CORPORATION CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY MODEL BASED ON RESTORATIVE JUSTICE APPROACH IN INDONESIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Pujiyono Pujiyono
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Corporate Crime ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Solution Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Track System ◽  
Responsibility Model

Based on delinquiry non-potes doctrine, perpetrator and criminal responsibility are done by human (natuurlijk persoonen). Modernity can not be avoided by the development of corporation function. A research is needed to be conducted to answer questions whether criminal law is effective to overcome corporate crime and which corporation criminal responsibility model that can keep the balance of the protection of society and corporation interests through restorative justice approach. This study focuses on finding a win-win solution model of corporation criminal responsibility policy to keep the balance of the protection of society and corporation interests. This study used normative juridical method based on the secondary data,. The result of this research shows that criminal law with its retributive approach and its action which focus on the perpetrator is ineffective to handle corporate crime, because it ignores the victim To overcome those problems, corporation criminal responsibility model based on restorative justice approach in the form of “dual track system selective” is introduced.  Keywords: Criminal Responsibility, Corporation and Restorative Justice

scholarly journals PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PARTAI TERHADAP CALON ANGGOTA LEGISLATIF YANG MELAKUKAN TINDAK PIDANA PEMILU (Accountability of Party Against Legislative Candidates Who Conduct Criminal Act of Election)

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Mohd Din ◽  
Ida Keumala Jeumpa ◽  
Nursiti Nursiti
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Two Stages

This research aimed to study how the party`s accountability for offences committed by legislative candidates. What action that taken by a party of electoral violations and whether the party can be charged for. In the doctrine of Criminal Law known by criminal responsibility related to offenders, and in progress subject to criminal law, not only individual but institution or agency or corporation/firms. So, they should be responsible for it. It was a normative legal research, studying the principles of law related to criminal responsibility. Collecting data were done by two stages that were literature and field research. The first aimed to obtain secondary data namely, law material ;primary, secondary and tertiary. And then, the second, collecting data with an in-depth interview with certain key informant. It used a qualitative method.The result showed that party never asked for their responsibility related to offences by legislative candidates who committed election crime because the act did not rule it. The party had not take action associated with offences were done by them. Politic party as cooperation/firms ideally should take account to candidates who conducted the crime. It was a necessary regulation that managed its accountability as in cooperation. Besides, the party should give politics education and strict sanctions to them who did despicable manners. Key words: accountability, party, election of criminal act, legislative ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji bagaimana pertanggungjawaban partai terhadap pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh Calon Anggota Legislatif, Apa tindakan yang diambil oleh partai terhadap pelanggaran pemilu yang dilakukan oleh Calon Anggota  Legislatif dan apakah  partai dapat dipersalahkan terhadap pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh Calon Anggota legislatif. Hal ini dilatarbelakangi oleh karena di dalam doktrin hukum pidana dikenal adanya pertanggungjawaban pidana yang dikaitkan dengan pelaku, dan dalam perkembangannya subyek hukum pidana bukan hanya orang perorangan, malainkan juga suatu badan atau korporasi. Sehingga yang dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban adalah juga suatu badan atau korporasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, yang mengkaji asas hukum yang terkait dengan pertanggungjawaban pidana, namun demikian diperlukan data lapangan sebagai pelengkap. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dua tahap yaitu penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan. Penelitian Kepustakaan (library research), untuk memperoleh data sekunder  berupa bahan hukum; primer, sekunder dan tertier. Penelitian lapangan dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam (deptintevew) dengan narasumber yang ditentukan. Data yang terkumpul baik dari hasil penelitian lapangan maupun dari penelitian kepustakaan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Partai tidak pernah dimintai pertanggungjawaban sehubungan dengan pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh calon anggota legislatif yang melakukan tindak pidana Pemilu, karena Undang-undang  tidak mengatur pertanggungjawaban Partai terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh calon anggota ligeslatif. Partai tidak pernah melakukan tindakan terkait dengan calon legislatif yang melakukan pelanggaran. Partai Politik sebagai Korporasi idealnya juga harus bertanggungjawab terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh calon anggota legislatif. Diperlukan regulasi  yang mengatur pertanggungjawaban partai terhadap tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh Calon anggota legislatif sebagaimana pertanggungjawaban dalam tindak pidana korporasi. Di samping itu, hendaknya partai melakukan pendidikan politik kepada anggotanya dan memberikan sanksi tegas kepada anggota partai politik yang merlakukan perbuatan yang tercela. Kata Kunci: Tindak pidana Pemilu

CRIMINAL LAW FORMULATION POLICIES RELATED TO CORPORATE CRIME

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
I Kadek Darma Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Corporate Crime ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Structure

