Youth gambling: A public health perspective

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Messerlian ◽  
Jeffrey L. Derevensky
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Youth Gambling ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Support Research

Over the last decade research in the area of youth gambling has led to a better understanding of the risk factors, trajectories and problems associated with this behaviour. At the same time, governments have begun to recognize the importance of youth gambling and have offered to support research and treatment programs. Yet, public health and prevention in the realm of youth gambling has only recently drawn the attention of researchers and health professionals. Early work by Korn and Shaffer (1999) set the groundwork for a public health approach to gambling. This paper attempts to apply health promotion theory to youth gambling and describes a conceptual framework and model. Strategies focus on addressing risk and protective factors through community mobilization, health communication, and policy development. It is anticipated that this paper will provide future directions and serve as a starting point for addressing youth gambling issues from this new perspective.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review on Water Insecurity from an Oregon Public Health Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1122
Author(s):  
Cordelia Schimpf ◽  
Curtis Cude
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Water Insecurity ◽  
Public Health Perspective

This paper systematically reviews existing United States-based water insecurity literature with the goal of understanding the evidence base for developing public health water insecurity intervention strategies in Oregon. The authors conducted the systematic literature review using an adjusted PRISMA reporting checklist to document the review process. Results find 11 public health-related water insecurity interventions including surveillance practices and indicator and policy development. Research on water insecurity health impacts and solutions is still an emerging field. Nevertheless, state agencies perceive a risk to communities from inadequate safe water and are taking steps to assess and reduce these risks. From the review, strategies include improving water affordability, carrying out community education events, documenting drought risk and water loss, and tracking improvements in safe drinking water compliance. The review finds opportunities to take varied approaches that are community-specific, partnership-based and culturally relevant. Recommendations for Oregon include characterizing communities experiencing water insecurity, assessing community needs, tracking regional water scarcity and recognizing the human right to water in Oregon.

A Population Approach to Parenting Support for Childhood Obesity

2017 ◽  
pp. 156-170
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Bartlett ◽  
Matthew R. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Population Approach ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Parenting Support ◽  
Significant Health

Childhood obesity rates are on the rise worldwide. Considering the significant health and economic costs associated with obesity, emphasis must be placed on addressing this public health dilemma from both preventive and treatment perspectives. Evidence-based parent-centered interventions are an effective way to target obesity in children. Parents play a central role in a child’s lifestyle habits. However, parental recruitment and engagement remains problematic. This challenge must be addressed from a population health framework if improvements in childhood obesity rates are to be achieved. This chapter provides a framework for the prevention and management of childhood obesity from a public health perspective. The need for a population approach to evidence-based parenting programs is advocated to shift population-level rates of obesity. The existing research base for such an approach is discussed, along with future directions for clinical practice and research.

scholarly journals Children’s Independent Mobility: Current Knowledge, Future Directions, and Public Health Implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Marzi ◽  
Anne Reimers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Independent Mobility ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Future Directions

Environmental changes significantly impact health behavior. Active travel behavior is mostly affected by increasing motorization, urban sprawl, and traffic safety. Especially for children, active and independent travel can contribute to physical activity, social and motor development, and other health-related outcomes. A reduced number of children engaging in independent mobility over the last 20 years demanded researchers to further examine the construct of children’s independent mobility. By examining relevant literature, this narrative review aims to provide the current state of knowledge on children’s independent mobility, and identify future directions in research, as well as practical implications. From a public health perspective, considering children’s independent mobility in intervention programs is recommended, since it is associated with numerous health and environmental benefits. To develop interventions, multilevel socio-ecological influences on children’s independent mobility are widely examined; however, evidence is limited due to heterogeneous measurements and a lack of high-quality prospective studies. To oppose the decline in children’s independent mobility, further analysis using comparable measures is needed to understand the determinants of children’s independent mobility and to enable international comparison.

scholarly journals ACT in Schools: A Public Health Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler L Renshaw ◽  
Sean N Weeks ◽  
Anthony J. Roberson ◽  
Stephanie Vinal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Treatment Utility ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
School Based ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Methodological Rigor ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Future Work

