scholarly journals Rys historyczny Teatru Muzycznego Takarazuka – w poszukiwaniu nowego „teatru narodowego”

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Monika Lecińska-Ruchniewicz

The Takarazuka Revue (Takarazuka Kagekidan) occupies an important place among Japanese modern theatres and enjoys unwavering popularity both in Japan and abroad. Both the artistic and commercial character of the idea that brought the first Japanese all-female revue to life in 1914 determined its further development and process of conversion from a simple choir to a full scale musical theater. Kobayashi – the founder of the Takarazuka Revue, an opera aficionado and theater critic – was driven by the need to create a new, affordable and easily understandable national theater that would meet the needs of modern Japanese society. Currently, the Takarazuka Revue is one of the most active and successful modern Japanese theaters. Its harmonious combinationof trends in mass culture and Japanese and Western theatrical traditions is fascinating. The highly characteristic fusion of simplicity and splendour, kitsch and sophistication that can be seen in the revue’s works, creates a unique, albeit somewhat controversial style, complemented by musumeyaku (female emploi) i otokoyaku (male emploi) played by actresses taught in a special school affiliated to the Takarazuka Revue.

Author(s):  
Иван Александрович Гринько

Проблема определения социальных функций различных институтов является одной из важнейших для понимания их роли и пути дальнейшего развития. Данная дискуссия отнюдь не носит чисто теоретический характер, наоборот, вопрос о социальном функционале музея является одним из ключевых для их дальнейшего развития. Некоторые исследователи честно признают, что непонимание социальных функций ведет к резкому снижению эффективности работы музеев. В статье анализируются функции музея как социокультурного института на основе такого историко-антропологического источника как анекдот. Эта проблематика, несмотря на свою принципиальную важность, редко анализировалось в антропологическом ключе. Кроме того, взаимосвязь музея и смеховой культуры практически не пользуется вниманием исследователей, хотя данная тема явно имеет большой потенциал. В качестве основного источника для работы был взят массив современных российских анекдотов, к которому для компаративного анализа привлекался массив советских анекдотов. В общей сложности исследовалось более 500 текстов. По итогам исследования можно сделать вывод, что социальные функции музея не ограничиваются традиционными для музеологии вариантами: сохранение наследия, образование и коммуникация. Музей в фольклорных текстах обладает гораздо более широким кругом социальных функций от инструмента символического потребления и валоризации объектов искусства, до пространства эротической игры. Анализ анекдотов, связанных с музеем, показывает, что, несмотря на не самую высокую популярность этого института, в массовой культуре и сознании, в смеховой культуре четко фиксируются его ключевые функции и проблемы. Это еще раз подтверждает важность анализа фольклорных текстов для оценки роли музея в сообществах любого уровня. Данный материал может быть использован для решения самых различных задач музейного менеджмента от оценки эффективности социокультурной деятельности музея до проведения маркетинговых кампаний. The determination of social functions of institute is one of the most difficult issues in social anthropology. This discussion isn’t absolutely theoretical; on the contrary, the issue of the social functionality of the museum is one of the key issues for their further development. Some researchers honestly admit that a lack of understanding of social functions leads to a sharp decline in the effectiveness of museums. The article analyzes the functions of the museum as a sociocultural institution on the basis of such a historical and anthropological source as anecdote. This issue, despite its fundamental importance, has rarely been analyzed in an anthropological vein. In addition, the interconnection between the museum and the culture of laughter has received little attention from researchers, although this topic clearly has great potential. For this research we used block of contemporary Russian anecdotes and the anecdotes of the soviet period (1917–1991) for comparative analysis. Totally more than 500 texts were analyzed. The analysis of the anecdotes associated with the museum shows that, despite the low popularity of this institution, in mass culture and consciousness, in the culture of laughter, its key functions and problems are clearly recorded. This once again confirms the importance of analyzing folklore texts for assessing the role of the museum in communities of any level. This material can be used to solve a variety of problems of museum management, from assessing the effectiveness of the socio-cultural activities of the museum to marketing campaigns.


1998 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Joy ◽  
Anita Young ◽  
Val Harvais ◽  
Rosemary Chesson

As an adjunct to a pilot project on the use of Goal Attainment Scaling in occupational therapy for children with learning disabilities, children's views of therapeutic intervention were explored. These were investigated by means of interviews held at the residential special school that the children attended and were carried out by a therapist who was unknown to them. During the interview, six photographs (three therapy and three non-therapy related) were presented. Each child's response was recorded by the interviewer. Despite the seven children having emotional and behavioural difficulties, all cooperated during the interviews, looking at the photographs and not displaying any challenging behaviour. When the children's responses were categorised in terms of their unique styles of communication, more positive reactions to the photographs relating to occupational therapy than to the others were noted. It is acknowledged, however, that further development work is required in order to establish the reliability and validity of the method.


