphology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean

Background: Musculoskeletal hip/groin screening tests are commonly performed to detect at-risk individuals. Bony hip morphology is considered a potential intrinsic risk factor but has not been examined prospectively. Purpose: To evaluate the association between intrinsic risk factors identified from musculoskeletal and radiographic screening tests and hip/groin injuries leading to time loss from training and/or match play in professional male soccer players. Study Design: Prospective cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Male professional soccer players, aged ≥18 years, underwent screening specific for hip/groin pain during 2 consecutive seasons of the Qatar Stars League. The screening battery included pain provocation, range of motion, and strength tests as well as a hip radiographic examination. The radiographic examination included an anteroposterior pelvic view and 45° Dunn view, with bony hip morphology determined using quantitative methods. Time-loss (≥1 day) hip/groin injuries and individual player exposure (training and match play) were recorded prospectively, and injuries were categorized as adductor-related, inguinal-related, iliopsoas-related, pubic-related, or hip-related groin pain, or “other,” as recommended in the Doha agreement. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) from univariate and multivariate Cox regression models to assess the relationship between potential risk factors and hip/groin injuries. Results: There were 438 players, completing 609 player seasons, and 113 hip/groin injuries that met the criteria for inclusion, with 85 injuries categorized as adductor-related. The proportion of players with bony morphological variants was the following: cam, 71%; pincer, 5%; and acetabular dysplasia, 13%. Previous hip/groin injuries (HR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2-2.7) and eccentric adduction strength were associated with the risk of hip/groin injuries. Higher (>1 SD above the mean) than normal eccentric adduction strength was associated with an increased risk for all hip/groin injuries (HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0-2.5). Lower (<1 SD below the mean) than normal eccentric adduction strength was associated with an increased risk for adductor-related injuries (HR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0-3.0). No other musculoskeletal screening test or bony hip morphology variables were associated with the injury risk. Conclusion: Previous groin injuries and eccentric adduction strength were associated with the risk of groin injuries. However, these associations were not strong enough to identify an “at-risk” individual, and therefore, musculoskeletal screening tests were not useful to dictate individualized prevention strategies. Bony hip morphology was not associated with the risk of groin injuries.

SPORT WORKOUT AND PARTICIPATION ASSOCIATED MENSTRUAL PROBLEMS AMONG ADOLESCENT ATHLETES OF ALIGARH

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Dr. Abdul Roof Rather ◽  
Nazia Khan ◽  
Abdul Kaisar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Practitioner ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Of Menarche ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Menstruation and related problems are issues of great importance for adolescent athletes. The concern becomes more crucial when it comes to the sports participation of athletes. The social and cultural setup in India leaves very less space for adolescent athletes to talk freely about menstruation. This raises a great concern regarding menstruation from health perspective. Objectives: To study sport workout and participation associated menstrual problems among adolescent athletes. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire based survey study was carried out during open sports meet 2017 in Aligarh, India. A sample of 158 girl athletes participated in this study. Data was collected using a 23-item semi structured questionnaire. Data collection lasted for two weeks and analysis was done using descriptive statistics, percentages and proportions. Results: Showed that the mean age of menarche was 13.5 years. 37.19% had irregular menstrual cycle. 73.23% (20.11% severe and 53.12% mild) athletes had abdominal pain and cramping during menstruation. While, mere, 7.98% athletes seek any medical practitioner or OB-GYN about their menstruation problems. 56.97% athletes think that sports training and participation effect their menstrual periods. 49.78% reported that diet provided to them was not well balanced and 59.09% reported that imbalanced diet had caused many problems like that of irregular menstrual periods, dizziness, sleeping difficulties, mood swings, constipation and feelings of depression to them. Conclusion: The knowledge of the participants of this study about the menstruation and related problems was very weak and did not know the safe maintenance procedures. They also have the ill faith that sports participation hampers the menstrual periods. Besides this the significant weight loss could be due to training load and dietary imbalances. This seems to have had played major role in the irregularity of the menstrual cycles.

scholarly journals Economic analysis of strategic control program (5, 8, 11) for gastrointestinal nematodes in grazing beef cattle during the growing phase in Central Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Henrique Conde ◽  
Rafael Pereira Heckler ◽  
Dyego Gonçalves Lino Borges ◽  
Valter Joost Van Onselen ◽  
Ricardo Carneiro Brumatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Strategic Control ◽  
Stock Valuation ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Operational Result ◽  
The Mean

