Three. A New Perspective on Health: The Second Public Health Revolution

1991 ◽  
pp. 68-96
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New Perspective

scholarly journals Measuring the Differences of Public Health Service Facilities and Their Influencing Factors

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1225
Author(s):  
Shihang Fu ◽  
Yaolin Liu ◽  
Ying Fang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Location Factors ◽  
Current Resource ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
New Perspective

The equitable distribution of public health facilities is a major concern of urban planners. Previous studies have explored the balance and fairness of various medical resource distributions using the accessibility of in-demand public medical service facilities while ignoring the differences in the supply of public medical service facilities. First aid data with location information and patient preference information can reflect the ability of each hospital and the health inequities in cities. Determining which factors affect the measured differences in public medical service facilities and how to alter these factors will help researchers formulate targeted policies to solve the current resource-balance situation of the Ministry of Public Health. In this study, we propose a method to measure the differences in influence among hospitals based on actual medical behavior and use geographically weighted regression (GWR) to analyze the spatial correlations among the location, medical equipment, medical ability, and influencing factors of each hospital. The results show that Wuhan presents obvious health inequality, with the high-grade hospitals having spatial agglomeration in the city-center area, while the number and quality of hospitals in the peripheral areas are lower than those in the central area; thus, the hospitals in these peripheral areas need to be further improved. The method used in this study can measure differences in the influence of public medical service facilities, and the results are consistent with the measured differences at hospital level. Hospital influence is not only related to the equipment and medical ability of each hospital but is also affected by location factors. This method illustrates the necessity of conducting more empirical research on the public medical service supply to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted policies from a new perspective.

Fundamentals of Public Health — A New Perspective Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 385 (6) ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
Barry R. Bloom ◽  
Debra Malina ◽  
Genevra Pittman ◽  
Stephen Morrissey ◽  
Eric J. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
New Perspective

Youth gambling: A public health perspective

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Messerlian ◽  
Jeffrey L. Derevensky
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Youth Gambling ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Support Research

Over the last decade research in the area of youth gambling has led to a better understanding of the risk factors, trajectories and problems associated with this behaviour. At the same time, governments have begun to recognize the importance of youth gambling and have offered to support research and treatment programs. Yet, public health and prevention in the realm of youth gambling has only recently drawn the attention of researchers and health professionals. Early work by Korn and Shaffer (1999) set the groundwork for a public health approach to gambling. This paper attempts to apply health promotion theory to youth gambling and describes a conceptual framework and model. Strategies focus on addressing risk and protective factors through community mobilization, health communication, and policy development. It is anticipated that this paper will provide future directions and serve as a starting point for addressing youth gambling issues from this new perspective.

scholarly journals National Lockdown to Cope with COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects (Contradictory) on Public Health and (Negative) on Economic System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Coccia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Structural Indicators

Abstract One of the policy responses to cope with effects of COVID-19 pandemic in society is the national lockdown applied by many countries worldwide. Literature lacks of studies that show whether the effects of this public policy on public health, environment and socioeconomic systems have been effective or not during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Empirical analysis of this study focuses on some European countries that have applied different containment measures based on national lockdown with longer period (more than a month) and a shorter period (of max 15 days). The evidence shows that longer period of national lockdown by governments seem to generate contradictory effects on public health, whereas on economic growth induces a negative impact given by high contraction of real GDP growth %. This result here can be helpful to policymakers for new policy choices directed to design appropriate measures of containment based on a shorter temporal duration and applied on selected areas and places at risk, rather than general and uniform interventions of lockdown and reduction of mobility. This new perspective of public policy to cope with pandemic crisis of the COVID-19 and future epidemics of similar viral agents can balance the likely positive effects on public health without to deteriorate the structural indicators of economic system.

scholarly journals Reviewing School Uniform through a Public Health Lens: Evidence about the Impacts of School Uniform on Education and Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Reidy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
School Uniforms ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
The Status ◽  
School Uniform ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health ◽  
New Perspective

This study uses a public health lens to review evidence about the impacts of wearing a school uniform on students’ health and educational outcomes. It also reviews the underlying rationales for school uniform use, exploring historical reasons for uniform use, as well as how questions of equity, human rights, and the status of children as a vulnerable group are played out in debates over school uniforms. The literature identified indicates that uniforms have no direct impact on academic performance, yet directly impact physical and psychological health. Girls, ethnic and religious minorities, gender-diverse students and poorer students suffer harm disproportionately from poorly designed uniform policies and garments that do not suit their physical and socio-cultural needs. Paradoxically, for some students, uniform creates a barrier to education that it was originally instituted to remedy. The article shows that public health offers a new perspective on and contribution to debates and rationales for school uniform use. This review lays out the research landscape on school uniform and highlights areas for further research.

scholarly journals Wuhan Lockdown: Reflections on the Public Health and Urban Space of COVID-19 Epidemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiqi Huang ◽  
◽  
Yiyong Chen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
City Community ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Global Influence

During the outbreak of COVID-19, Wuhan had been first imposed lockdown measures from January 23 to April 8, 2020. After that, no new cases emerged from Hubei Province, and China achieved the first-staged victory in containing the epidemic. As the COVID-19 became a pandemic, Wuhan lockdown has inspired countries around the world. Under the framework of China’s public health system and urban space, this paper combines the data on responses in global affected areas, analyzes the global influence and inspirations of Wuhan lockdown, and compares and contrasts lockdowns and the compound systems in virus epicenter metropolitan areas in China with those in US, Italy and Japan. Finally, the paper proposes a new perspective of "Isolation of metropolitan areas" under the region-city-community networks, to discuss how to create a sustainable and healthy life for mankind by cooperation among the public health system, urban space and social value.

Ottoman Infrastructures of the Saudi Hydro-State: The Technopolitics of Pilgrimage and Potable Water in the Hijaz

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 942-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Christopher Low
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Water Security ◽  
State Building ◽  
International Attention ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Late Ottoman ◽  
Petroleum Reserves

AbstractThe provisioning of potable water was a microcosm of the Ottoman state's incomplete projects of technopolitical modernization on the Arab frontier. Water questions sat at the intersection between international pressures surrounding cholera, drought, Wahhabi and Bedouin disorder, and the inability of the state to impose its will on the semi-autonomous Amirate of Mecca. To be sure, Ottoman public health reforms and increased attention to water infrastructure were partly a product of the intense international attention generated by the hajj's role in the globalization of cholera. However, like other projects with more overt military and strategic implications, most notably the Hijaz telegraph and railway, the Ottoman state also saw an opportunity to harness the increasing medicalization of the hajj to serve a broader set of efforts to consolidate the empire's most vulnerable frontier provinces. Through the lens of the technopolitical frontier this essay seeks to tell a larger story about the evolution of state building and development in Arabia, one that would otherwise be obscured without reference to both its late Ottoman and Saudi histories. By viewing the evolution of hydraulic management in the Hijaz as a continuous process unfolding across the long nineteenth century, we gain a new perspective on the role that Ottoman technopolitics played in shaping the Saudi state that eventually succeeded it. We find that the quest for water security in the Hijaz, particularly in Jidda, played a critical role in setting the stage for the discovery of the Saudi Arabia's massive petroleum reserves.

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