scholarly journals Effect of napier grass supplemented with Gliricidia sepium, Sapindus rarak or Hibiscus rosa-sinensis on in vitro rumen fermentation profiles and methanogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
P. Yuliana ◽  
E. B. Laconi ◽  
A. Jayanegara ◽  
S. S. Achmadi ◽  
A. A. Samsudin
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Methanogen Population ◽  
Range Test ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

This study examined the supplementation effects of gliricidia leaves(GL, Gliricidia sepium), lerak fruit(LF, Sapindus rarak), or hibiscusleaves(HL, Hibiscusrosa-sinensis) on in vitro rumen fermentation and methanogenesis and made a comparisonwith the Napier grass (NG, Pennisetum purpureum) grass. In vitro rumen fermentation was designed according to a randomized complete block design with four replications and seven treatments: NG, GL, LF, HL, NG 70% + GL 30%, NG 70% + LF 30%and NG 70% + HL 30%. The generated data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Duncan’s multiple range test and compared among treatment means.Addition of a plant containing saponin such as LF or HL to NG did not alter gas production after 24 and 48 h of incubation period in comparison to NG alone.The HLalone or blended with NGproduced the highest IVOMDduring the fermentation processas compared to other treatments (P<0.05). Adding LF supplement either singly or in combination significantly (P<0.05) reduced methane production in terms of %TVFA as compared to NG. Supplementation of LF plants has shifted VFA proportion towards more propionate and less acetate. The microbial population of LF, whether single or in combination had a tendency to reduce the rumen protozoa population but had no effect on methanogen population. It can be concluded that utilization of saponin-rich materials is particularly beneficial for reducing ruminal methane emission.

scholarly journals Enhance in-vitro rumen fermentation of Panicum maximum with biological supplements

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Sumudu Chathurika ◽  
Sathya Sujani ◽  
Ariyathilaka Manawadu ◽  
Thakshala Seresinhe
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Tridax Procumbens ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

<p class="abstrak2">Recently the utilization of biological feed additives over chemical feed additives in animal feeds have increased. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing wild guinea grass (panicum maximum) with two plant species, artocarpus heterophyllus (jack leaves; ah) and tridax procumbens (Tp) containing plant secondary metabolites tannin and saponin, respectively and the enzyme product dyadic cellulase (Ce) and yeast (Ye). For each suplement two levels of treatments were tested. In plant-based suplements 20 (Aht1, Tpt1) and 30% (Aht2 and Tpt2) substituted the base substrate. The enzyme was applied as 10 µl (Cet1) and 20 µl (Cet2) and yeast as 4 mg (Yet1) and 6 mg (Yet2). the experimental design was a randomized complete block design (rcbd) and the period of in vitro rumen fermentation incubation was 72 hrs. All treatments significantly (P &lt; 0.05) enhanced the in vitro gas production (Ivgp) compared with the control. Treatments of ah and ce significantly (P &lt; 0.05) improved the in vitro rumen dry matter degradability (ivrdmd). All treatments significantly (P&lt;0.05) suppressed the ruminal protozoa population as compared to the control. Ammonia nitrogen (Nh3-N) production was not significantly (P&gt;0.05) influenced with supplements. in conclusion, treatments enhanced the rumen fermentation in means of enhanced ivgp, ivrdmd and reduced protozoa numbers.</p>

scholarly journals The Use of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Ruminant Probiotic Candidates Based on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roni Ridwan ◽  
Win Ariga Bungsu ◽  
Wulansih Dwi Astuti ◽  
Rohmatussolihat Rohmatussolihat ◽  
Nurul Fitri Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Serum Bottle ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Uncultured Bacteria ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

This research was conducted to select, to identify LAB isolates and to investigate the effects of the LAB as probiotics candidate in the rumen fermentation. Nine isolates exhibited the potency as candidate probiotics for cattle. The experiment was arranged in randomized block design with ten treatments and three different times of in vitro as a block. The substrate consisted of 70% forage and 30% concentrate proportion. The substrate was incubated at 39oC using serum bottle of 100 ml capacity for fermentation. Approximately 0.75 g of substrates was put inside the serum bottle glass and filled with 73 ml of buffered rumen fluid and 2 ml of LAB inoculant. Gas production was measured every 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of the incubation period. Gas production kinetic was estimated by the Ørskov’s equation. The LAB with the highest gas production, as probiotics candidate, were identified using partial 16S rDNA sequence. The results of this research indicated that nine LAB produced high gas production in the range of 193-198 ml compare to that of control (173 ml). The addition of LAB in rumen fermentation resulted in digestibility 65-75%, organic matter digestibility 51-73%, and 6.67-6.68 pH. Based on the molecular identification, 8 isolates are Lactobacillus plantarum and 1 of uncultured bacteria. The LAB strain 32 L. plantarum showed the best for a ruminant probiotic candidate based on the in vitro rumen fermentation characteristic.

