scholarly journals The Study on Effect of Temperature Stress on Occurrence of Clinical Signs Caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in Capoeta damascina in In Vitro Condition

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laleh Yazdanpanah Goharrizi
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

scholarly journals Prospect use of Phaleria macrocarpa to prevent motile aeromonad septicaemia disease in Patin Catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
D. Wahjuningrum ◽  
S.L. Angka ◽  
W. Lesmanawati ◽  
. Sa’diyah ◽  
M. Yuhana
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽  
Phaleria Macrocarpa

<p>Motile Aeromonad Septicaemia (MAS) disease is one of bacterial disease frequently infecting freshwater fishes including patin<em> </em>catfish <em>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</em>.  This study was performed to determine antimicrobial of <em>Phaleria macrocarpa</em> (PM) and its potency against MAS disease caused by <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>.  The in vitro susceptibility test was performed by pour plate methods at the dosages of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g/l PM. At the in vivo test, fish were fed with the addition of PM into the diet at a dosage of 6, 12, and 18 g/l and 0 g/l as a control for 8 days. At ninth day, fish were infected with <em>A.hydrophila</em>. For seven days after infection the clinical signs and blood pictures were observed. The in vitro test indicated that PM had an antibacterial effect to <em>A.hydrophila</em> at the dosage of 6 g/l. Addition of PM in the diet for 8 days increased haemoglobine. The results showed that lowest clinical sign and smallest number of in fected fish was found at dosage of 12 g/l PM. PM can be used as a preventive method for MAS.</p> <p>Keywords:  <em>Phaleria macrocarpa</em>, antibacterial, "patin", MAS disease, <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em></p> <p> </p> <p>Abstrak</p> <p>Penyakit MAS (<em>Motile Aeromonad Septicaemia</em>) merupakan penyakit bakterial yang banyak menyerang ikan-ikan air tawar termasuk patin <em>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</em>. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kemampuan antibakteri dari mahkota dewa (MD) <em>Phaleria macrocarpa</em> terhadap <em>Aeromonas hydrophila </em>penyebab penyakit MAS dan potensinya dalam pencegahan penyakit ini.  Pada uji <em>in vitro</em> dilakukan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri MD terhadap <em>A. hydrophila</em> dengan metode hitungan cawan pada dosis MD 2, 4, 6, 8, dan 10 g/l. Pada uji <em>in vivo</em>, ikan uji diberi pakan yang dicampur MD dengan dosis berbeda yaitu 0 g/l (kontrol +), 6, 12, dan 18 g/l, selama 8 hari. Pada hari kesembilan ikan disuntik dengan <em>A. hydrophila</em> dan pengamatan dilanjutkan selama 7 hari, meliputi pengamatan gejala klinis dan gambaran darah.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MD bersifat antibakteri terhadap <em>A. hydrophila</em> dengan dosis efektif 6 g/l. Pemberian MD selama 8 hari dapat meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin, kadar hematokrit, jumlah lekosit, serta meningkatkan kemampuan fagositik darah. Dosis MD sebesar 12 g/l menunjukkan hasil paling baik yang ditunjang oleh gejala klinis paling ringan (sampai tahap nekrosis), dengan jumlah ikan yang terinfeksi paling sedikit (45%) dan waktu penyembuhan paling cepat (hari ke 6). Dengan demikian, MD dapat digunakan untuk mencegah penyakit MAS.</p> <p>Kata kunci:  mahkota dewa, antibakterial, ikan patin, penyakit MAS, <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em></p>

The development of dormancy in bulblets of Lilium speciosum generated in vitro. II. The effect of temperature

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Delvallee ◽  
Annie Paffen ◽  
Geert-Jan De Klerk
Keyword(s):  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Lilium Speciosum

Effect of Temperature on ADP-Induced Platelet Aggregation

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
C. A Praga ◽  
E. M Pogliani
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Induce Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Cuvette Holder ◽  
Exact Temperature

