scholarly journals On the Historical Development of Confucianists’ Moral Ideas and Moral Education

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-47
Author(s):  
Shaogang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Confucian Ethics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Chinese Traditional Culture

The Confucian ethics which is the main body of the Chinese traditional culture has established its “basic morality” or “mother morality” not only in China, but also in some of the Asian countries. It is formed in the long historical development of more than 2000 years. First of all, it had the contention of a hundred schools of thought in the Pre-Qin Dynasty, and the Confucianist thought with its own colors was formed at that time. When Dong Zhongshu made his suggestions that restrained all other schools but only respected Confucianism, the predominance of Confucianism over the political life had been defined in Chinese society. After the later generations’ cooperating thing of diverse nature with unity of opposites, it was developed into the idealist philosophy of the Song (960 -1279) and Ming (1368-1644). Dynasties, which combined Confucianism, Buddhism and Daoism. The critical development of the modern Chinese society to Confucianist thought made us scholars have a timely reflection on the Confucian ethics. The requirement of constructing a harmonious world in the present time made us further considerate the moral education with Confucianist ethics.

scholarly journals Chinese Traditional Culture Education: Implementing the Child’s Position and Perspective in the Elementary School Textbook Morality and Law

2021 ◽  
pp. 209653112199050
Author(s):  
Le Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Cultural Education ◽  
School Textbook ◽  
Chinese Traditional Culture ◽  
Culture Education

Purpose: Failure to clarify the position of children in Chinese culture is a significant issue faced by Chinese traditional culture education (CTCE). Indeed, moral education needs to establish child’s perspective and position in Chinese society and incorporate these into the curricula on the excellent Chinese traditional culture. This study explores how the elementary school textbook, Morality and Law, has approached CTCE. Design/Approach/Methods: First, this article analyzes practical difficulties in CTCE: omission child’s position. Second, this article explores the child's position needed by CTCE based on Rousseau, Montessori and Dewey’s contemporary views on children. At last, this article explores the strategy of how to implement the child’s position in CTCE based on morality and law. Findings: In respect to CTCE, Morality and Law positions children in various ways. In terms of its educational goal, the textbook is intended to improve children’s cultural education and appreciation. While the textbook’s editors mainly select positive content, negative content is also included. Always taking the child into consideration, the textbook incorporates systemized knowledge into children’s own lives, particularly insofar as the teaching strategy uses events or experiences in which children are interested. Originality/Value: Following the reform of China’s curriculum at the start of the 21st century, moral education textbooks were developed on the basis of the child’s position but remained weak in terms of traditional culture education. The approach adopted in Morality and Law and illustrated in this study bridges the gap between children and traditional culture, improves the effectiveness of CTCE, and provides other countries with insight based on China’s experiences in cultural education.

scholarly journals Tělovýchovné spolky a turnerské hnutí jako nástroje sudetoněmecké iredenty: Podíl sudetoněmeckých tělovýchovných organizací na rozbití československého státu

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-68
Author(s):  
Sandra Štollová
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
The Political ◽  
German Population ◽  
Sport Organizations ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Turner movement, founded in the beginning of the 19th century by Friedrich L. Jahn, played an important role in organizing leisure time activities of the Sudeten German population during the first half of the 20th century. After splitting from the Austrian Turners, the Sudeten German Turners took over not only the methodology of practice, but also incorporated some of their ideological standpoints. At the beginning, Sudeten German Turner clubs considered themselves apolitical; the main goal of the Sudeten German Turners was physical and moral education of youth. Notwithstanding this original purpose, over time they became a political tool for Sudeten German political representation and executors of various forms of sedition towards the Czechoslovakia. Not even strong ideological contradictions within the Turner movement stopped it from becoming isolated from other Czechoslovak sport organizations and from disseminating pan-German goals and ideas in Czechoslovakia. The Turners provided Sudeten German youth not only with physical education; the organization became an influential tool of socialization as well. This paper reveals the political goals of Sudeten German Turner clubs in the terms of its historical development and provides an overview of the most important Sudeten German Turner club DTV (Deutscher Turnverband). It also clarifies how, the originally physical education-orientated DTV contributed to the breaking-up of Czechoslovakia.

Cultural Intellectuals and the Politics of the Cultural Public Space in Communist China (1979–1989): A Case Study of Three Intellectual Groups

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward X. Gu
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Mao Zedong ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Totalitarian Regime ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Chinese Traditional Culture ◽  
Communist China ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Legitimacy Crisis

In China, the period from 1979 to 1989 was one of thawing and awakening. Moving away from the rigors of the “political winters” in Mao's time, Chinese society revived its diversity and vigor that had been harshly depressed for a long time by a revolutionary-totalitarian regime (Tsou 1986). One of the tremendous changes occurred in the cultural realm. In the mid and late 1980s thousands of Chinese cultural intellectuals, from well-known professors to junior university students, were caught up in a nonofficially initiated cultural movement, which has been widely called the “culture fever” (wenhua re). They engaged with great eagerness in searching for an alternative intellectual framework, derived from modern Western theories in social sciences and humanities, to replace the official ideology. They undertook a passionate reexamination of the virtues, weaknesses, and possibilities of Chinese traditional culture. They warmly debated what should make up the cultural prerequisites for China's modernization and whether or how Chinese traditional culture could be relevant to China's present and future. With the alteration of the structure of ideological alternatives, the legitimacy of the Party's orthodox ideology—Marxism-Leninism and the Thought of Mao Zedong—became marginalized. As many China scholars have pointed out, the legitimacy crisis was one of the most important historically contextual factors to play a key role in the events leading to the 1989 Tiananmen movement (see, for example, Tsou 1991, 277–80; and Ding 1994, 145–48).

