scholarly journals Phytochemical screening of two Ilam native plants Ziziphus nummularia (Burm.f.) Wight & Arn. and Ziziphus spina-christi (Mill.) Georgi using HS-SPME and GC-MS spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Bahmani ◽  
Anahita Jalilian ◽  
Iraj Salimikia ◽  
Somayeh Shahsavari ◽  
Naser Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Alpha Pinene ◽  
Ziziphus Nummularia ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes

Essential oils are aromatic compounds widely used in the perfumery, pharmaceutical and food industries. There are several methods to extract essential oils and extracts. These methods include distillation, pressure or scraping, pressing and razor technique, headspace solid-phase micro extraction (HS-SPME), solvent extraction, extraction by bioactive hydrolyzing enzymes, and CO2 extraction. The aim of this study was to investigate the amounts of active ingredients of essential oils of medicinal plants Ziziphus nummularia and Ziziphus spina-christi by HS-SPME so that it can more easily move towards production of effective herbal remedies by identifying the main and active ingredients of the plants. The main chemical compound of Z. spina-christi essential oil was found to be trans-caryophyllene (17.31%), followed by alpha-pinene (15.50%), beta-caryophyllene (10.86%), and beta-pinene (7.32%). The main compound of Z. nummularia essential oil was tetradecane (16.76%), followed by hexadecane (9.35%), dl-limonene (5.75%), cyclohexan-1-ol, 3 meth (5.54%), trans-caryophyllene (5.47%), and beta-myrcene (5.28%). Chemical compounds of Ziziphus spina-christi included carbobicyclic or bicycleheptane, sesquiterpenes derived from germacrene, bicyclic monoterpenes, and monoterpenes, while the main compounds of Z. nummularia included monoterpenes, aliphatic hydrocarbons, alkane hydrocarbons, primary terpene compounds, and decarbonated alcohol. Identification of chemical and biological constituents of essential oils of medicinal plants is a valuable way to identify medicinal compounds that can be used to treat diseases by combining the traditional effects and the main compounds in the experimental pharmacy studies.

An Evidence-Based Review of Antitussive Herbs Containing Essential Oils in Traditional Persian Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayda Hosseinkhani ◽  
Bijan Ziaeian ◽  
Kamran Hessami ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Zarshenas ◽  
Ali Kashkooe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Persian Medicine ◽  
Troublesome Symptom ◽  
Traditional Persian Medicine

Background: Cough is one of the most common medical symptoms for which medical advice is sought. Although cough is a protective reflex responsible for clearing the airways from secretions and foreign bodies, it can be a troublesome symptom that causes discomfort to patients. Due to the increasing interest in herbal remedies in the both developed and developing countries, in the current study, we aimed to overview medicinal herbs containing essential oils used as antitussive agents according to the Traditional Persian Medicine [TPM] textbooks. We summarized the relevant scientific evidence on their possible pharmacological actions. Methods: To collect the evidence for treatment of cough or “seaal” [cough in ancient books] from TPM sources, five main medicinal Persian manuscripts were studied. The antitussive herbs were listed and their scientific names were identified and authenticated in accordance with botanical reference books. ScienceDirect and PubMed online databases were searched for related mechanisms of action of the reported medicinal plants. Results: The number of 49 herbs containing essential oils were recommended in TPM for the treatment of cough; 21 of them had at least one known mechanism of action for cough suppression in the scientific literature. According to this review, most of the cited medicinal plants were assessed for either nitric oxide inhibitory or antitussive/expectorant activities. Conclusion: In addition to advantageous effects of antitussive herbs noted by TPM, the present review highlighted some recent evidence-based data on these promising candidates that could be used as an outline for future research on their medicinal use.

Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Insecticidal and Anti-Oxidant Activities of Three Acantholimon Species (A. atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Ardalan Pasdaran ◽  
Satyajit D. Sarker ◽  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Azadeh Hamedi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Background: The essential oil from the Acantholimon genus have been an integral part of the traditional food additive in Middle East. Most of the plants in Acantholimon genus have not been studied scientifically. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition, antibacterial, insecticidal and anti-oxidant activities of three Acantholimon species including Acantholimon atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium. Method: The essential oils of the aerial parts were extracted by hydrodistillation. Chemical constitutions were identified by gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy technique, also their toxicities were assessed against the two important grain products pests, Oryzeaphilus mercator and Tribolium castaneum. Antibacterial activity was assessed against the three foodborne bacteria that include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus based on the disc diffusion assay. Free-radical-scavenging property was identified based on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results: 2-hexahydrofarnesyl acetone was the main compound in A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium, whilst farnesyl acetone, heptacosane and germacrene D were the principal components of A. atropatanum essential oil. These oils exhibited 40-90% mortality of O. mercator and/or T. castaneum at a dose of 12 μl/l air after 48h of exposure, and exhibited significant free-radicalscavenging property (RC50 = 3.7 × 10-3 - 8.3 × 10-3 mg/ml). The oils of A. tragacanthium and A. gilliatii showed a weaker antibacterial activity compared to A. atropatanum. Conclusion: A. atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium essential oils had significant insecticidal and anti-oxidant properties. They also showed week to moderate antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.