SummaryTemperature represents a very important variable in ADP-induced platelet aggregation.When low doses of ADP ( < 1 (μM) are used to induce platelet aggregation, the length of the incubation period of PRP in the cuvette holder of the aggregometer, thermostatted at 37° C, is very critical. Samples of the same PRP previously kept at room temperature, were incubated for increasing periods of time in the cuvette of the aggregometer before adding ADP, and a significant decrease of aggregation, proportional to the length of incubation, was observed. Stirring of the PRP during the incubation period made these changes more evident.To measure the exact temperature of the PRP during incubation in the aggre- gometer, a thermocouple device was used. While the temperature of the cuvette holder was stable at 37° C, the PRP temperature itself increased exponentially, taking about ten minutes from the beginning of the incubation to reach the value of 37° C. The above results have a practical significance in the reproducibility of the platelet aggregation test in vitro and acquire particular value when the effect of inhibitors of ADP induced platelet aggregation is studied.Experiments carried out with three anti-aggregating agents (acetyl salicyclic acid, dipyridamole and metergoline) have shown that the incubation conditions which influence both the effect of the drugs on platelets and the ADP breakdown in plasma must be strictly controlled.

Effect of Temperature, Velocity Gradient and I.V. Heparin on in Vitro Blood Coagulation and Platelet Aggregation

1967 ◽  
Vol 17 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Dintenfass ◽  
M. C Rozenberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Velocity Gradient ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

SummaryA study of blood coagulation was carried out by observing changes in the blood viscosity of blood coagulating in the cone-in-cone viscometer. The clots were investigated by microscopic techniques.Immediately after blood is obtained by venepuncture, viscosity of blood remains constant for a certain “latent” period. The duration of this period depends not only on the intrinsic properties of the blood sample, but also on temperature and rate of shear used during blood storage. An increase of temperature decreases the clotting time ; also, an increase in the rate of shear decreases the clotting time.It is confirmed that morphological changes take place in blood coagula as a function of the velocity gradient at which such coagulation takes place. There is a progressive change from the red clot to white thrombus as the rates of shear increase. Aggregation of platelets increases as the rate of shear increases.This pattern is maintained with changes of temperature, although aggregation of platelets appears to be increased at elevated temperatures.Intravenously added heparin affects the clotting time and the aggregation of platelets in in vitro coagulation.

Applicability of Instability Index for In vitro Protein Stability Prediction

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilani G. Gamage ◽  
Ajith Gunaratne ◽  
Gopal R. Periyannan ◽  
Timothy G. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Protein Stability ◽  
Caulobacter Crescentus ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Instability Index ◽  
Dipeptide Composition ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Vitro Protein

Background: The dipeptide composition-based Instability Index (II) is one of the protein primary structure-dependent methods available for in vivo protein stability predictions. As per this method, proteins with II value below 40 are stable proteins. Intracellular protein stability principles guided the original development of the II method. However, the use of the II method for in vitro protein stability predictions raises questions about the validity of applying the II method under experimental conditions that are different from the in vivo setting. Objective: The aim of this study is to experimentally test the validity of the use of II as an in vitro protein stability predictor. Methods: A representative protein CCM (CCM - Caulobacter crescentus metalloprotein) that rapidly degrades under in vitro conditions was used to probe the dipeptide sequence-dependent degradation properties of CCM by generating CCM mutants to represent stable and unstable II values. A comparative degradation analysis was carried out under in vitro conditions using wildtype CCM, CCM mutants and two other candidate proteins: metallo-β-lactamase L1 and α -S1- casein representing stable, borderline stable/unstable, and unstable proteins as per the II predictions. The effect of temperature and a protein stabilizing agent on CCM degradation was also tested. Results: Data support the dipeptide composition-dependent protein stability/instability in wt-CCM and mutants as predicted by the II method under in vitro conditions. However, the II failed to accurately represent the stability of other tested proteins. Data indicate the influence of protein environmental factors on the autoproteolysis of proteins. Conclusion: Broader application of the II method for the prediction of protein stability under in vitro conditions is questionable as the stability of the protein may be dependent not only on the intrinsic nature of the protein but also on the conditions of the protein milieu.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature, CO2 and O2 on motility and mobility of Anisakidae larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiyan Guan ◽  
Inge Van Damme ◽  
Frank Devlieghere ◽  
Sarah Gabriël
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

