scholarly journals Organisasi Serikat Pekerja Terhadap Kesejahteraan Pekerja atau Buruh di PT. Apac Inti Corpora

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-630
Author(s):  
Sonhaji Sonhaji
Keyword(s):  
Labor Union ◽  
Labor Agreement ◽  
Basic Salary ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Union Role

Abstract This paper aims to understand does the labor union contribute in improving its labor’s warfare in PT. Apac Inti Corpora, the obstacles in order to improve the labor’s warfare in PT. Apac Inti Corpora, the efforts in order to overcome the obstacles. The result of this research shows that SPA / Serikat Pekerja Apacinti (Apacinti Labor Union) is a labor union in PT. Apac Inti Corpora. This SPA is a helping-hand for the employees and labors alike, and it includes contributing in composing PKB / Perjanjian Kerja Bersama (Collective Labor Agreement) Nevertheless, in fact, almost all organizations in which a labor union is formed fail to apply the labor agreement. As far as concerned, this SPA has successfully helped its labors and employees with less obstacles. However, one of the only problems which matters is when SPA receives labor dismissing / laying off report. The SPA considers this problem as aberration, and to resolve it, the SPA holds a bipartite conference with the employers. Unfotunately, the conference fails to resolve. Another solution to resolve this problem is holding another conference, yet this time is a tripartite with Department of Manpower and Transmigration in Semarang, and the latest conference succesfully resolves by giving 70% of basic salary instead of a half, and by giving THR / Tunjangan Hari Raya (Alimony the feast). Keywords :    Labor Union Role;  Labor’s Warfare;  PT. Apac Inti Corpora Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan serikat pekerja/buruh dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan pekerja di PT. Apac Inti Copora, hambatan yang di hadapi dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan pekerja/buruh di PT Apac Inti Corpora, upaya-upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi hambatan yang di hadapi dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan pekerja/buruh di PT Apac Inti Corpora.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Serikat Pekerja Apacinti / SPA merupakan nama organisasi serikat pekerja yang terdapat di PT. Apac Inti Corpora. Peranan Serikat Pekerja di perusahaan ini sangat berpengaruh dalam mensejahterakan pekerja/buruh, termasuk ikut andil dalam menyusun Perjanjian Kerja Bersama (PKB). Hampir semua organisasi di mana terbentuk Serikat Pekerja/Buruh tidak semua mulus dalam menerapkan kesepakatan bersama. Selama ini peran Serikat Pekerja/Buruh dalam mensejahterakan pekerja/buruh di perusahaan ini tidak ada hambatan. Serikat Pekerja Apacinti PT. Apac Inti Corpora baru mengalami suatu hambatan dimana salah satunya adalah adanya permasalahan menonaktifkan karyawan / merumahkan karyawan, ketika dirundingkan masih gagal dalam bermediasi karena belum menemukan titik terang. Upaya-upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut adalah berupa pertemuan Tripartit dengan Dinas Sosial Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi Kabupaten Semarang dan permasalahan dapat terselesaikan dengan kata sepakat bahwa tetap diberi upah 70% dan Tunjangan Hari Raya (THR). Kata Kunci: Peranan Serikat Pekerja; Kesejahteraan Pekerja; PT. Apac Inti Corpora.

scholarly journals Comparison between Public and Private Pay Structures in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
N Sultana ◽  
PC Modak
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
Basic Salary ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Monthly Salary

A survey was carried out during the period from July to December 2002 to see comparison between public and private pay structures in Bangladesh. To evaluate the public pay structure 120 respondents of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) were interviewed through semi-structured questionnaire. The respondents were categorized in 8 different categories. Information of their monthly salary, income tax etc. were checked against their pay-bills and income tax information as supplier by the employer. The secondary data on also collected personally by researcher himselves Pay-structure of different organizations, National pay scales and Price indices. It was found that almost all employees including teachers and officers are facing constraints to maintain their families with income from their job. About 65.5% of their expenditure is getting from their salaries. More than 36% of the employees (including teachers and officers) failed to manage their family expenditure with income from job and extra job. National Pay scale 1997 reduced sufficiently the disparity between the highest and the lowest salary to 10:1 whereas in 1991 the ratio was 11.11:1. In private sectors like Pubali Bank Limited (PBL), Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited (IBL) and Uttara Bank Limited (UBL) the disparity between the highest and the lowest salary were found 21.1:1, 25.29:1 and 26:1 respectively. But disparity in NPS does not ensure the equity, fairness and justice to the civil servants or employees because salaries were not sufficient to cover the cost of as well as livelihood. The maximum salary one can draw is TK.23800 when a person is in the highest grade according to NPS 1997. On the other hand, in private organizations one can draw the highest amount of TK. 90500 which is more than 3.80 times of the highest amount drawn as per NPS 1997. House rent of private sectors varies from 65.4% to 104% (including house maintenance) where as in public sectors it varies from 40% to 55% of basic salary. Consequently, the living conditions of the service holders of lower income groups have been drastically reducing. The minimum salary ratio is to be suggested between the highest and the lowest position should be 5:1. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v8i1-2.14631 J. Sci. Foundation, 8(1&2): 89-96, June-December 2010

