scholarly journals « La religion se trouvera vraie » : désenchantement et merveilles de la science chez Renan

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Azélie Fayolle
Keyword(s):  
Sacred Texts ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Religious Ideal

In 1863, the publication of Vie de Jésus makes Renan part of the movement of “desymbolisation” and secularization of sacred texts. Eliminating the notion of miracles from his writing on religion, Renan anticipates the pattern of Weber and Gauchet’s “disenchantment of the world”. It is thus by the methods of scientific analysis (eviction of miracles and psychological explications instead) that Renan is able to piece together the Messiah’s life, putting forward the idea of an organic Parousia, and making science a new religious ideal.

scholarly journals Michel Seress’ Integumentum, or Why Ecology Lies (Also) Beyond Arguments

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-82
Author(s):  
Alexandru Matei ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ecological Theory ◽  
Sacred Texts ◽  
Michel Serres ◽  
The World ◽  
The Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages, integumentum was a term widely used by “intellectuals” (Le Goff) in order to unfold the function of allegory: there is no story whose signification does not echo the sacred texts, and every sacred truth needs a story to bring it to life. Integumentum was a way to make this echo explicit: a sort of “poetical coat hiding a moral or philosophical truth” (John of Garland). We want to suggest that, while no one uses integumentum anymore in order to designate the rhetoric of modern and contemporary theoretical discourse, it is in ecological theory that we may rediscover its afterlives. Hence, integumentum is not only a form of telling truths, but a form of memory, as well. In this respect, Michel Serres may be considered the first “ecological” thinker, as he avoids abstract metalanguages as much as possible, relying instead on fictions and characters in his attempt to describe the world afresh. If integumentum resurfaces as the proper way of “ecologizing,” instead of modernizing (Latour), we would like to uncover, in Michel Serres’ works, the dialectic of subjects and objects.

Bringing the Dead Home: Hindu Invitation Rituals in Tamil South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-142
Author(s):  
Amy L Allocco
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Human Host ◽  
Sacred Texts ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The World ◽  
The Dead

AbstractDrawing on long-term ethnographic fieldwork carried out in Tamil-speaking South India, this article presents one Hindu invitation ritual to return dead relatives known as pūvāṭaikkāri to the world of the living and install them as household deities. This two-day ceremony demonstrates that prevailing scholarly perceptions of death and what follows it in Hindu traditions have constrained our ability to appreciate other models for ritual relationships between the living and the dead. These vernacular rituals call the dead back into the world, convince them to possess a human host, and persuade them to be permanently installed in the family’s domestic shrine so they may protect and sustain living kin. Rather than aiming to irrevocably separate the dead from the living, these rites are instead oriented toward eventual conjunction with the dead and therefore reveal a fundamentally different picture than that articulated in the majority of Hinduism’s sacred texts and scholarly accounts.

scholarly journals English and Russian Genitive Alternations: A Study in Construction Typology

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-116
Author(s):  
Sergei Monakhov
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Genitive Case

There is little doubt that one of the most important areas of future research within the framework of Construction Grammar will be the comparative study of constructions in different languages of the world. One significant gain that modern Construction Grammar can make thanks to the cross-linguistic perspective is finding a clue to some contradictory cases of construction alternation. The aim of the present paper is to communicate the results of a case study of two pairs of alternating constructions in English and Russian: s-genitive (SG) and of-genitive (OG) in English and noun + noun in genitive case (NNG) and relative adjective derived from noun + noun (ANG) in Russian. It is evident that the long years of elaborate scientific analysis have not yielded any universally accepted view on the problem of English genitive alternation. There are at least five different accounts of this problem: the hypotheses of the animacy hierarchy, given-new hierarchy, topic-focus hierarchy, end-weight principle, and two semantically distinct constructions. We hypothesised that in this case the comparison of the distribution of two English and two Russian genitives could be insightful. The analysis presupposed two consecutive steps. First, we established an inter-language comparability of two pairs of constructions in English and Russian. Second, we tested the similarity of intra-language distribution of each pair of constructions from the perspective of the animacy hierarchy. For these two purposes, two types of corpora were used: (1) a translation corpus consisting of original texts in one language and their translations into one or more languages; and (2) national corpora consisting of original texts in two respective languages. It was established that in both languages, the choice between members of an alternating pair is governed by the rules of animacy hierarchisation. Additionally, it was possible to disprove the idea that the animacy hierarchy is necessarily based on the linearisation hierarchy. Two Russian constructions are typologically aligned with their English counterparts, not on the grounds of the linear order of head and modifier but on the grounds of structural similarity. The English SG and Russian NNG construction are diametrically opposed in terms of word order. However, they reveal the same underlying structure of the inflectional genitive as contrasted with the analytical genitive of the Russian ANG and the English OG. These findings speak strongly in favour of the animacy hierarchy account of English genitive alternation.