This chapter makes the conceptual and empirical case for using acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) with youth in school settings. We provide background for this project by making a logical, evidence-based case for school-based mental health services more generally. We then outline a public health approach to using ACT in schools via multitiered system of supports (MTSS), which emphasizes scaled prevention at universal, targeted, and intensive levels. Following, we review the existing literature on ACT in schools—concluding there is adequate evidence to support use at the targeted level, encouraging yet weaker evidence supporting use at the universal level, and promising yet extremely limited evidence for use at the intensive level. We close the chapter by discussing the limitations and challenges of using ACT in schools, offering future directions for progressing research and practice. We suggest future work in this area might especially benefit from (a) enhancing the methodological rigor of research designs in school-based studies, (b) testing the viability of brief or focused ACT at the targeted level in schools, (c) investigating the treatment utility of ACT-related process measures in schools, and (d) expanding the scope of ACT in schools to promote the wellbeing of teachers and other educators.

Preventing Late Life Suicide: National Institutes of Health Initiatives

2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane L. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Late Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Health Initiatives

From a public health perspective, late life suicide is seen primarily as a consequence of untreated mental disorder, particularly depression. However, due to the stigma and agism surrounding mental disorders in late life, there has been limited public awareness that the elderly have the highest rates of suicide, and that they often have treatable depression prior to their suicide. Late life suicide is slowly gaining attention in both the scientific and public arenas. This article reviews in chronological order a number of efforts that have led to heightened awareness and initial public health policy development of late life suicide prevention strategies. The next steps for NIH-sponsored research in late life suicide are described.

scholarly journals Opportunity Youth: Insights and Opportunities for a Public Health Approach to Reengage Disconnected Teenagers and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 133 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 54S-64S ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Mendelson ◽  
Kristin Mmari ◽  
Robert W. Blum ◽  
Richard F. Catalano ◽  
Claire D. Brindis
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Life Course Development ◽  
Teenagers And Young Adults ◽  
Policies And Programs

Approximately 1 in 9 teenagers and young adults aged 16-24 in the United States is currently disconnected from school and employment. These disconnected young people (ie, opportunity youth) are not only at high risk for long-term emotional, behavioral, and health problems, but they also represent a loss of human capital, with high social and economic costs. In this article, we offer a public health perspective on opportunity youth by describing their distribution in the population and consequences of their disconnection; proposing a conceptual model of the issue based on epidemiological principles, life course development concepts, and ecological theory; and recommending multisector strategies for preventing disconnection of young people and reengaging opportunity youth. A public health approach to the problem of opportunity youth would involve developing and investing in youth monitoring data systems that can be coordinated across multiple sectors, consolidating both the delivery and funding of services for opportunity youth, developing policies and programs that encourage engagement of young people, and fostering systematic approaches to the testing and scaling up of preventive and reengagement interventions.

scholarly journals Migrant carers in Europe in times of COVID-19: a call to action for European health workforce governance and a public health approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv22-iv27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Kuhlmann ◽  
Michelle Falkenbach ◽  
Kasia Klasa ◽  
Emmanuele Pavolini ◽  
Marius-Ionut Ungureanu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Health Workforce Governance ◽  
Study Results ◽  
European Health ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The present study explores the situation of migrant carers in long-term care (LTC) in European Union Member States and the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic from a public health perspective. The aim is to bring LTC migrant carers into health workforce research and highlight a need for trans-sectoral and European heath workforce governance. We apply an exploratory approach based on secondary sources, document analysis and expert information. A framework comprising four major dimensions was developed for data collection and analysis: LTC system, LTC health labour market, LTC labour migration policies and specific LTC migrant carer policies during the COVID-19 crisis March to May 2020. Material from Austria, Italy, Germany, Poland and Romania was included in the study. Results suggest that undersupply of carers coupled with cash benefits and a culture of family responsibility may result in high inflows of migrant carers, who are channelled in low-level positions or the informal care sector. COVID-19 made the fragile labour market arrangements of migrant carers visible, which may create new health risks for both the individual carer and the population. Two important policy recommendations are emerging: to include LTC migrant carers more systematically in public health and health workforce research and to develop European health workforce governance which connects health system needs, health labour markets and the individual migrant carers.

A public health perspective for youth gambling

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Messerlian ◽  
Jeffrey Derevensky ◽  
Rina Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Youth Gambling ◽  
Public Health Perspective
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