scholarly journals Pilot Study of the Effects of Polyphenols from Chestnut Involucre on Methane Production, Volatile Fatty Acids, and Ammonia Concentration during In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Yichong Wang ◽  
Sijiong Yu ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Nutritional strategies can be employed to mitigate greenhouse emissions from ruminants. This article investigates the effects of polyphenols extracted from the involucres of Castanea mollissima Blume (PICB) on in vitro rumen fermentation. Three healthy Angus bulls (350 ± 50 kg), with permanent rumen fistula, were used as the donors of rumen fluids. A basic diet was supplemented with five doses of PICB (0%–0.5% dry matter (DM)), replicated thrice for each dose. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), ammonia nitrogen concentration (NH3-N), and methane (CH4) yield were measured after 24 h of in vitro fermentation, and gas production was monitored for 96 h. The trial was carried out over three runs. The results showed that the addition of PICB significantly reduced NH3-N (p < 0.05) compared to control. The 0.1%–0.4% PICB significantly decreased acetic acid content (p < 0.05). Addition of 0.2% and 0.3% PICB significantly increased the propionic acid content (p < 0.05) and reduced the acetic acid/propionic acid ratio, CH4 content, and yield (p < 0.05). A highly significant quadratic response was shown, with increasing PICB levels for all the parameters abovementioned (p < 0.01). The increases in PICB concentration resulted in a highly significant linear and quadratic response by 96-h dynamic fermentation parameters (p < 0.01). Our results indicate that 0.2% PICB had the best effect on in-vitro rumen fermentation efficiency and reduced greenhouse gas production.

scholarly journals Nutritional Quality and In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics of Silage Prepared with Lucerne, Sweet Maize Stalk, and Their Mixtures

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1205
Author(s):  
Musen Wang ◽  
Fujin Zhang ◽  
Xinxin Zhang ◽  
Ying Yun ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

The objective of this work was to evaluate the pH, chemical composition, minerals, vitamins, and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of silage prepared with lucerne, sweet maize stalk (MS), and their mixtures. Freshly chopped lucerne and MS were combined in ratios of 100:0 (M0, control), 80:20 (M20), 60:40 (M40), 40:60 (M60), 20:80 (M80), and 0:100 (M100) on a fresh matter basis. Each treatment was prepared in triplicate, and a total of eighteen silos were fermented for 65 days. After 65 days of fermentation, the pH values in M0, M20, M40, M60, M80, and M100 silages were 5.47, 4.84, 4.23, 4.13, 3.79, and 3.61, respectively. As the MS proportion in the mixtures increased, silage K, Ca, P, Na, Fe, and Cu concentrations linearly decreased (p < 0.001) and so did vitamins B5 and K1 and α-tocopherol. In vitro rumen dry matter and organic matter degradability, pH, ammonia, total volatile fatty acid, and gas production linearly decreased (p < 0.01), while neutral detergent fiber concentration linearly increased (p < 0.001), with increasing proportion of MS. The in vitro dry matter and organic matter degradability rapidly decreased when the MS percentage was ≥60%. In conclusion, the M40 silage is the most suitable for livestock utilization in local forage production considering the balance of silage pH, nutritional quality, and in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics.

scholarly journals The Role of Condensed Tannins in the In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Kinetics in Ruminant Species: Feeding Type Involved?

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ives C. S. Bueno ◽  
Roberta A. Brandi ◽  
Gisele M. Fagundes ◽  
Gabriela Benetel ◽  
James Pierre Muir
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Fermentation Kinetics ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Feeding Diets

Animal feeding behavior and diet composition determine rumen fermentation responses and its microbial characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the rumen fermentation kinetics of domestic ruminants feeding diets with or without condensed tannins (CT). Holstein dairy cows, Nelore beef cattle, Mediterranean water buffalo, Santa Inês sheep and Saanen goats were used as inoculum donors (three animals of each species). The substrates were maize silage (Zea mays), fresh elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum), Tifton-85 hay (Cynodon spp.) and fresh alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Acacia (Acacia molissima) extract was used as the external CT source. The in vitro semi-automated gas production technique was used to assess the fermentation kinetics. The experimental design was completely randomized with five inoculum sources (animal species), four substrates (feeds) and two treatments (with or without extract). The inclusion of CT caused more severe effects in grazing ruminants than selector ruminants.