scholarly journals Unions in the postal services of the future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Kalbermatter ◽  
Simon Schaupp ◽  
Verena Hartleitner ◽  
Oliver Nachtwey
Keyword(s):  
Labor Union ◽  
Temporary Work ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Postal Services ◽  
Work Intensification ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Specific Technology

This study is an explorative analysis of labor union representatives’ assessment of digital transformation in the postal and logistics sector and the consequences for union activities in different regions of the world. It consists of two parts: Part I is a review of existing research on the topic of digitalization and labor relations in the postal and logistics sector. Part II represents the core of the study, consisting of a qualitative survey of union representatives from that sector regarding their stance towards digitalization and respective union strategies. The sample consists of 29 detailed written statements of union representatives from all continents, answering to a set of open questions. The study shows that in almost all of the regions, digital technologies are the basic technological infrastructure that enables postal work. There is a set of specific technology bundles which are consistently used in all of these regions. The surveyed union representatives consistently report a net job loss as a consequence of digitalization, although it also has created some new jobs. They also indicate an increase in precarious forms of employment, such as subcontracting, temporary work or bogus self-employment. In terms of working conditions, respondents refer to work facilitation through automation and digital assistance. However, they also underline that especially algorithmic work control leads to increased surveillance and work intensification. This intensification of work is perceived in turn as a factor in increased stress and thus as a risk for workers’ health. Yet, respondents also see the potential for digital systems to prevent accidents. Overall, the surveyed union representatives see digitalization as inevitable. Yet, they consistently argue that new regulations are needed because older standards often times do not address the specific problems of digitalized work.

Labor Union Role in Patient Safety

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 885-885
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Sleigh
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Labor Union ◽  
Union Role

Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan T. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

SEM Cold Stage Techniques for the Observation of Vegetative and Floral Apices of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Plants

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 590-591
Author(s):  
B. K. Kirchoff ◽  
L.F. Allard ◽  
W.C. Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cell Collapse ◽  
Conductive Paint ◽  
Carbon Based

In attempting to use the SEM to investigate the transition from the vegetative to the floral state in oat (Avena sativa L.) it was discovered that the procedures of fixation and critical point drying (CPD), and fresh tissue examination of the specimens gave unsatisfactory results. In most cases, by using these techniques, cells of the tissue were collapsed or otherwise visibly distorted. Figure 1 shows the results of fixation with 4.5% formaldehyde-gluteraldehyde followed by CPD. Almost all cellular detail has been obscured by the resulting shrinkage distortions. The larger cracks seen on the left of the picture may be due to dissection damage, rather than CPD. The results of observation of fresh tissue are seen in Fig. 2. Although there is a substantial improvement over CPD, some cell collapse still occurs.Due to these difficulties, it was decided to experiment with cold stage techniques. The specimens to be observed were dissected out and attached to the sample stub using a carbon based conductive paint in acetone.

Electron microscopy studies of plasma-sprayed materials

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
K.R. Subramanian ◽  
A.H. King ◽  
H. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Spraying ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Metallic Substrates ◽  
Hot Plasma ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Plasma Sprayed ◽  
Hostile Environments ◽  
Plasma Spraying Process

Plasma spraying is a technique which is used to apply coatings to metallic substrates for a variety of purposes, including hardfacing, corrosion resistance and thermal barrier applications. Almost all of the applications of this somewhat esoteric fabrication technique involve materials in hostile environments and the integrity of the coatings is of paramount importance: the effects of process variables on such properties as adhesive strength, cohesive strength and hardness of the substrate/coating system, however, are poorly understood.Briefly, the plasma spraying process involves forming a hot plasma jet with a maximum flame temperature of approximately 20,000K and a gas velocity of about 40m/s. Into this jet the coating material is injected, in powder form, so it is heated and projected at the substrate surface. Relatively thick metallic or ceramic coatings may be speedily built up using this technique.