scholarly journals The influence of Buddhism upon the Chinese traditional lotus pattern

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-105
Author(s):  
Jinbo Wan
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Great Plain ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Chinese Traditional Culture ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Wei And Jin Dynasties

Lotus pattern is one of the traditional Chinese ornaments that dates back to the ancient times. During the rule of Wei and Jin dynasties, as well as Northern and Southern dynasties (222 – 589 AD), Buddhism has largely prevailed across the territory of the Great Plain of China. The forms, methods of expression, and meanings of the Chinese traditional ornaments that used the lotus pattern have changed under the influence of Buddhism. This article analyzes the peculiarities of synthesis of the Buddhist lotus ornament with the Chinese traditional culture, as well as the degree of impact of Buddhism upon the form, means of expression, and symbolic meaning of lotus patterns in the Chinese society. Having studied the scientific literature and research on the topic, the author analyzes he peculiarities of evolution of lotus pattern in China after the spread of Buddhism.  The key stages of the development of lotus ornament in Buddhist decoration are examined. The conclusion is made that Buddhism played a crucial role in transformation of characteristics and means of expression of the lotus ornament, as well as extensively complemented and changed the symbolic meaning of lotus in Chinese culture and people’s perception. Buddhism not only enriched the exterior and shape of the Chinese louts ornament, but made a significant contribution to its inscape.

Interpreting Chinese Traditional Folk Houses from the Angle of Chinese Traditional Culture

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Xiao Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Chinese Traditional Culture ◽  
Cultural Connotation ◽  
Long Course ◽  
Cultural Features

Chinese culture has a long history and origins long, traditional folk houses has deep cultural connotation in the long course of historical development. In this paper, it analyzes the main cultural features of Chinese traditional folk houses from the angle of Chinese traditional culture. You can get a macroscopic and deep understanding of Chinese traditional folk houses through the interpretation.

scholarly journals State-adjacent Professionals: How Chinese Lawyers Participate in Political Life

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Lawrence J. Liu ◽  
Rachel E. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
The State ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Political Role ◽  
State And Society ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This article complicates the conventional wisdom that Chinese lawyers are either politically liberal activists or apolitical hired guns by training our attention on the group of lawyers who choose to stand adjacent to the state and participate in governance. Through an examination of how and why winners of the state-sanctioned Outstanding Lawyer Award participate in politics, we illustrate how state-adjacent lawyers provide the state with information and persuade others to behave in ways the state considers appropriate. Although proximity to power affords some social and professional benefits, award winners are also motivated by a commitment to improving Chinese society. By highlighting the political role played by lawyers who serve as a bridge between state and society, we open the door to future research on the relationship between the state and professionals in other industries and countries, and call for continued attention to how inequality shapes opportunities for political participation in China.

Asiatic Orientations of Early Soviet Socialism

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-295
Author(s):  
Hari Vasudevan
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
Russian Association

The international projection of Soviet socialism and responses to it were a major aspect of the political life of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. In Asia, including India, this was noticeable from the time of the early work of the Comintern (1919). The Maulana Azad lecture for 2014 discussed this theme. The lecture presented the political background to what took place—tracing the Comintern initiative in Asia following the Congress of the Workers of the East in Baku in 1920. The rest of the lecture was divided into three sections. The first section dealt with the way in which awareness of Soviet socialism increased in Asian countries. This came to take shape as Oriental Studies in Soviet Russia took on a new form which included teaching and involvement of foreign revolutionaries at the Communist University of the Workers of the East and the operations of the All Russian Association for Oriental Studies. The technologies of the 1920s were put to work—among them photography and radio. The limits of the initiatives were a part of the nature of the institutions and the techniques employed. The second section focused firmly on India and dealt with reception in India of Soviet socialism, drawing in information of the importance of communications difficulties as well as the problems posed by British authorities. The final section pointed out that despite the positive response of many of his friends to Soviet socialism, Maulana Azad refused to engage with the phenomenon – most likely in view of his own sense that what it meant was not quite clear since limited information was available in India.

Women in Power and Decision making Positions : Conditions and Restraints

1970 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Azza Charara Baydoun
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Slow Progress

Women today are considered to be outside the political and administrative power structures and their participation in the decision-making process is non-existent. As far as their participation in the political life is concerned they are still on the margins. The existence of patriarchal society in Lebanon as well as the absence of governmental policies and procedures that aim at helping women and enhancing their political participation has made it very difficult for women to be accepted as leaders and to be granted votes in elections (UNIFEM, 2002).This above quote is taken from a report that was prepared to assess the progress made regarding the status of Lebanese women both on the social and governmental levels in light of the Beijing Platform for Action – the name given to the provisions of the Fourth Conference on Women held in Beijing in 1995. The above quote describes the slow progress achieved by Lebanese women in view of the ambitious goal that requires that the proportion of women occupying administrative or political positions in Lebanon should reach 30 percent of thetotal by the year 2005!

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