The role of corporations today dominates daily life, especially with the increasing needs of the community. It's no longer a country that provides needs, but corporations. Corporations can increase state wealth and labor, but the revolutionary economic and political structure has caused great corporate power, so that the state can be influenced in accordance with its interests. Based on this background, a problem arises namely how the policy of formulation of criminal law enforcement so far for corporations that commit criminal acts as well as how the policy of formulation of criminal law in dealing with corporate criminal acts in the future. The research method used in this study is normative juridical using secondary data. Data collection is done by collecting and analyzing relevant library materials. Furthermore, the data are analyzed in a qualitative normative manner by interpreting and constructing statements contained in documents and legislation. The conclusion of this research is the regulation of sanctions regarding inconsistent corporate criminal acts. Inconsistencies in determining or imposing maximum fines imposed on corporations, there is no uniformity in determining when a corporation can be said to have committed a crime, regarding who can be held accountable or prosecuted and convicted, and the formulation of types of criminal that can be imposed on the corporation that commits criminal act.

scholarly journals REFORMULATION OF THE CRIMINAL LIABILITY AS AN ACTOR OF ONLINE PROSTITUTION: A NORMATIVE STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
Subaidah Ratna Juita
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Normative Study ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Concrete Form ◽  
Legal Sense

One of the rational efforts used to tackle online prostitution activity is with the approach of criminal law through criminal law formulation as a concrete form of criminal responsibility to the perpetrators of online prostitution. There is no provision that regulates the criminal to the users of online prostitution services because of the maximum prevention of online prostitution itself. If there is no national regulation governing the matter, online prostitution users will feel secure and remain free to buy services for their satisfaction alone, while it is contrary to various aspects of norms in the ethical norms of society. Therefore a criminal law is required, related to criminal liability for users of online prostitution services. The method used is normative juridical, ie by examining or analyzing secondary data using basic materials, with legal sense as a set of rules or positive norms in the legislation system that regulates prostitution online, as well as using secondary legal materials, and tertiary. So this research is library research (library research), that is research to secondary data. Thus, the juridical-normative approach in the study is used to analyze issues relating to criminal law reform regarding criminal liability to online prostitution actor.

scholarly journals MENGUJI KONSEP PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI

Yuridika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Corporate Crime ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Penal Code ◽  
Criminal Sanction ◽  
Legal Entity ◽  
Legal Consequences ◽  
Legal Entities

An entity, either a legal or the non legal “entity’’ which all were discussed in the same outline of corporate crime responsibility. It was often, though, in several laws aside from the Penal Code of Indonesia (KUHP), both in Criminal Law and Administrative Law with criminal sanction,that corporate is defined as a collection of organized people and or wealth, either as a legal or the non legal entity. The definitions in those laws are really different from those of law experts, especially those of criminal law who basically identify corporate as a legal entity, however the same is not true for those of the non legal entity. Such differences of the legal and non legal entities would bring their own legal consequences, therefore they could not and would not be treated the same referring to corporate criminal responsibility.Keywords: corporate criminal responsibility, legal entity, non legal entity.

scholarly journals Responsibilities Of The Corporate Director Against The Dark Criminal Action In The Position Based On The Decision Of The Court Sumber Of Cirebon Regency (Studies on Decision No.202 / Pid.B / 2019 / PN.Sbr)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Junaidi Junaidi ◽  
Sri Endah Wahyuningsih ◽  
Ira Alia Maerani
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Corporate Crime ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Sociological Approach

The problems of this study were 1) corporate position as the subject of criminal law in Indonesia? 2) law enforcement against corporations as subjects of a criminal offense of embezzlement in office at the Court Sumber of Cirebon Regency? 3) accountability of corporate directors to the crime of embezzlement in office by Court Sumber of Cirebon Regency.The method used by researchers is sociological approach juridical law and specification in this study were included descriptive analysis. The source and types of data in this study are primary data obtained from interviews with field studies The defendant and the Legal Counsel in prisons Cirebon, And secondary data obtained from the study of literature. Data were analyzed qualitatively.Based on the results of this study are The position of the corporation as a subject of criminal law in particular is currently only recognized in the Act governing the criminal offense outside the Criminal Code. Law enforcement has inkracht / final until a court decision with the principle of lex generalis / delict general, instead of using the principle of lex sepesialis for in the Penal Code there is no article regulating the criminal offense of corporate (Company Law) Law Company Limited of the Republic of Indonesia No. 40 of 2007 . Accountability director of the corporation against the crime of embezzlement in a position based on the decision of the Court Sumber of Cirebon Regency is from the start (LP) Police Report Number: LP B / 446 / X / 2017 / Jabar / RES CRB dated October 8, 2018 and has been decided by the Court in decision Number 202 / Pid.B / 2019 / PN Sbr.Keywords : Responsibility; Corporate; Crime; Fraud; Position.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN INDONESIAN GENERAL COURTS(BASED ON THE DECREE OF THE DIRECTOR- GENERAL OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-434
Author(s):  
Haposan Sahala Raja Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Director General ◽  
Supreme Courts ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Republic

