Towards development of a bio-inspired artificial muscle using IPMC for potential applications in robotics

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Farid A. Tolbah ◽  
Magdy M. Abdelhameed ◽  
Mohammed Ibrahim Awad ◽  
Sabreen Abdallah Abdelwahab
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Potential Applications

Theoretical Modeling, Analysis, and Experimental Results of a Hydraulic Artificial Muscle Prototype

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon E. Slightam ◽  
Mark L. Nagurka
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mechanics ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Theoretical Modeling ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Mobile Manipulation ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
High Internal Pressure

Abstract Fluidic braided artificial muscles have been studied for close to seventy years. Their high power-to-weight ratio and force-to-weight ratio make them a desirable actuation technology for compact and lightweight mobile manipulation. Use of hydraulics with fluidic artificial muscles has helped realize high actuation forces with new potential applications. To achieve large actuation forces produced from high internal pressure, artificial muscles operate near the limitations of their mechanical strength. Design improvements and future applications in mechanical systems will benefit from detailed theoretical analysis of the fluidic artificial muscle mechanics. This paper presents the theoretical modeling of a hydraulic artificial muscle, analysis of its mechanics, and experimental results that validate the model. A prototype is analyzed that operates at 14 MPa and can generate up to 6.3 kN of force and a displacement of 21.5 mm. This model promises to be useful for mechanical system design and model-based control.

scholarly journals New twist on artificial muscles

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (42) ◽  
pp. 11709-11716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carter S. Haines ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Geoffrey M. Spinks ◽  
Ali E. Aliev ◽  
Jiangtao Di ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Polymer Fibers ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
New Class ◽  
Hysteretic Performance ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Thermally Actuated ◽  
Sewing Threads ◽  
Response To Temperature

Lightweight artificial muscle fibers that can match the large tensile stroke of natural muscles have been elusive. In particular, low stroke, limited cycle life, and inefficient energy conversion have combined with high cost and hysteretic performance to restrict practical use. In recent years, a new class of artificial muscles, based on highly twisted fibers, has emerged that can deliver more than 2,000 J/kg of specific work during muscle contraction, compared with just 40 J/kg for natural muscle. Thermally actuated muscles made from ordinary polymer fibers can deliver long-life, hysteresis-free tensile strokes of more than 30% and torsional actuation capable of spinning a paddle at speeds of more than 100,000 rpm. In this perspective, we explore the mechanisms and potential applications of present twisted fiber muscles and the future opportunities and challenges for developing twisted muscles having improved cycle rates, efficiencies, and functionality. We also demonstrate artificial muscle sewing threads and textiles and coiled structures that exhibit nearly unlimited actuation strokes. In addition to robotics and prosthetics, future applications include smart textiles that change breathability in response to temperature and moisture and window shutters that automatically open and close to conserve energy.

scholarly journals Direct Writing Corrugated PVC Gel Artificial Muscle via Multi-Material Printing Processes

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2734
Author(s):  
Bin Luo ◽  
Yiding Zhong ◽  
Hualing Chen ◽  
Zicai Zhu ◽  
Yanjie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Manufacturing Methods ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Different Characteristics

Electroactive PVC gel is a new artificial muscle material with good performance that can mimic the movement of biological muscle in an electric field. However, traditional manufacturing methods, such as casting, prevent the broad application of this promising material because they cannot achieve the integration of the PVC gel electrode and core layer, and at the same time, it is difficult to create complex and diverse structures. In this study, a multi-material, integrated direct writing method is proposed to fabricate corrugated PVC gel artificial muscle. Inks with suitable rheological properties were developed for printing four functional layers, including core layers, electrode layers, sacrificial layers, and insulating layers, with different characteristics. The curing conditions of the printed CNT/SMP inks under different applied conditions were also discussed. The structural parameters were optimized to improve the actuating performance of the PVC gel artificial muscle. The corrugated PVC gel with a span of 1.6 mm had the best actuating performance. Finally, we printed three layers of corrugated PVC gel artificial muscle with good actuating performance. The proposed method can help to solve the inherent shortcomings of traditional manufacturing methods of PVC gel actuators. The printed structures have potential applications in many fields, such as soft robotics and flexible electronic devices.

scholarly journals Self-contained soft electrofluidic actuators

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (34) ◽  
pp. eabf8080
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Yangqiao Lin ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Yuwen Liang ◽  
Jinrong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Muscle Stretching ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Soft Actuators

Soft robotics revolutionized human-robot interactions, yet there exist persistent challenges for developing high-performance soft actuators that are powerful, rapid, controllable, safe, and portable. Here, we introduce a class of self-contained soft electrofluidic actuators (SEFAs), which can directly convert electrical energy into the mechanical energy of the actuators through electrically responsive fluids that drive the outside elastomer deformation. The use of special dielectric liquid enhances fluid flow capabilities, improving the actuation performance of the SEFAs. SEFAs are easily manufactured by using widely available materials and common fabrication techniques, and display excellent comprehensive performances in portability, controllability, rapid response, versatility, safety, and actuation. An artificial muscle stretching a joint and a soft bionic ray swimming in a tank demonstrate their effective performance. Hence, SEFAs offer a platform for developing soft actuators with potential applications in wearable assistant devices and soft robots.

