scholarly journals Edukacyjna rola szkoły i nauczyciela wychowania fizycznego w kształtowaniu aktywności fizycznej młodzieŜy

1970 ◽  
pp. 289-308
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wartecka-Ważyńska Agnieszka Wartecka-Ważyńska
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young People ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Physically Active

Physical activity is an important element in psychophysical development of any human, including children and young people. Rational and regular participation in vigorous physical activity contributes to improvement and maintaining good health status. It also affects mood of a person and determinesthe quality of his or her life. The aim of the paper is to determine the role of school in the context of the factors that stimulate physical activity among young people at the age of 16 to 20 years. The paper has a literature-based and empirical character. The basic research methodologies adopted in the study included analysis of subject literature, diagnostic survey using questionnaire technique, and a statistical method. The questionnaire survey was carried out in 2012-2013 in secondary schools in the region of the Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland in a group of 850 students. The study demonstrated that young people are physically active and participate in different forms of sport and recreation. However, one third of the young people studied spend their leisure time in a passive manner. They are not involved in any physical activity and spend their leisure time playing computer games, watching the TV, socializing, reading books and magazines and listening to the music. It should be noted that, in this context, the role of physical education teachers and school is critical.

Accelerometer-determined physical activity of children during segmented school days: The Shanghai perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 816-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Lunch Break ◽  
Grade Level Differences ◽  
Objectively Measured

The two types of school days that are followed in China are physical education and physical exercise days. This study objectively measured the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of children during the recess, lunch break, leisure time, physical education and physical exercise segments of the physical education and physical exercise days. Moreover, this research compared the gender and grade-level differences in MVPA during each segment. A total of 316 children aged 6–13 years (M = 9.28, SD = 1.87) in Grades One to Five from three elementary schools participated in this study. Accelerometers were utilised to measure the MVPA of children. The participants accumulated the most MVPA time during physical education classes, whereas the least MVPA time was recorded during lunch break. The boys were significantly more physically active than girls during recess ( F (1, 316) = 4.449, p = 0.037, η2 = 0.030), lunch break ( F (1, 316) = 4.525, p = 0.035, η2 = 0.030) and leisure time ( F (1, 316) = 4.795, p = 0.030, η2 = 0.032) on physical education days, and during recess ( F (1, 316) = 5.968, p = 0.017, η2 = 0.079) and leisure time ( F (1, 316) = 5.246, p = 0.025, η2 = 0.070) on physical exercise days. Significant grade-level differences in the MVPA time were observed during recess ( F (2, 316) = 20.209, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.219) on physical education days and during physical exercise classes ( F (2, 316) = 3.662, p = 0.031, η2 = 0.095) and recess ( F (2, 316) = 4.326, p = 0.017, η2 = 0.110) on physical exercise days. Children in Grades Two and Three engaged in the most MVPA time during the majority of segments. In conclusion, physical activity interventions during less structured or unstructured segments are recommended. Special attention should likewise be provided to girls and children in Grades One, Four and Five to increase their MVPA.

scholarly journals Daily and Weekly Variation in Children’s Physical Activity in Norway: A Cross-Sectional Study of The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Iana Kharlova ◽  
Maren Valand Fredriksen ◽  
Asgeir Mamen ◽  
Per Morten Fredriksen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Time Domains

Background The purpose of the study was to examine differences in objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA min/day) and sedentary time (SED min/day) between different time domains as school hours, leisure time, and weekends. An additional objective addressed causal association between body mass and MVPA. Methods. The study sample consisted of 2015 subjects (51% girls) aged 6–12 years (9.46 ± 1.76) from the Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP) in south-east Norway. Six days of MVPA min/day and SED min/day were measured using accelerometers and presented as daily averages. The differences in physical activity (PA) were investigated between the time domains of school-hours, leisure time and weekends by age and sex. Data were analyzed using one-and two-way ANOVA. Results. The relative contribution of the different time domains in overall PA was found. Daily average of MVPA min/day and SED min/day differed significantly across the three time domains. The average weekend SED was 56 ± 3.45 and 82 ± 4.12 min/day less when compared with school hours and leisure time, respectively. On average children spent 27 ± 2.74 min/day less in MVPA during school hours, compared with leisure time (p < 0.001), and spent by 38 ± 2.10 min/day more during weekends compared to school hours (p < 0.001). Boys were more physically active than girls, and less time was spent in MVPA with age. Conclusion. With the objective of increasing PA in a child population, the findings indicate that PA intervention programs should target children with higher body mass, girls more than boys, older children more than younger, and during school hours and leisure time more than on weekends.

scholarly journals The Importance of movement and healthy living in young people

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Marius Vaida
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young People ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Main Method