The shift in punishment in the criminal justice system prioritizes justice for victims and perpetrators of criminal acts in addition to alternative punish- ments such as social work and others carried out with a restorative justice approach. Focusing on the process  of  direct  criminal  responsibility  from the perpetrator to the victim and society, if the perpetrator and victim and  the community whose rights have been violated feel that justice has been achieved through collective deliberation efforts, punishment can be avoided. The perpetrator is not the main object of the restorative justice approach,   but the sense of justice and conflict recovery itself are the main objects. The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia, on December 22 2020, through the Director-General of the General Courts Agency, has made Decree Number: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020 concerning the Enforcement of Guidelines for the Implementation of Restorative Justice in the Indonesian General Courts. With the normative juridical research method, with the nature of qualitative descriptive research, by examining secondary data obtained through the Decree of the Director-General of the General Courts of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020 and other related regulations which has relevance to the implementation of restorative justice in the Indonesian general courts’ environment. The results of the research show the implementation of restorative justice in the Indonesian general courts, as stated in the Decree of the Director-General of the Supreme Courts Number: 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020, which must apply and be applied by all district courts in Indonesia, especially in terms of case settlement in action. Minor offenses, child cases, women in conflict with the law and nar- cotics cases. The existence of alternative case resolution through restorative justice can realize the principles of fast, simple and low cost with balanced justice.

scholarly journals The Legal Policy of Corporation Legal Standing as Rechtpersoon at Indonesian Criminal Justice System

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
. Maryano ◽  
. Yuhelson
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Corporate Crime ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
General Nature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Legal Standing ◽  
The Impact

<p>Feature of corporation as activities-oriented for profit can lead to potential violations law or corporate crime. The criminal action corporations can arised because the impact of corporate activities arising from business contracts, product quality problems, failure of information technology systems and negligence of the administrative requirements for business licensing compliance. In other words, the legal entity of crime was often referred as corporate crime as violations committed by businesses to profit more quickly and maintains the company's reputation. The study concluded, first, the political dimension of the criminal law on corporation has general nature, that political criminal law founded in Criminal Code Bill which are oriented to the development of law by placing the corporation as a criminal, and need a codification law of Corporation. Second, The political criminal law also has special nature, which is found in 16 laws examined, in the contexts of criminal responsibility concepts and application of pattern of criminalas well as models of criminal sanctions can be imposed on perpetrators of criminal acts of the corporation.</p><p>Keywords: Corporate crime of law politics, legal standing, subject crime of law. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> </p>

scholarly journals LIABILITY OF CORPORATION FOR EMBEZZLEMENT OF VENTURE CAPITAL FUNDS (Case Study: embezzlement of Venture Capital Funds in PT. Tata Wiratama)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Elya Kusuma Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Corporate Crime ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Director General ◽  
The Impact

This doctrinal research explained the practice of corporate crime modus. The primary data was interview result with Director General, who was share buyer, meanwhile, secondary data was company document that was related to the case, and it was analyzed qualitatively by hermeneutic interpretation techniques. Furthermore, research result showed that the impact of corporate crime law was the company must be liable in either criminal law or civil law although the managers of the company had changed.

scholarly journals FENOMENA HUKUM AKIBAT MEKANISME CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM DAN KEADILAN RESTORATIF DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN UTILITARIANISME

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Saut Parulian Manurung
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Track System ◽  
Double Track