AbstractAnisakidae, marine nematodes, are underrecognized fish-borne zoonotic parasites. Studies on factors that could trigger parasites to actively migrate out of the fish are very limited. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of different environmental conditions (temperature, CO2 and O2) on larval motility (in situ movement) and mobility (migration) in vitro. Larvae were collected by candling or enzymatic digestion from infected fish, identified morphologically and confirmed molecularly. Individual larvae were transferred to a semi-solid Phosphate Buffered Saline agar, and subjected to different temperatures (6 ℃, 12 ℃, 22 ℃, 37 ℃) at air conditions. Moreover, different combinations of CO2 and O2 with N2 as filler were tested, at both 6 °C and 12 °C. Video recordings of larvae were translated into scores for larval motility and mobility. Results showed that temperature had significant influence on larval movements, with the highest motility and mobility observed at 22 ℃ for Anisakis spp. larvae and 37 ℃ for Pseudoterranova spp. larvae. During the first 10 min, the median migration of Anisakis spp. larvae was 10 cm at 22 ℃, and the median migration of Pseudoterranova spp. larvae was 3 cm at 37 ℃. Larval mobility was not significantly different under the different CO2 or O2 conditions at 6 °C and 12 ℃. It was concluded that temperature significantly facilitated larval movement with the optimum temperature being different for Anisakis spp. and Pseudoterranova spp., while CO2 and O2 did not on the short term. This should be further validated in parasite-infected/spiked fish fillets.

THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON CHEMILUMINESCENCE BY POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES IN VITRO

1979 ◽  
pp. 725-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Repine ◽  
John R. Hoidal ◽  
Gregory D. Beall ◽  
Fred L. Rasp ◽  
Dennis P. Clifford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

scholarly journals Importance and Antimicrobial Resistance of Mycoplasma bovis in Clinical Respiratory Disease in Feedlot Calves

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1470
Author(s):  
Ana García-Galán ◽  
Juan Seva ◽  
Ángel Gómez-Martín ◽  
Joaquín Ortega ◽  
Francisco Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Feedlot Calves ◽  
Fixed Panel

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an important viral and/or bacterial disease that mainly affects feedlot calves. The involvement of Mycoplasma bovis in BRD can lead to chronic pneumonia poorly responsive to antimicrobial treatment. Caseonecrotic bronchopneumonia is a pulmonary lesion typically associated with M. bovis. In Spain, M. bovis is widely distributed in the feedlots and circulating isolates are resistant to most antimicrobials in vitro. However, the role of this species in clinical respiratory disease of feedlot calves remains unknown. Furthermore, available data are relative to a fixed panel of antimicrobials commonly used to treat BRD, but not to the specific set of antimicrobials that have been used for treating each animal. This study examined 23 feedlot calves raised in southeast Spain (2016–2019) with clinical signs of respiratory disease unresponsive to treatment. The presence of M. bovis was investigated through bacteriology (culture and subsequent PCR), histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The pathogen was found in 86.9% (20/23) of the calves, mainly in the lungs (78.26%; 18/23). Immunohistochemistry revealed M. bovis antigens in 73.9% (17/23) of the calves in which caseonecrotic bronchopneumonia was the most frequent lesion (16/17). Minimum inhibitory concentration assays confirmed the resistance of a selection of 12 isolates to most of the antimicrobials specifically used for treating the animals in vivo. These results stress the importance of M. bovis in the BRD affecting feedlot calves in Spain.

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