scholarly journals The Volatile Phytochemistry of Seven Native American Aromatic Medicinal Plants

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Sims K. Lawson ◽  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
First Time ◽  
Gaultheria Procumbens

As part of our evaluation of essential oils derived from Native American medicinal plants, we have obtained the essential oils of Agastache foeniculum (Pursch) Kuntze (Lamiaceae), Gaultheria procumbens L. (Ericaceae), Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet (Asteraceae), Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. (Asteraceae), Pycnanthemum incanum (L.) Michx. (Lamiaceae), Smallanthus uvedalia (L.) Mack. ex Mack. (Asteraceae), and Verbena hastata L. (Verbenaceae) by hydrodistillation. The essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. The essential oil of A. foeniculum was dominated by estragole (88–93%), while methyl salicylate (91%) dominated the G. procumbens essential oil. Germacrene D was the major component in H. helianthoides (42%) and L. spicata (24%). 1,8-Cineole (31%) and α-terpineol (17%) were the main compounds in P. incanum essential oil. The essential oil of S. uvedalia showed α-pinene (24%), perillene (15%), and β-caryophyllene (17%) as major components. Verbena hastata essential oil was rich in 1-octen-3-ol (up to 29%) and palmitic acid (up to 22%). Four of these essential oils, H. helianthoides, L. spicata, P. incanum, and V. hastata, are reported for the first time. Additionally, the enantiomeric distributions of several terpenoid components have been determined.

scholarly journals Chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and biological properties of essential oils

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Saeidnejad ◽  
Peyman Rajaei
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Oil Repellent

Essential oils constitute a heterogeneous collection of chemical compounds. Their main characteristics are that they all synthesized by plants and are volatile and mostly soluble in ethanol. They have traditionally been obtained from plants and they have been widely used for insecticidal, medicinal and cosmetic purposes. Essential oils contains about 20–60 components at quite different concentrations and they are characterized by two or three major components at fairly high concentrations. Lately, the essential oils and various extracts of plants have gained special interest as sources of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agents because of the resistance to antibiotics that some microorganisms have acquired and the possible toxicities of the synthetic antioxidants. Spices consumed daily in different types of food to improve flavors, since ancient times, are well known for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. During recent decades, numerous numbers of plants have been monitored for their possible role as repellents and insecticides. In this review, the chemical composition profile of some important medicinal plants was evaluated, then antimicrobial properties of a number of essential oils was compared. Antioxidant activity of some essential oils was also considered. Finally, essential oil repellent properties an an important characteristics was evaluated. Further investigation for available data related to the other biological properties of medicinal plants essential oil is recommended.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i2.12043 International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (2) : 2015; 9-13

scholarly journals Development of bioactive/active additives based on essential oils: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Jessica Alarcón-Moyano ◽  
◽  
Silvia Matiacevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Oil Oxidation ◽  
Active Additive ◽  
Wall Materials ◽  
Selection For

The use of bioactive/active additives has been increasing in recent years, especially those derived from medicinal plants such as essential oils. However, due to essential oil oxidation it is necessary to protect it by encapsulation techniques such as: emulsion, spray- and/or freeze-drying as the most economical techniques. On the other hand, an important factor is to determine the appropriate wall material to obtain a prolonged or controlled release in the food or in the organism. Therefore, several factors affect the release of the compounds such as the type, amount of wall material and/or combination of wall materials. Therefore, the knowledge of all the aforementioned factors is important in order to make an adequate selection for the development of a bioactive/active additive based on essential oils.

scholarly journals Composition of the Essential Oils from Anthriscus cerefolium var. trichocarpa and A. caucalis Growing Wild in the Urban Area of Vienna (Austria)

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600
Author(s):  
Remigius Chizzola
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Plant Parts

The composition of the essential oil from the different above ground plant parts of Anthriscus cerefolium and A. caucalis collected in the urban area of Vienna has been studied. The essential oils of A. cerefolium were dominated by estragole (= methylchavicol) and 1-allyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene, occurring in various proportions. The oils from young flowering plants had more estragole than 1-allyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene. Fruits from one location reached 95% estragole in the essential oil. In A. caucalis, the main compound of all oils was cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (up to 74%) followed by cis-chrysanthenol (up to 16%). The fruit oils displayed a higher proportion of cis-chrysanthenyl acetate than the leaf or stem oils.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity and Analysis of the Essential Oils of Selected Endemic Edible Apiaceae Plants Root from Caspian Hyrcanian Region (North of Iran)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Azadeh Hamedi ◽  
Ardalan Pasdaran ◽  
Arsalan Pasdaran
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Root Essential Oil