Author(s):  
Petr Vácha ◽  
Ladislav Bělovský

The helium-cooled Gas Fast Reactor (GFR) is one of the six reactor concepts selected for further development in the frame of the Generation IV International Forum (GIF). Since no gas cooled fast reactor has ever been built, a small demonstration reactor is necessary on the road towards the full-scale GFR reactor. A concept of this demonstrator is called ALLEGRO. The French Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) developed between 2001–2009 a pre-conceptual design of both the full-scale GFR called GFR2400 and the small demonstration unit called ALLEGRO (75 MWt). Since 2013 ALLEGRO has been under development by several partners from Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. No severe accident study of ALLEGRO using a dedicated computer code has been published so far. This paper is the first attempt to perform computer simulations of the ALLEGRO CEA 2009 concept, using MELCOR version 2.1. A model of the ALLEGRO CEA 2009 concept has been developed with the aim to perform safety analyses; to confirm that MELCOR can be used for such a study, to investigate what scenarios lead to a severe accident and to study in detail the progression of the severe accident during the in-vessel phase. Several pressurized and depressurized protected scenarios were investigated; four of them are presented in this paper. It was observed that even long-lasting station blackout (SBO) without further failures of the passive safety systems does not lead to a severe accident as long as there is enough water in the decay heat removal (DHR) system. Loss of coolant (LOCA) transients with DHR system in the forced-convection mode can lead to peak cladding temperatures causing limited core damage in the early phase of the accidents, but without further development into core meltdown. On the other hand, LOCA combined with SBO leads to excessive core melting in orders of minutes, which represents a weak point of ALLEGRO 2009 concept. Recommendations were formulated for the further development of the ALLEGRO concept.


Author(s):  
Владимир Рувимович Аронов

Искусство инсталляции занимает важное место в творчестве дизайнеров XX – начала XXI вв. Не отрываясь от реальных предметных форм, они создавали многочисленные композиции, заставлявшие по-новому воспринимать их проектные идеи, которые опережали свое время и помогали бороться со стилевыми упрощениями и штампами в массовой культуре. В статье рассмотрены различные типы инсталляций и особенности уникального, авторского мировосприятия дизайнерами окружающей среды. The art of installation occupies an important place in the creative work of designers of the 20th and early 21st centuries. Without detaching themselves from real subject forms, they created numerous compositions that made them perceive their project ideas in a new way, which were ahead of their time and helped to overcome style simplifications and stamps in mass culture. In the article various types of installations and features of the unique, author's worldview by environmental designers are considered.


2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-154
Author(s):  
V. T. Paka ◽  
M. N. Golenko ◽  
A. A. Kondrashov ◽  
A. O. Korzh ◽  
M. R. Lander ◽  
...  

Achievements in development of the technique of operational measurements of the water structure in the bottom layer, based on vertical profiling of the water column using standard multiparameter probes operated with an armored cable in a free fall mode from surface to bottom are presented. Instead of cable winches, simpler devices operating on the principle of longline houler have been proposed. Full-scale tests have shown that the new universal Underway CTD system is not inferior to its counterparts and has prospects for further development.


Res Publica ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-412
Author(s):  
Frank Delmartino

The restructuration of municipalities which has been decided by the Belgian government, is not only a purely technical operatzon but rather, and in the first place, a social problem. The shape and duty-profile of a local authority should not, indeed, be attuned only to fast changing expectations as far as services are concerned, but to consultation and participation as well.Public administration research cannot keep aloof from this debate, but is considerably hampered by the institutional confusion and the insufficient explicitation of the aims of the present reform. A starting-pointcan, however, be found in the mergers of municipalities that were realized in 1964 and in 1970/1971. In 67 of these municipalities an inquiry was held concerning the consequences of the merger, and moreover, in twotest-cases (Oudenaarde and Brugge) this inquiry grew to a full-scale systematic policy analysis.This research shows that, as a rule, the former municipalities are reasonably represented in the new entity's council, but it also reveals that few efforts are made to give this representation a broader impact along formal or informal participation-channels. Integration of employees has not caused insurmountable problems. However, in large sized municipalities, resulting from mergers, one could notice a drastic increase in municipal personnel, not only with regard to new duties and objectives but to traditional administrative and police duties as well. Such a phenomenon points to the far-reaching changes which a substantial scale-increase provokes in a municipality's structure and policy profile. A large municipality resulting from mergers is no langer a simple sum of component parts, but a completely new entity, wishing to catch up as fast as possible with comparable municipalities that passed through a progressive growth process. Therefore, scale-increase is not only a means of economizing or an intra-administrative matter, but rather a way of creating chances for further development or wealth and well-being.