AbstractIn this study aims to determine the legal phenomena that arise as a result of the criminal justice system, as a reflection of the development of criminal law both at the theoretical and practical level. The findings in this research are based on two approaches namely the statute approach as an approach based on the rule of law and the conceptual approach based on the conceptual approach. There are 3 (three) findings of legal phenomena in this study, namely: first, the presence of a double track system in the criminal mechanism in Indonesia. Secondly, there is a phenomenon of paradigm shifting the character of punishment in Indonesia and third, re-measuring restorative justice in the form of diversion mechanism based on the perspective of utilitarianism. In principle, crime is always closely related to criminal sanctions, but in the double track criminal system is directed at criminal actions. On the other hand, the phenomenon of paradigm shift in the character of punishment occurs in the juvenile justice system, namely the approach to criminal responsibility is done by bargaining an agreement between the perpetrators, victims and community involvement. Furthermore, measuring restorative justice based on a utility perspective, this finding found coherence between restorative justice in the form of diversion and utilitarianism. Therefore, the overall legal phenomena above are some manifestations of the legal reality that is present in the criminal system in Indonesia.Keywords: criminal paradigm shift; double track system; utilitarianismAbstrakPada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena-fenomena hukum yang timbul akibat dari sistem peradilan pidana, sebagai suatu refleksi atas perkembangan hukum pidana baik pada tataran teoritis maupun praktik. Penemuan dalam penelitian didasari dengan dua pendekatan yaitu statute approach sebagai suatu pendekatan berdasarkan peraturan undang-undang dan conceptual approach yang didasari dengan pendekatan koseptual. Terdapat 3 (tiga) temuan fenomena hukum dalam penelitian ini yaitu: pertama, hadirnya double track system dalam mekanisme pemidanaan di Indonesia. Kedua, adanya fenomena pergeseran paradigma karakter pemidanaan di Indonesia dan ketiga, menakar kembali keadilan restoratif dalam bentuk mekanisme diversi berdasarkan perspektif utilitarianisme. Pada prinsipnya kejahatan tindak pidana selalu erat hubungannya dengan pidana sanksi namun dalam double track system pemidanaan diarahkan pada pidana tindakan. Di sisi lain, fenomena pergeseran paradigma karakter pemidanaan terjadi pada sistem peradilan pidana anak, yaitu pendekatan pertanggungjawaban pidana dilakukkan dengan cara bargaining kesepakatan antara pelaku, korban dan keterlibatan masyarakat. Selanjutnya menakar keadilan restoratif berdasarkan perspektif utilitis, dalam temuan ini ditemukan koherensi antara keadilan restoratif dalam bentuk diversi dengan aliran utilitarianisme. Oleh karena itu, keseluruhan fenomena-fenomena hukum tersebut diatas merupakan beberapa wujud kenyataan hukum yang hadir di sistem pidana di Indonesia.Kata kunci: double track system, pergeseran paradigma pidana, utilitarianisme

scholarly journals PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA DALAM MENANGGULANGI TINDAK PIDANA PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN SUNGAI CITARUM MELALUI PENDEKATAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-170
Author(s):  
T. Subarsyah
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
River Pollution ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Qualitative Models

Abstract – The Citarum river pollution by corporations in a massive way makes the ecosystem of rivers to be concerned. Criminal sanctions against corporations are expressly enforced. Criminal sanctions are deemed not to meet the sense of fairness so restorative justice approach to corporations becomes an alternative. The restorative Model of justice is considered effective for the restoration of environmental conditions as a penalty rather than criminal with the nature of Ultimum Remedium. Dialogis and mediation are tools to resolve criminal issues in fairness in court Laur. The research method with a normative juridical approach is to study various laws and regulations, as well as the principles of restorative justice with the support of secondary data through library research and analyzed with qualitative models. The results of the study, the criminal law of corporate environmental crimes can be spared criminal sanctions through social and environmental fines, reducing the buildup of matters through the discretion of law enforcement, minimising economic, ecological, and social conflicts and the lives of the environment along with local wisdom.  Abstrak – pencemaran sungai Citarum oleh korporasi secara masif membuat ekosistem bantaran sungai mengkhawatirkan. Sanksi pidana terhadap korporasi secara tegas diterapkan. Sanksi pidana dipandang tidak memenuhi rasa keadilan sehingga pendekatan restorative justice terhadap korporasi menjadi alternatif. Model restoratif justice ini dipandang efektif untuk pemulihan kondisi lingkungan sebagai hukuman denda ketimbang pidana dengan sifat ultimum remedium. Dialogis dan mediasi adalah alat untuk menuntaskan persoalan perkara pidana secara berkeadilan di laur pengadilan. Metode penelitian dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif yakni menelaah berbagai peraturan dan perundang-undangan berlaku, serta asas-asas restorative justice dengan dukungan data sekunder melalui teknik studi pustaka (library research) dan dianalisis dengan model kualitatif. Hasil penelitian, hukum pidana kejahatan lingkungan korporasi dapat terhindar sanksi pidana melalui denda sosial dan lingkungan, mengurangi penumpukan perkara melalui diskresi penegak hukum, minimalisir kerugian ekonomi, ekologis, dan konflik sosial serta lestarinya lingkungan hidup seiring dengan kearifan lokal.

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