The study I have carried out aimed mainly the determination of the level of the motion perception and its benefits, but also the understanding of the manner in which leisure time is spent and the raise of awareness regarding the importance of healthy eating in daily lives. The research was carried out on a sample of 50 young people (boys and girls) aged between 19 and 30. The main method of research used was the investigation, which was based on an anonymous standardized questionnaire with 8 questions. The study shows that the main effect young people have perceived for having a sports activity is the development of physical condition followed by tackling of the excessive weight and also the maintenance of an optimal muscle tone, as well as the education of the positive characteristics of the personality and the extension of the skills and motor skills sphere to an equal but small value. They also confirmed that sports accompanied by friends or colleagues are preferred for leisure time, food also being perceived as very important or important in a majoritarian percentage, meaning that the younger generation is aware of the important role of nutrition in maintaining health. Unfortunately, however, it is clear that there is no regular physical activity in those surveyed, with the results of those who are adherents of regular physical activity slightly below the results of those who do not practice regular forms of activity.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Alcohol Consumers

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712098583
Author(s):  
Mats Hallgren ◽  
Davy Vancampfort ◽  
Thi-Thuy-Dung Nguyen ◽  
Elin Ekblom-Bak ◽  
Peter Wallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Alcohol Abstainers

Purpose: To describe physical activity habits, sedentary behavior, and cardiorespiratory fitness levels among alcohol abstainers, hazardous and non-hazardous drinkers. Design: Cross-sectional study with data collected between 2017-19. Setting: Sweden. Subjects: Adults aged 18-65 years (n = 47,559; 59.4% male). Measures: During a routine health assessment, participants answered validated single-item questions regarding: habitual physical activity, structured exercise, and the percentage of time spent sedentary during leisure-time (past 30 days), and completed a 6-minute cycle ergometer test (V02max) to determine cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Participants were categorized as alcohol abstainers, non-hazardous drinkers or hazardous drinkers (low/high) based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) cut-points for men and women. Analysis: Logistic regression models stratified by sex and age. Results: Compared to non-hazardous drinkers, the heaviest drinkers were less physically active (males: OR = 1.38, CI = 1.13-1.67, p = .001; females: OR = 1.41, CI = 1.01-1.97, p = .040) and more sedentary during leisure time (males: OR = 1.94, CI = 1.62-2.32, p = .000; females: OR = 1.62, CI = 1.21-2.16, p = .001). Apart from young females, the heaviest drinkers also did less structured exercise than non-hazardous drinkers (males: OR = 1.22, CI = 1.15-1.51, p = .000; females: OR = 1.43, CI = 1.15-1.78, p = .001). The strongest associations were seen among adults aged 40-65 years (shown here). High-hazardous drinking was associated with low CRF among older males only (OR = 1.19, CI = 1.00-1.41). Conclusion: Middle-aged adults with AUDIT-C scores of ≥6 (women) and ≥7 (men) were less physically active and more sedentary during leisure time and may be appropriate targets for physical activity interventions.

scholarly journals Profiles of Loneliness and Social Isolation in Physically Active and Inactive Older Adults in Rural England

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3971
Author(s):  
Jolanthe de Koning ◽  
Suzanne H. Richards ◽  
Grace E. R. Wood ◽  
Afroditi Stathi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Physical Activity Behaviour ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Physically Active

Objective: Loneliness and social isolation are associated with higher risk of morbidity and mortality and physical inactivity in older age. This study explored the socioecological context in which both physically active and inactive older adults experience loneliness and/or social isolation in a UK rural setting. Design: A mixed-methods design employed semi structured interviews and accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Interviews explored the personal, social and environmental factors influencing engagement with physical activities, guided by an adapted-socioecological model of physical activity behaviour. Findings: Twenty-four older adults (MeanAge = 73 (5.8 SD); 12 women) were interviewed. Transcripts were thematically analysed and seven profiles of physical activity, social isolation and loneliness were identified. The high-MVPA group had established PA habits, reported several sources of social contact and evaluated their physical environment as activity friendly. The low MVPA group had diverse experiences of past engagement in social activities. Similar to the high MVPA, they reported a range of sources of social contact but they did not perceive the physical environment as activity friendly. Conclusions: Loneliness and/or social isolation was reported by both physically active and inactive older adults. There is wide diversity and complexity in types and intensity of PA, loneliness and social isolation profiles and personal, social and environmental contexts.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Overview of Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity during School Recess: An Updated Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Sergio Pulido Sánchez ◽  
Damián Iglesias Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
World Health ◽  
After School ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active