2021 ◽  
pp. 76-86
Author(s):  
Iaroslav Petrunenko ◽  
Valentyna Chychun ◽  
Nataliia Shuprudko ◽  
Yuliia Kalynichenko ◽  
Issa Ali

This article is devoted to the study of trends in the management of global economic development in the post-pandemic period. The paper developed recommendations for further development of countries in the context of the recurrence of pandemics. With this in mind, the main trends in the development of countries during the pandemic were considered and the impact of quarantine on the economies of various countries was determined. To model the future actions of states, based on studies of the historical preconditions for the development of countries in the post-crisis period, the basic patterns were identified, allowing to predict different scenarios of world economic development. The article introduces a forecasting method of global economic development based on the quadrant of trust and affluence of the population, which allows predicting various options for post-pandemic development according to four possible scenarios. The first option is a rapid V-shaped growth, which is based on the fact that with a sufficient level of public confidence in the government, as soon as the quarantine restrictions expire, the economy will gain momentum. The second one is the long-term U-shaped growth, which is expected to take place in terms of insufficient public confidence in the government, with a population reluctant to invest in economic growth. The third one is the L-shaped development, which does not provide for economic recovery in the short run due to public distrust and the impossibility of business recovery. Finally, the fourth scenario is the worst one: it's the way of development, that occurs in case of impossibility of survival and complete distrust to the government; the population will be forced to organize protests and revolutions, thus making the economy operate even worse. According to the expectations of international regulators, V or U-shaped recovery of the world economy after the COVID-19 pandemic is expected nowadays. Most businessmen believe that post-pandemic development will be U-shaped. To improve the mechanisms of managing the development of world economies, the directions of development are proposed focused not on capitalist, but social goals. The state should occupy an important place in this process acting as a guarantor of efficient allocation of resources and providing social guarantees to the population during possible further cataclysms.


2020 ◽  
pp. 90-102
Author(s):  
Aleksandr A. Molkov ◽  
Vadim V. Pelevin

The current paper presents the results of a full-scale study of the fluorescence features of pollutants ( diesel fuel, Urals oil), as well as an alcoholic solution of oleic acid, which imitates oil by visco-elastic characteristics. The experiment was carried out on the Gorky Reservoir under conditions of wind waves. Local areas of artificial slicks were created for multiple intersections at different angles to the wind and waves with continuous lidar sounding of the upper water layer. Signals were recorded by the ninth generation UVL-9 laser ultraviolet fluorescent lidar developed by the Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. At signal analysis, spectral intensities and fluorescence features of the studied substances are determined, possibilities of slick detecting as well as film thickness estimation are made, examples of surfactant film detecting behind the oleic slick where visual observation of pollutants does not give a result are showed. The obtained results are useful for the further development of fluorescent methods and devices for operational remote sensing of surface pollution on wave water surface.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-143
Author(s):  
Galina N. Vorontsova

The article is based on the thesis that in the writer’s works it is always possible to trace the existence of periods marked by the emergence of new themes and motives. As a rule, this is due both to external circumstances and the artist’s reaction to them, his internal feeling of the need to change the paradigm of his further development. In the work of A.N. Tolstoy one of such periods was the era of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and, in particular, the first revolutionary years, which are characterized by artistic experiments of the writer, allowing to talk about a definitely new vector of his searches. The article analyzes Tolstoy’s stories Mercy!, Peter’s Day, Count Cagliostro and Delirious in the context of the writer’s artistic searches of the 1918–1919. The writer’s work within the boundaries of small prosaic genres at that time allowed him, already in the second half of 1919, to come close to the creation of a full-scale canvas about the Russian Revolution, the novel The Road to Calvary.


Author(s):  
Kevin Winkler

Everything Is Choreography: The Musical Theater of Tommy Tune is the first full-scale analysis of the work of Tommy Tune, and his place in a lineage of Broadway’s great director-choreographers. The decade of the 1980s was considered a low point for the American musical. Tune’s predecessors in the art of complete musical staging like Jerome Robbins, Bob Fosse, Gower Champion, and Michael Bennett were either dead or withdrawn from the Broadway arena. Yet it was the period of Tune’s greatest success. The book examines how he adapted to an increasingly corporatized, high-stakes producing and funding environment. It considers how Tune kept the American musical a thriving, creative enterprise at a time when Broadway was dominated by British imports. It investigates Tune’s work since the mid-1990s, when he shifted his attentions to touring and regional productions, far from the glare of Broadway. Unlike his fellow director-choreographers, Tune also maintained a successful performing career, and the book details the deft balancing act that kept him working as a popular singer-dancer-actor while he was directing a series of striking and influential Broadway musicals.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document