scholarly journals Chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and biological properties of essential oils

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Saeidnejad ◽  
Peyman Rajaei
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Oil Repellent

Essential oils constitute a heterogeneous collection of chemical compounds. Their main characteristics are that they all synthesized by plants and are volatile and mostly soluble in ethanol. They have traditionally been obtained from plants and they have been widely used for insecticidal, medicinal and cosmetic purposes. Essential oils contains about 20–60 components at quite different concentrations and they are characterized by two or three major components at fairly high concentrations. Lately, the essential oils and various extracts of plants have gained special interest as sources of natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agents because of the resistance to antibiotics that some microorganisms have acquired and the possible toxicities of the synthetic antioxidants. Spices consumed daily in different types of food to improve flavors, since ancient times, are well known for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. During recent decades, numerous numbers of plants have been monitored for their possible role as repellents and insecticides. In this review, the chemical composition profile of some important medicinal plants was evaluated, then antimicrobial properties of a number of essential oils was compared. Antioxidant activity of some essential oils was also considered. Finally, essential oil repellent properties an an important characteristics was evaluated. Further investigation for available data related to the other biological properties of medicinal plants essential oil is recommended.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i2.12043 International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (2) : 2015; 9-13

Chemical Composition of Yemeni Medicinal Plants Essentials Oils and Their Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 195-203
Author(s):  
Y.N. Otaifah ◽  
A. Bouyahya ◽  
A. Talbaoui ◽  
H. Harhar ◽  
S. El Hajjaji
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Medicinal plants have been used since time immemorial to fight against diseases. The biological activities of these plants may be due to the presence of bioactive compounds such as essential oils. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of three Yemen medicinal plants, and e evaluate their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The chemical composition of essential oils was determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. The antibacterial effect was evaluated against pathogenic bacterial strains using the micro-platoon method and the antioxidant activity was estimated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scanning radical assay. Essential oils (EOs) are rich in phenolic compound. Carvotanacetone is the main compound of Pulicaria jaubertii (PJ) essential oil (82.35%) and β-maaliene (64.94%) is the major compound of Plectranthus montanus Benth (PMB) essential oil, while, Tarchonanthus camphoratus (TC) essential oil possesses several main compounds such as fenchol (14.5%), α-pinene (12.43%), and α-terpineol (8.58%). Essential oils of PJ and PMB showed remarkable antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC = 0.25% [v/v]), and PJEO against Escherichia coli (MIC = 0.25%[v/v]); the lowestMBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) values was obtained with PJEO against Staphylococcus aureus (CMI = 0.25% [v/v]). TCEO interestingly showed capacity while scanning the DPPH radical (6.32 mg E Trolox). These findings showed the biological potential of Yemeni aromatic medicinal plants as antibacterial and antioxidant agents. However, further investigations are needed to determine the antibacterial and antioxidant mechanisms of these oils.

Extraction of Essential Oils from Medicinal Plants and their Utilization as Food Antioxidants

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 519-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Ferrentino ◽  
Ksenia Morozova ◽  
Christine Horn ◽  
Matteo Scampicchio
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Green Technologies

Background: The use of essential oils is receiving increasing attention worldwide, as these oils are good sources of several bioactive compounds. Nowadays essential oils are preferred over synthetic preservatives thanks to their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Several studies highlight the beneficial effect of essential oils extracted from medicinal plants to cure human diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, or obesity. However, to preserve their bioactivity, the use of appropriate extraction technologies is required. Method: The present review aims to describe the studies published so far on the essential oils focusing on their sources and chemical composition, the technologies used for their recovery and their application as antioxidants in food products. Results: The review has been structured in three parts. In the first part, the main compounds present in essential oils extracted from medicinal plants have been listed and described. In the second part, the most important technologies used for extraction and distillation, have been presented. In detail, conventional methods have been described and compared with innovative and green technologies. Finally, in the last part, the studies related to the application of essential oils as antioxidants in food products have been reviewed and the main findings discussed in detail. Conclusions: In summary, an overview of the aforementioned subjects is presented by discussing the results of the most recent published studies.

scholarly journals Essential oils of Thymus pulegioides and Thymus glabrescens from Romania: Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Pavel ◽  
Mihailo Ristic ◽  
Tatjana Stevic
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Herbal Drug ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Main Components