scholarly journals PUBLICIST SPEECHES OF YURIY KOSACH ABOUT THE EUROPEAN THEATER IN THE PAGES OF EMIGRATION PERIODICALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9.1 (85.1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Semenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Literary Journalism ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Modern Drama ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
World Drama ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Organic Combination

The purpose of the scientific study is a comprehensive analysis of theatrical concept of Yuriy Kosach through the prism of his culturological journalism, which was published in the pages of emigration journals. The study emphasizes that Yuriy Kosach's theatrical publications are a logical continuation of the theatrical critique of the Drahomanov-Kosach family, which formed the spiritual tastes of Ukrainians and generated their socio-political guidelines in light of development of the latest social sentiments in Europe and the world. The article highlights one of the facets of Yuri Kosach's journalistic activity: an attentive literary critic of world drama. Yuri Kosach's journalistic speeches on the peculiarities of the development of European theater, the specifics of the development of a new modern drama, published in the pages of emigration periodicals, are studied. The research focuses on the individual manner of Kosach-critic: the organic combination of scientific analysis and journalistic pathos in the study of significant dramatic phenomena of foreign literature, encyclopedic erudition, the accuracy of theoretical definitions. It is emphasized that the organic combination of journalistic talent and original creative practice in the field of drama made it possible to immerse deeply into the creative laboratory of foreign playwrights, to highlight the best that could contribute to the renewal of the Ukrainian theater. Some components of the theatrical concept of the publicist are clarified; elements of Yuriy Kosach's innovative approaches in covering an important worldview problem are highlighted. The article focuses on the publicist's theoretical reflections on the leading style in European drama of the postwar period and the secrets of the creative laboratory of the leading creators of modern drama in Western Europe in the second half of the twentieth century. The author of the article notes that the literary journalism of Yuri Kosach on the development of world drama is a reflection of his worldview, explains the heterogeneity of its ideological accents. Emphasis is placed on the relevance of the ideological sound of Kosach's journalism for the development of modern literary journalism.

scholarly journals A case analysis of political discourse ambivalence: Between the truth and falsity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyubov Gurevich
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Relations ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Political Statement ◽  
The World ◽  
Actual Meaning

Many false statements in connection with COVID-19 have fueled a number of rumors and conspiracy theories in the world. Politicians tend to use complicated technical systems and information technologies in order to influence people’s consciousness, feelings and social behavior. Under the guise of taking care of people’s wellbeing they pursue their own objectives. The political leaders have challenged the world with their claims and political statements which hypocritically announced their striving to serve for the sake of the nations, but in fact demonstrating their strong will to benefit from the situation. However, their actions are not treated by people as aggression and don’t lead to open confrontation and aggravation of military and political relations. They paradoxically manage to balance between the truth and falsity, demonstrating ambivalence of what they state in their speeches and appeals to the nations. The basic methods of political discourse ambivalence analysis, used in the article, are: (a) fact-checking method, (b) scientific analysis of the evidence, (c) peer-reviewed studies and the others. There has been also used a method of logical comparison of three options of political discourse: Political Statement → Fact → Consequence. The analysis of mass media articles, devoted to Covid-19, has helped the author to systematize the elements of political discourse processing (the politicians’ statements for the good of the people) and political cognition (the actual meaning of those actions, which can potentially lead to confrontation between nations). The author is trying to find out the actual reasons of the growing gap between the governments and ordinary people, between nations in the world.

scholarly journals Responsibility, God and society: The cry of the Other in the sacred texts as a challenge towards responsible global citizenship

2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann-Albrecht Meylahn
Keyword(s):  
Global Citizenship ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Tradition ◽  
Christian Identity ◽  
Sacred Texts ◽  
Identity Constructions ◽  
The World ◽  
Cosmopolitan Citizenship ◽  
Global World

The article seeks to respond to the question: What role can the sacred texts play in the construction of a Christian identity that is responsible to the Other in a pluralistic global world? The sacred texts of the Judaic-Christian tradition offer not only an understanding of the wholly otherness of God, but also form the basis of our understanding and perception of humanity (anthropology), the world and ourselves (personhood/identity). This understanding is constructed in the context of responding to the call of the wholly Other and the others. Identities are traditionally constructed through the identification and exclusion of differences (otherness), thus leading to an ethic of exclusion and responsibility only to oneself/ourselves. Yet these identity-forming texts harbour a persistent otherness, which challenges these traditional identities by interrupting them with a call to responsibility toward the other. The otherness harboured in these texts takes various forms, namely: The otherness of the ancient world to our world, the otherness of the transcendental Other, and the otherness of the text itself, as there is always a différance that has not yet been heard. These various forms of otherness, of our identity-forming texts, deconstruct our identity constructions, thus calling us to a continuous responsibility towards the other. This call could form the basis of a Christian identity and ethic of global cosmopolitan citizenship that is always responding to the eschatological interruption by the other, who is not yet present or who has not been offered presence.