Vacuum System to Minimize the Specimen Contamination of High-Performance EM

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
N. Yoshimura ◽  
K. Shirota ◽  
T. Etoh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Diffusion Pump ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cascade Type

One of the most important requirements for a high-performance EM, especially an analytical EM using a fine beam probe, is to prevent specimen contamination by providing a clean high vacuum in the vicinity of the specimen. However, in almost all commercial EMs, the pressure in the vicinity of the specimen under observation is usually more than ten times higher than the pressure measured at the punping line. The EM column inevitably requires the use of greased Viton O-rings for fine movement, and specimens and films need to be exchanged frequently and several attachments may also be exchanged. For these reasons, a high speed pumping system, as well as a clean vacuum system, is now required. A newly developed electron microscope, the JEM-100CX features clean high vacuum in the vicinity of the specimen, realized by the use of a CASCADE type diffusion pump system which has been essentially improved over its predeces- sorD employed on the JEM-100C.

Quantitative Freeze Fracture Studies of Gap Junctions in Somatic Cell Hybrids, Their Parents, and Revertants

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 218-219
Author(s):  
W. J. Larsen ◽  
R. Azarnia ◽  
W. R. Loewenstein
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Dye Molecules ◽  
Somatic Cell Hybrids ◽  
Cell Coupling ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Mediate Cell ◽  
Almost All

Although the physiological significance of the gap junction remains unspecified, these membrane specializations are now recognized as common to almost all normal cells (excluding adult striated muscle and some nerve cells) and are found in organisms ranging from the coelenterates to man. Since it appears likely that these structures mediate the cell-to-cell movement of ions and small dye molecules in some electrical tissues, we undertook this study with the objective of determining whether gap junctions in inexcitable tissues also mediate cell-to-cell coupling.To test this hypothesis, a coupling, human Lesh-Nyhan (LN) cell was fused with a non-coupling, mouse cl-1D cell, and the hybrids, revertants, and parental cells were analysed for coupling with respect both to ions and fluorescein and for membrane junctions with the freeze fracture technique.

Analytical Electron Microscopy Study of Second-Phase Particles in 7075 and 7475 Aluminum Alloys

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 348-349
Author(s):  
M. Raghavan ◽  
J. Y. Koo ◽  
J. W. Steeds ◽  
B. K. Park
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Electron Microscopy Study ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
Almost All

X-ray microanalysis and Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction (CBD) studies were conducted to characterize the second phase particles in two commercial aluminum alloys -- 7075 and 7475. The second phase particles studied were large (approximately 2-5μm) constituent phases and relatively fine ( ∼ 0.05-1μn) dispersoid particles, Figures 1A and B. Based on the crystal structure and chemical composition analyses, the constituent phases found in these alloys were identified to be Al7Cu2Fe, (Al,Cu)6(Fe,Cu), α-Al12Fe3Si, Mg2Si, amorphous silicon oxide and the modified 6Fe compounds, in decreasing order of abundance. The results of quantitative X-ray microanalysis of all the constituent phases are listed in Table I. The data show that, in almost all the phases, partial substitution of alloying elements occurred resulting in small deviations from the published stoichiometric compositions of the binary and ternary compounds.

High-resolution scanning electron microscopy in biology

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Keiichi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Metal Coating ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
Ultrahigh Resolution ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Charging Effect ◽  
Scanning Electron

With the development of scanning electron microscope (SEM) with ultrahigh resolution, SEM became to play an important role in not only cytology but also molecular biology. However, the preparation methods observing tiny specimens with such high resolution SEM are not yet established.Although SEM specimens are usually coated with metals for getting electrical conductivity, it is desirable to avoid the metal coating for high resolution SEM, because the coating seriously affects resolution at this level, unless special coating techniques are used. For avoiding charging effect without metal coating, we previously reported a method in which polished carbon plates were used as substrate. In the case almost all incident electrons penetrate through the specimens and do not accumulate in them, when the specimens are smaller than 10nm. By this technique some biological macromolecules including ribosomes, ferritin, immunoglobulin G were clearly observed.Unfortunately some other molecules such as apoferritin, thyroglobulin and immunoglobulin M were difficult to be observed only by the method, because they had very low contrast and were easily damaged by electron beam.

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