The aim of this work was to analyse the chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of essential oils isolated from two wild-growing species of thyme (Thymus pulegioides L. and T. glabrescens Willd.) originating from different locations in Romania. The yield of essential oil was determined according to European Pharmacopoeia standards. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the oils was performed using GC and GC/MS. The antimicrobial activity was tested by the microdilution technique against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, S. enteritisdis, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, M. flavus and Listeria monocytogenes) and human pathogen yeast Candida albicans. The essential oil of Thymus pulegioides was obtained in a yield of 0.7-1 % (v/d.w. herbal drug) and the main components were carvacrol (50.5-62.6 %), ?-terpinene (9.8-9.9 %) and p-cymene (5.8-7.1 %). The essential oil of T. glabrescens was obtained in a yield of 0.7 (v/d.w. herbal drug) and the main components were geraniol (55.5 %), neryl acetate (11.1 %) and ?-bisabolene (6.7 %). The essential oils inhibited microbial growth at concentrations of 10.8-27 ?l/ml.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil and Antimicrobial Properties of Crude Extract From Tanacetum Corymbosum (L.) Shi. Bip.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Ciocarlan ◽  
Lucian Lupascu ◽  
Aculina Aricu ◽  
Ion Dragalin ◽  
Nina Ciocarlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Germacrene D

The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil from Tanacetum corymbosum revealed the presence of 38 compounds, including terpenes - germacrene D, (Z)-β-farnesene, g-elemene, β-caryophyllene, aliphatic - palmitic and linoleic fatty acids, fatty alcohol n-octadecanol, higher alkane n-heneicosane as the major constituents. The in vitro antimicrobial assessment of the ethanolic extract showed promising antibacterial/antifungal activities against five Gram-(+), Gram-(-) and phytopathogenic bacteria species and two fungi strains. The data obtained in this study may be useful both for researchers and for producers interested in new or less studied species of medicinal plants in healthcare and their biological activities.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils and Hydroethanolic Extracts of Greek Oregano (O. vulgare L. subsp. hirtum (Link) Ietswaart) and Common Oregano (O. vulgare L. subsp. vulgare)

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Kosakowska ◽  
Zenon Węglarz ◽  
Ewelina Pióro-Jabrucka ◽  
Jarosław L. Przybył ◽  
Karolina Kraśniewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Greek oregano and common oregano were compared in respect of the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the corresponding essential oils and hydroethanolic extracts in relation with their chemical profile. The chemical composition of essential oils was determined by GC-MS and GC-FID, while extracts (phenolic acids and flavonoids fractions) were analyzed by HPLC-DAD. Based on given volatiles, the investigated subspecies represented two chemotypes: a carvacrol/γ-terpinene/p-cymene type in the case of Greek oregano and a sabinyl/cymyl type rich in terpinen-4-ol in common oregano. Within non-volatile phenolic compounds, rosmarinic acid appeared to dominate in both subspecies. Lithospermic acid B, chlorogenic acid and isovitexin were present only in Greek oregano extracts. However, the total content of flavonoids was higher in common oregano extracts. The essential oil and extract of Greek oregano revealed visibly stronger antibacterial activity (expressed as MIC and MBC) than common oregano, whereas the antioxidant potential (determined by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP) of these extracts was almost equal for both subspecies. In the case of Origanum plants, the potential application of essential oils and extracts as antiseptic and antioxidant agents in the food industry should be preceded by subspecies identification followed by recognition of their chemotype concerning both terpene and phenolics composition.

scholarly journals Cultivation of Mint (Mentha x gracilis) in Intercropping with Fruit Trees in an Agroforestry System: Production and Quality of Essential Oil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalva Paulus ◽  
Dislaine Becker ◽  
Gilmar Antônio Nava ◽  
Daiane Luckmann ◽  
Claúdia de Andrade Moura
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fruit Species

Aims: The cultivation of medicinal plants in intercropping with other species of agricultural use has been an alternative to make production sustainable in family farming. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth, biomass production, and chemical composition of the essential oil of mint (Mentha x gracilis Sole) in intercropping with fruit species in an agroforestry system. Study Design:  The experimental design was randomized blocks with four treatments, mint interplanted with citrus (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck), bananas (Musa spp.), blackberries (Morus nigra), or Barbados cherries (Malpighia glabra). Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted in the agroforestry located in the sector of Olericultura of the Federal University of Technology – Paraná (UTFPR), Brazil, in the period between November 2015 to February 2017. Methodology: We analyzed light intensity, relative chlorophyll index, height, leaf area, biomass accumulation, essential oil content, oil production and chemical composition of mint grown in agroforestry. Results: The highest production of biomass and essential oil were obtained in the intercropping of mint with citrus and Barbados cherries, possibly due to the edaphic climatic conditions, such as greater light intensity, that favored the growth, production, and chemical composition of the mint essential oil. Bananas and blackberries intercropped with mint were not beneficial for the growth and production of essential oils. Conclusion: The intercropping of mint with citrus and Barbados cherries resulted in higher growth, biomass accumulation, and essential oil content and production. The major components of the essential oils were linalool and carvone, with higher percentages in the intercropping of mint with citrus and Barbados cherries. The cultivation of mint by intercropping with fruit species such as citrus and Barbados cherries is an option to diversify the production of medicinal plants, making it sustainable.

scholarly journals Effect of nano-iron chelate on chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of Carum copticum L. essential oil and its main Terpenes from Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Abdossi ◽  
M Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Iron Chelate ◽  
Carum Copticum

The effect of exogenous application of nano-iron chelate (100 and 200 mg/l) in early flowering stage on components of essential oils (EOs) of Carum copticum was evaluated. The EO extracted by hydrodistillation from Iranian C. copticum was characterized by means of GC/MS. The nano-iron chelate application increased γ- terpinene and thymol and decreased α-pinene, β-pinene and p-cymene concentration. The oil was also subjected to antimicrobial activity. C. copticum oil was found to inhibit Bacillus cereus and Candida albicans with the lowest MIC and MBC/MFC values. Thymol and carvacrol possessed the highest antimicrobial activity among the major components. These results clearly show the antimicrobial effects of the essential oil C. copticum.