The effect of bromoethanesulphonic acid on gas production during an in vitro rumen fermentation

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 193-194
Author(s):  
D. R. Davies ◽  
E. L. Bakewell ◽  
D. K. Leemans ◽  
R. J. Merry
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Transducer ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Microbial Ecosystem ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Microbial Ecosystems ◽  
Presence And Absence ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Pressure transducer technology to measure gas production from microbial ecosystems has been utilized in a number of ways but predominantly for food evaluation. The approach also has considerable potential to increase our understanding of, and ability to manipulate, the rumen microbial ecosystem, but most research to date has concentrated on measurement of total gas production and not composition. The aim of this study was to extend the scope of the gas production technique to the quantitation of component gases, whilst investigating ruminal gas production in the presence and absence of methanogens.

scholarly journals Methanolic extract of Urochloa humidicola on in vitro rumen fermentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-513
Author(s):  
Rafaela Scalise Xavier de Freitas ◽  
Delci de Deus Nepomuceno ◽  
Elisa Cristina Modesto ◽  
Tatiana Pires Pereira ◽  
João Carlos de Carvalho Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the addition of the methanolic extract of Urochloa humidicola at four different concentrations (0, 75, 150, and 250 g L-1) on the in vitro rumen fermentation of Urochloa brizantha. The following variables were evaluated by the in vitro gas production technique: kinetic parameters; rumen degradation of dry matter; and production and concentration of the methane and carbon dioxide gases and of the acetate, propionate, and butyrate short-chain fatty acids. The addition of the methanolic extract reduces the production of gases generated from the degradation of non-fibrous carbohydrates (fraction A) in 9.55, 6.67, and 13.33%, respectively, at the concentrations of 75, 150, and 250 g L-1, compared with the control group, but it negatively affects the degradation of the dry matter of U. brizantha at the concentrations of 150 and 250 g L-1. The extract shows negative quadratic effect on gas production during 12 and 24 hours of U. brizantha incubation. The extract of U. humidicola reduces methane production and increases short-chain fatty acid production at the concentrations of 75, 150, and 250 g L-1.

Dietary dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) peel powder improved in vitro rumen fermentation and gas production kinetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1531-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maharach Matra ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Suban Foiklang ◽  
Chaowarit Mapato
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Kinetics ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Hylocereus Undatus ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

Effect of type and inclusion level of cold-pressed oilseed cakes on in vitro rumen fermentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Benhissi ◽  
A. García-Rodríguez ◽  
I. Beltrán de Heredia
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
High Fat ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Fat Level ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Cold Pressed ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

The current study was conducted to explore the impact of inclusion of different types and levels of cold-pressed oilseed cakes on in vitro rumen fermentation and gas production parameters. Two batch fermentation trials (24 and 96 h) were conducted using the in vitro gas production technique. In each trial, three types of lipid sources [palm fat (PF), cold-pressed rapeseed cake (CPRC) and cold-pressed sunflower cake (CPSC)] × two levels of total fat (30 and 60 g/kg DM) were evaluated. Incubated substrates were made from iso-energetic and isoproteic basal mixtures of barley straw and concentrate (ratio 10 : 90). During the 24-h incubation trial, samples were collected 24 h post-incubation to measure volatile fatty acids (VFA) and methane production. The 96-h incubation was used to assess the rate and extent of in vitro gas production. CPSC showed lower total VFA (P < 0.001) and methane (P < 0.001) production, compared with PF and CPRC. High fat level decreased total VFA (P < 0.001) and methane (P < 0.001) production compared with low level of inclusion. Molar proportions of individual VFA and acetate to propionate ratio were not affected by lipid supplementation. CPSC reduced (P = 0.006) asymptotic gas production at high fat level, compared with PF and CPRC. Neither supplementation level nor type of lipid affected the fractional gas production rate or lag time. In conclusion, there was no difference in ruminal fermentation when either CPRC or PF were added but CPSC altered microbial fermentation in vitro at a total fat level of 60 g/kg DM.

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