Interest in analyzing physically active behaviors during school recesses has grown in recent years as the school environment has consolidated (recess, physical education classes, lunch-time, before and after school) as a crucial space to bring these levels towards those recommended through intervention programs and improvements in the school environment. Unfortunately, in most of these studies, children do not achieve the 60 min a day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommended by the World Health Organization. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the cross-sectional, longitudinal, and intervention studies objectively measured with accelerometers that have emerged in recent years to determine the amount of MVPA of children at recess. This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. The extraction process for the studies included in this systematic review yielded a total of 43 articles. The studies were classified according to the methodological nature of the research: cross-sectional (n = 34), longitudinal (n = 3) and quasi-experimental (n = 6). The results of the studies confirm that during the recess period younger children are physically more active than older ones and that in general, boys are more physically active than girls. In addition, the data show that the school contributes to more than 40% of the total MVPA. The intervention programs led to an increase in MVPA of up to 5%. Providing schools with equipment and facilities shows that intervention programs are beneficial for raising children’s levels of physical activity.

scholarly journals Self-Determined Motivation Mediates the Association between Self-Reported Availability of Green Spaces for Exercising and Physical Activity: An Explorative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1312
Author(s):  
Migle Baceviciene ◽  
Rasa Jankauskiene
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
The Self ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Behavior Regulation ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Practical Implications

The aim of the study was to test the associations between the self-reported access to exercise in green spaces (GS) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) testing the mediating role of the motivation. Based on self-determination theory (SDT), we expected that self-determined motivation will mediate the associations between the self-reported availability of GS for exercising (GSE) and MVPA with the most self-determined exercise regulation forms (identified and intrinsic motivation) demonstrating the strongest positive associations between the variables. Method: The sample consisted of 2154 participants (74.7% women). The ages ranged from 18 to 79 years, with a mean age of 32.6 (SD = 12.2) years. Participants completed the Behavior Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2, the measures of self-reported distance to residential GS (RGS), availability of the GS for exercising (GSE), and physical activity (PA). Logistic regression and path analysis were used to test the associations between study variables. Results: Higher reported distance to RGS was associated with lower reported availability of GSE, but not PA. Availability of GSE was directly associated with more frequent MVPA. More autonomous forms of exercise behavior regulation (intrinsic and identified regulations) mediated the associations between self-reported availability of GSE and MVPA. Internal and identified exercise regulations were directly associated with more frequent MVPA. Conclusions: The results of the present study support the main tenets of SDT suggesting that self-determined behavioral exercise regulation is an important mediator between the self-reported availability of GSE and general MVPA. Practical implications of these findings are discussed herein.

scholarly journals The types and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of Senior Phase learners in Potchefstroom

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 372-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna C.W. De Vos ◽  
Dorita Du Toit ◽  
Dané Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Activities

Background: Worldwide, the health risks of decreasing physical activity levels and increasing sedentary behaviour among adolescents are a raising concern.Objective: To determine the types and levels of physical activity as well as that of sedentary behaviour of a group Senior Phase learners in South Africa.Methods: The adapted Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey (CLASS) questionnaire was used for determining the types and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of 230 Grade 7 learners, from three schools in Potchefstroom. Data were analysed by means of the SAS statistics programme, and descriptive statistics, as well as independent t-tests andeffect sizes (ES) were used.Results: Moderate to high-intensity physical activity levels of between 334 and 361 min per week were found, and sedentary behaviour of between 3077 and 3410 min per week, which implies that between 70.7% and 71.9% of the participants, did not meet the recommended health-based guidelines. Higher activity levels were shown during weekends, where the boys were significantly more active than girls (p < 0.001; ES between 0.21 and 0.56), and girls showed more sedentary behaviours than the boys (ES between 0.18 and 0.20). The leisure time physical activities with the highest participation were soccer, recreational swimming, jogging and dancing, while the sedentary activities were listening to music, riding a vehicle and being busy on the phone.Conclusion: Strategies need to be implemented to raise the physical activity levels of Senior Phase learners, especially during weekdays, and to decrease sedentary behaviour. With this view in mind, recommendations are made for Physical Education teachers.

scholarly journals A study on the lifestyle of school-aged children in Pärnu City and County

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Monika Übner ◽  
Kandela Õun ◽  
Merle Mägi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Biological Parents ◽  
Family Financial Status

In 2013/2014, a study on students’ health behaviour was conducted in Estonia. In 2016, a school-aged children’s lifestyle study was carried out in Pärnu City and Pärnu County. The survey explored the students’ relations with their family and friends, family affluence, physical activity, use of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis. 2,512 respondents participated in the study, 48% of them were boys and 52% girls. The respondents mainly had a family with two biological parents and their family financial status was mostly “good”. About half of the respondents played computer games 0.5–3 hours a day, but those who were physically active spent less hours behind the computer and had higher family financial status. Respondents who were not physically very active met friends less frequently. In communication with friends, they used more social media. The questionnaire included several questions about risk behaviours. If the respondent had one bad habit, this was likely to lead to other bad habits, too.

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