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil and its Fractions of Lavandula stoechas L. From Morocco

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ez Zoubi Yassine ◽  
El Ouali Lalami Abdelhakim ◽  
Bousta Dalila ◽  
Polissiou Moschos ◽  
Daferera Dimitra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas ◽  
Natural Foods

The emerging multi-drug resistance in food borne pathogens and consumers demand for minimally processed fresh natural foods has paved the path for natural antimicrobials and antioxidants to be used in food industry. This work investigates the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of essential oils of Lavandula stoechas and its fractions which were obtained from the Lavandula stoechas using apparatus Glass Oven B-585. GC/MS analysis of Lavandula stoechas essential oil has led to the identification of 27 components, of which camphor, fenchone, camphene, borneol, α- Pinene and 1,8-cineole, were the major components. Fractions 1 and 2 have displayed qualitative similarities; fraction 3 has showed a different chemical profile characterized by the presence of various oxygenated sesquiterpenes. In DPPH assay, the IC50 value of Lavandula stoechas and its fractions have varied between 0.8 and 1.6 µg/ml, while phosphomolybdenum assay of essential oils of Lavandula steochas, fraction 1, 2 and 3 have showed values in the order of 79 ± 4.4, 73.7 ± 3.7, 76.2 ± 5.5 and 148.2 ± 6.2 μg/ml respectively. The essential oil of Lavandula steochas was very active against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria spp. Fractions 1 and 2 were moderately active, however fraction 3 recorded a weak effect against all bacteria’s. The Chloromphenicol antibiotic was very active against all bacteria’s, Gentamycin has expressed average activity against pathogens but the Penicillin has showed poor activity. Our results suggest that essential oils of Lavandula stoechas and fraction 3 demonstrated interesting biological properties that suggest its use as a new potential source of natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.

Medicinal Plants: Antibacterial Effects and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Foeniculum vulgare

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Foroughi ◽  
Pouya Pournaghi ◽  
Fariba Najafi ◽  
Akram Zangeneh ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Screen Test ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare

Medicinal plants are considered modern resources for producing agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in demeanor of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of the study was to evaluate the chemical composition and antibacterial activities of essential oil of Foeniculum vulgare (FV) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry was done to specify chemical composion. As a screen test to detect antibacterial properties of the essential oil, agar disk and agar well diffusion methods were employed. Macrobroth tube test was performed to determinate MIC. The results indicated that the most substance found in FV essential oil was Trans-anethole (47.41 %), also the essential oil of FV with 0.007 g/ml concentration has prevented P. aeruginosa and with 0.002 g/ml concentration has prevented B. subtilis from the growth. Thus, the research represents the antibacterial effects of the medical herb on test P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. We believe that the article provide support to the antibacterial properties of the essential oil. The results indicate the fact that the essential oil from the plant can be useful as medicinal or preservatives composition.

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Three Medicinal Plants from Algerian Semi-Arid Climatic Zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S155-S163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehalaine ◽  
O. Belfadel ◽  
T. Menasria ◽  
A. Messaili
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Thymus Algeriensis

The present study was carried out to determine, for the first time, the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils derived from the aerial parts of three aromatic plants Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut, Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Salvia officinalis L. growing under semiarid conditions. The essential oils were chemically analyzed and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their antimicrobial activity was individually evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using both agar disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. The major constituents of Thymus algeriensis essential oil were identified as camphor (13.62%), 1,8-cineol (6.00%), borneol (5.74%), viridiflorol (4.00%), and linalool (3.93%). For Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil, 48 compounds were characterized, of which the main constituents were camphor (17.09%), Z-β-ocimene (10.88%), isoborneol (9.68%), α-bisabolol (7.89%), and borneol (5.11%). While, Salvia officinalis essential oil was characterized by β-thujone (16.44%), followed by viridiflorol (10.93%), camphor (8.99%), 1,8-cineol (8.11%), trans-caryophyllene (5.85%), and α-humulene (4.69%) as the major components. Notably, results from antibacterial screening indicated that Thymus algeriensis and Salvia officinalis essential oils exhibited a strong inhibitory effect against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Further, less activity was recorded against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the three tested essential oils.

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