Designing multifunctional gels with electrical conductivity, mechanical toughness and self-oscillating performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1739-1746
Author(s):  
Jie Ren ◽  
Lingling Zhao ◽  
Aixia Zhang ◽  
Lan Zhang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Artificial Muscle ◽  
Polymer Gels ◽  
New Class ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Muscle Actuators ◽  
Oscillating Chemical Reaction

Self-oscillating polymer gels driven by the Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) oscillating chemical reaction are a new class of functional gels that have potential applications in autonomously functioning membranes and as artificial muscle actuators.

An in situ and ex situ TEM study of the formation of thin cobalt silicide films by molecular beam epitaxy on the silicon (100) surface

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 884-885
Author(s):  
D. Loretto ◽  
J. M. Gibson ◽  
S. M. Yalisove ◽  
R. T. Tung
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Defect Density ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Metal Base ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Potential Applications

The cobalt disilicide/silicon system has potential applications as a metal-base and as a permeable-base transistor. Although thin, low defect density, films of CoSi2 on Si(111) have been successfully grown, there are reasons to believe that Si(100)/CoSi2 may be better suited to the transmission of electrons at the silicon/silicide interface than Si(111)/CoSi2. A TEM study of the formation of CoSi2 on Si(100) is therefore being conducted. We have previously reported TEM observations on Si(111)/CoSi2 grown both in situ, in an ultra high vacuum (UHV) TEM and ex situ, in a conventional Molecular Beam Epitaxy system.The procedures used for the MBE growth have been described elsewhere. In situ experiments were performed in a JEOL 200CX electron microscope, extensively modified to give a vacuum of better than 10-9 T in the specimen region and the capacity to do in situ sample heating and deposition. Cobalt was deposited onto clean Si(100) samples by thermal evaporation from cobalt-coated Ta filaments.

Microstructure of laser-irradiated, conducting Kapton polyimide

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 502-503
Author(s):  
D. L. Callahan ◽  
Z. Ball ◽  
H. M. Phillips ◽  
R. Sauerbrey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Utility ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Potential Applications

Ultraviolet laser-irradiation can be used to induce an insulator-to-conductor phase transition on the surface of Kapton polyimide. Such structures have potential applications as resistors or conductors for VLSI applications as well as general utility electrodes. Although the percolative nature of the phase transformation has been well-established, there has been little definitive work on the mechanism or extent of transformation. In particular, there has been considerable debate about whether or not the transition is primarily photothermal in nature, as we propose, or photochemical. In this study, cross-sectional optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy are utilized to characterize the nature of microstructural changes associated with the laser-induced pyrolysis of polyimide.Laser-modified polyimide samples initially 12 μm thick were prepared in cross-section by standard ultramicrotomy. Resulting contraction in parallel to the film surface has led to distortions in apparent magnification. The scale bars shown are calibrated for the direction normal to the film surface only.

Fabrication and characterization - by High Resolution Electron Microscopy and atom probe microanalysis - of Co-based metallic multilayer films

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-773
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Petford-Long ◽  
A. Cerezo ◽  
M.G. Hetherington
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Multilayer Films ◽  
Interface Roughness ◽  
Probe Field ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Field Ion Microscope

The fabrication of multilayer films (MLF) with layer thicknesses down to one monolayer has led to the development of materials with unique properties not found in bulk materials. The properties of interest depend critically on the structure and composition of the films, with the interfacial regions between the layers being of particular importance. There are a number of magnetic MLF systems based on Co, several of which have potential applications as perpendicular magnetic (e.g Co/Cr) or magneto-optic (e.g. Co/Pt) recording media. Of particular concern are the effects of parameters such as crystallographic texture and interface roughness, which are determined by the fabrication conditions, on magnetic properties and structure.In this study we have fabricated Co-based MLF by UHV thermal evaporation in the prechamber of an atom probe field-ion microscope (AP). The multilayers were deposited simultaneously onto cobalt field-ion specimens (for AP and position-sensitive atom probe (POSAP) microanalysis without exposure to atmosphere) and onto the flat (001) surface of oxidised silicon wafers (for subsequent study in cross-section using high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) in a JEOL 4000EX. Deposi-tion was from W filaments loaded with material in the form of wire (Co, Fe, Ni, Pt and Au) or flakes (Cr). The base pressure in the chamber was around 8×10−8 torr during deposition with a typical deposition rate of 0.05 - 0.2nm/s.

Progress and perspectives on halide lithium conductors for all-solid-state lithium batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1429-1461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaona Li ◽  
Jianwen Liang ◽  
Xiaofei Yang ◽  
Keegan R. Adair ◽  
Changhong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Electrochemical Stability ◽  
Superionic Conductors ◽  
Fundamental Understanding ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Synthesis Routes

This review focuses on fundamental understanding, various synthesis routes, chemical/electrochemical stability of halide-based lithium superionic conductors, and their potential applications in energy storage as well as related challenges.

Porphyrin-functionalized coordination star polymers and their potential applications in photodynamic therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 6116-6121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Ji ◽  
Lei Xia ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Guang-Qiang Yin ◽  
Tao Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Star Polymers ◽  
New Family ◽  
Potential Applications

We present a new family of porphyrin-functionalized coordination star polymers prepared through combination of coordination-driven self-assembly and post-assembly polymerization. Their self-assembly behaviour in water and potential for photodynamic therapy were demonstrated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document