Background: Different endemic species of Apiaceae that widely grow in Hyrcanian region have long been used as spices and herbal remedies. Chemical compositions and bioactivity of many of these plants have not been studied scientifically. The volatile constituents and antimicrobial activity of four edible Apiaceae plants—Elaeosticta glaucescens Boiss, Malabaila secacul (Mill.) Boiss, Caucalis platycarpos L., and Eryngium caucasicum Trautv—roots were investigated. Methods: Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC–FID) methods were used for chemical investigation. Antimicrobial potential of the volatile compositions of these roots were investigated using the disc diffusion method on four microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis. Results: The best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of these species were revealed for B. subtilis and S. aureus (500 µg/mL for MIC and MBC) followed by E. caucasicum and C. platycarpus, respectively. The main compounds of E. caucasicum root essential oil were hexyl isovalerate (11.0%) and hexyl valerate (10.1%). E. glaucescens root essential oil was mainly composed of 3(10)-caren-4-ol, acetoacetic acid ester (9.8%), octyl isovalerate (8.9%), and octyl acetate (5.7%). In C. platycarpos root, hexyl isovalerate (9.2%) and n-octyl isobutyrate (8.5%) were constituted the major compositions of the essential oil while n-hexyl isobutyrate (8.5%) and hexyl hexanoate (7.8%) were predominant compounds in M. secacul. Conclusion: The essential oils of E. caucasicum and C. platycarpus roots were contained high amount of short chain fatty acid esters (SCFAE) and trans- pinocarvyl acetate. They exhibited moderate antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis of Essential Oil Salvia Officinalis in Sudan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna yousif Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed Ali Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Alpha Pinene

Abstract: In this study the essential oils of Salvia officinalis growing in Sudan, were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by Gas chromatography mass spectrometer, forty tow compounds were identified. The essential oil composition of S.officinalis found that it had many important compounds. The detected main compounds were oxygenated monoterpenes followed monohydrocarbone, squiterpenes and other compounds. The main essential oil constituents were α-terpineol (33.07%), camphor (11.57%), α-pinene (8.96%) camphene (5.09%) β-cymen (5.40 %) caryphyllene (3.76%) β-myrcene (3.65%) β-menth1-en-b-ol (3.45%) bomeol (3.38%) β-pinene (2.74%) Epiglobulol (2.59%) 1,8 Cineol (2.24%) and trans-β- terpinyl butanone(2.00% ).

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antinociceptive activity of volatile fractions of the aerial parts of Solidago chilensis (Compositae)

Rodriguésia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Sacramento Valverde ◽  
Stefânia Priscilla de Souza ◽  
Temistocles Barroso de Oliveira ◽  
Andressa Maia Kelly ◽  
Nathalia Ferreira Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Antinociceptive Effect ◽  
Antinociceptive Activity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Solidago Chilensis

Abstract Thirty-six compounds were identified from aerial parts of Solidago chilensis cultivated at PAF/FIOCRUZ campus in Rio de Janeiro city (RJ) using solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. These compounds are mainly non-oxygenated mono and sesquiterpenes. Germacrene D is the major compound of two the essential oil analyzed samples (12 to 23%) and of two of the volatiles samples analyzed by SPME (central stems and dry inflorescences samples). Limonene is the major compound in the fresh inflorescences sample (about 21%). The bornil acetate is present in both volatile fractions (16%) and essential oils (7-8%). All the essential oils samples evaluated shown a great antinociceptive activity, considering the used dose of the samples (1 mg/kg) and the standard substance (50 mg/kg). Solidago chilensis is one of Brazil arnicas and it is a medicinal plant widely used by the brazilian population. Other plants of the genus Solidago are also used in traditional medicine in North America and Europe. This is the first report of SPME analysis from Solidago genus and of the antinociceptive effect from Solidago chilensis essential oil.

scholarly journals Researches on the capitalization of some medicinal plants to obtain essential oils by using the performant innovative installation EUV 2x1000 type

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
Ion Grigore ◽  
Andreea Iulia Grigore ◽  
Laurentiu-Constantin Vlăduţoiu ◽  
Mario Cristea ◽  
Elena Sorica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Family Associations

The article includes research on the production of essential oils from medicinal plants by applying water vapour distillation, the method most commonly used for the extraction of essential oils from plants. The results consist of extracting the essential oil from 2 types of medicinal plants: lavender and mint with the help of the EUV installation. The paper highlights the important aspects of obtaining quality products, on economically advantageous terms, addressing both specialists, farmers in larger farms and family associations. The article presents the experimental research results on obtaining essential oils from medicinal plants. Oils obtained by this method contain only volatile components, while wax and volatile resins are not found in the finished product.

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