This study aimed to analyze economically different control protocols for beef cattle gastrointestinal nematodes in Brazil. Field study data previously published was used to compare three groups: 1) non-dosed; 2) current deworming program with two doses - May and November; and 3) alternative strategic control program with three doses - May, August, and November. An economic sensitivity analysis was performed based on beef carcass price (BCP) variation, thus creating three economic scenarios: 1) more probable (M) using the mean BCP in the studied region; 2) optimistic (O) using the mean BCP plus standard deviation; and 3) pessimistic (P) using the mean BCP minus standard deviation. Stock valuation (SV), operational result (OP), and treatment differential (TD) were calculated for each scenario. Average BCP was US$ 2.93 kg-1 carcass (± US$ 0.27 kg-1 carcass). The mean annual cost of deworming per animal was US$ 5.43 and US$ 7.97 for protocols with two and three doses, respectively. The cost of anthelmintic treatment represented 0.63% and 0.74% of operating results, both in M scenario. TD ranged from 9.5% to 27.6% for the assessed protocols. Regardless of the scenario, the protocol with three annual dosages presented the highest SV and OP, which economically justifies its implementation in strategic control of gastrointestinal nematodes in grazing beef cattle in Central Brazil. These results also demonstrate the relevance of strategic anthelmintic treatments in weaned stocker calves in tropical and humid subtropical areas.

scholarly journals Application of Soft Data in Nodule Resource Estimation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steinar Løve Ellefmo ◽  
Thomas Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Expectation ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Ocean Floor ◽  
Soft Data ◽  
North East ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Harsh Conditions

AbstractMinerals and metals are of uttermost importance in our society, and mineral resources on and beneath the deep ocean floor represent a huge potential. Deciding whether mining from the deep ocean floor is financially, environmentally and technologically feasible requires information. Due to great depths and harsh conditions, this information is expensive and time and resource consuming to obtain. It is therefore important to use every piece of data in an optimum way. In this study, data retrieved from images and expert knowledge were used to estimate minimum and maximum nodule abundances at image locations from an area in the Clarion-Clipperton-Zone of the equatorial North East Pacific. From the minimum and maximum values, box cores and the spatial correlation quantified through variogram, a conditional expectation and associated uncertainty were obtained through the Gibbs sampler. The conditional expectation and the uncertainty were used with the assumed certain abundance data from the box cores in a kriging exercise to obtain better informed estimates of the block by block abundance. The quality assessment of the estimations was done based on distance criterion and on kriging quality indicators like the slope of regression and the weight of the mean. From the original image locations, alternative image configurations were tested, and it was shown that such alternatives produce better estimates, without extra costs. Future improvements will focus on improving the estimation of the minimum and the maximum values at image locations.

scholarly journals Determination of Atrazine in Water by Magnetic Particle Immunoassay: Collaborative Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 529-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C Hayes ◽  
Scott W Jourdan ◽  
David P Herzog ◽  
P Barnes ◽  
C Charan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Collaborative Studies ◽  
Enzyme Conjugate ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
The Mean

Abstract A collaborative study was performed to determine mean recovery and precision for analysis of atrazine in drinking and surface waters by immunoassay. The study design was based on the blind duplicate test plan for collaborative studies. Three blank waters (municipal drinking water, well water, and surface water) were spiked at 3 atrazine levels. Two water samples with naturally incurred atrazine loads were also spiked with atrazine at 3 levels. In the enzyme-linked immunoassay method, the water sample is mixed with a pesticide–enzyme conjugate and added to paramagnetic particles with triazine-specific antibodies attached. After separation of antibody-bound atrazine and atrazine–enzyme conjugate from free components, the bound enzyme conjugate catalyzes a reaction producing a colored end product. The color developed is inversely proportional to the original concentration of atrazine in the water sample. Fourteen laboratories participated in the collaborative study. Data were analyzed for repeatability and reproducibility, and average recoveries at the spike levels were calculated. Over the concentration range tested, the mean recovery of atrazine spiked into blank and pesticide-contaminated waters was 104%. Overall RSDRaveraged about 40% for atrazine concentrations near the method detection limit (0.05 μg/L) and about 15% at concentrations above 5 times the detection limit (0.25 μg/L). Corresponding single-analyst RSDr values were 24 and 10%. Recovery and precision for the 3 blank water matrixes and the waters that had been naturally contaminated with atrazine showed no significant differences. The magnetic particle immunoassay

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