PROBLEMATIKA HERMENEUTIKA SEBAGAI METODE TAFSIR AL-QUR’AN

EMPIRISMA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shobiri Muslim
Keyword(s):  
Biblical Interpretation ◽  
Sacred Texts ◽  
Religious Truth ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Qur'anic Interpretation

Hermeneutics is one of the popular subjects in the world, especially in Indonesia. The subject of hermeneutics is taught in Islamic universities in Indonesia, particularly in the faculty of Ushuluddin. This paper will examine hermeneutics as a method of Qur’anic interpretation. It argues that hermeneutics is in fact based on negative assumptions about sacred texts, leading to the desacralization of the texts as well as the relativism of religious truth. This paper found that hermeneutics is relevant only as a method of biblical interpretation. There are problems when it is applied to the Qur’anic interpretation because Tafsir and Hermeneutics are two different methods.Keywords: Hermeneutika, Teks Suci, Tafsir

Principal approaches to regulation of social networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Z.M. Chumachenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Regulation Of Activity ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Monitoring Platform

Researched is the phenomena of social networks as in recent years were being inseparable part of modern reality, uniting in various estimations near 4 billion users in the world. As any other mass occasion in society, social networks have significant influence on society and naturally are in zone of special attention of state regulation. The aim of the article is to analyze approaches to regulation of social networks, using in various countries, as well as evaluation of their effectiveness. The research is based on data of sociological researchers of such monitoring platform as agencies Hootsuite, Brand Analitic and Statista. As methodological fundament are being traditional methods of scientific analysis, system and comparative analysis. The novelty of the research connected is with attempt to discuss various approaches of countries of the world to the problem of regulation of activity of social networks, and to mark their actual tendencies, plusses and minuses.

Writing Your Own Scripture?

Horizons ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Sacred Texts ◽  
Primary Resource ◽  
The World ◽  
Practical Guidelines

AbstractIs it possible to write contemporary scripture? This discussion highlights the pedagogical value not only of teaching with primary resource materials, but also of having students creatively rewrite sacred texts. First, I discuss the purpose of a religious studies journal, and then provide some practical guidelines for journal-keeping along with suggestions for grading them. Secondly, I focus upon one type of creative journal exercise—rewriting sacred texts. In response to Ira Progoff s statements that we can create the Bibles of the world anew by recording images drawn up from our depth consciousness, I encourage students to write scripture-styled passages which deepen their appreciation for and understanding of sacred texts. To conclude, I provide six sample creative journal exercises, one from each of the sacred texts read in my Eastern Religions classes, along with several student responses.

scholarly journals THE SYMBOLS OF WISDOM IN VISHNU PURANA AND “THE THREE BROTHERS AND THE GOLDEN APPLE” (ON SOME GENERAL PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS IN THE BULGARIAN FAIRYTALE AND VISHNU PURANA, CHAPTER 2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Anna KALTSEVA
Keyword(s):  
Human Society ◽  
Sacred Texts ◽  
The Third ◽  
Divine Wisdom ◽  
Tree Of Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Creation Of Life

e article draws parallels between the Bulgarian fairytale “The Three Brothers and the Golden Apple” and the second chapter of Vishnu Purana. The general philosophical aspects of these texts, which serve as a basis for the proposed hypothesis, are discussed. These are narratives of wisdom as a basis for the creation, development, existence of life, and human civilization. The gold thread in Vishnu Purana and the golden apple in the Bulgarian magic fairytale are symbols of knowledge and wisdom, with the power of which the visible world and the human society were created. If in Vishnu Purana this symbol is wrapped in a philosophical narrative about the creation of life, in “The Three Brothers and the Golden Apple” philosophy is hidden behind the seemingly concrete images and characters of the fairytale. In “The Three Brothers and the Golden Apple”, the tree with golden fruits symbolizes the tree of knowledge - an image that is present in all the sacred texts of the religions around the world. The tale is a story of the trials that one goes through in order to overcome one’s weaknesses, to know oneself, to understand the spiritual possibilities and qualities that make a person close and equal to God. The third brother continues his journey in the world, having a faithful companion - his intuition, symbolized by the most beautiful and intelligent princess. The third brother, or the symbol of the man who has overcome his weaknesses, can always benefit from the eternal Divine wisdom, symbolized by the golden apple.

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