Experimental Evaluation of Dental Implant Biomechanics Given Certain Stages of the Fixing Substrate Deterioration by Video Image Correlation Method

AbstractBackground: Dental implants are useful tools and represent a widely spread technique for oral rehabilitation. Their long standingness is highly influenced by the mechanical and geometrical properties of the surrounding osseous tissue in which they are placed. In some unsuccessful cases though, the dental implant is exposed to masticatory forces and other functional acts, and osseous tissue may resorb near its vicinity, leading to the dental implants loss. We investigated the strain distribution inside the fixating substrate, given certain stages of its deterioration near the dental implants.Material and methods: For our investigations we used cilindro-conical screw-type dental which were submitted to vertical forces between 0-1000 N. The dental implants were fixed inside a plastic material used in photo-elastic measurements.To evaluate the strain distribution inside the fixing substrate, we used a non-contact, experimental investigation tool, the Video Image Correlation (VIC-3D) optical system. This system allows the implementation in the dental implants optimisation from stress-strain state point of view.Results: The strain field distribution inside the fixating substrate was measured at three different levels of the dental implant, when it was loaded alone and in the case when there were loaded two dental implants simultaneously.Conclusions: The most stresses are concentrated in the neck-area of the dental implant. If there are loaded two or more dental implants simultaneously, the distance between them influences strain distribution. The measurements were conducted in vitro and do not represent the in vivo conditions, but serve further important facts regarding biomechanical properties of dental implants.

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Realisation of micro-speckle patterns for digital image correlation on dental implants

International Journal Sustainable Construction & Design ◽

10.21825/scad.v3i1.20550 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

C. Cluydts ◽

W. De Waele

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Material Properties ◽

Measurement Techniques ◽

Test Methods ◽

Image Correlation ◽

Small Magnitude ◽

Speckle Patterns ◽

The Right

In vitro experiments and finite element analyses can be used to investigate the mechanicalperformance of dental implant structures. But before experimental and mechanical evaluations can becarried out, the right material properties, test methods and measurement techniques should be pointed out.The material properties of dental implants and characteristics of the jaw bone are widely documented.Concerning the right experimental setup and measurement techniques no conclusive description is given.Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is currently a widespread method. It uses random speckle patterns that arecorrelated to accurately measure displacement and strains of 3D-structures. If accurate results arepursued, first a thorough optimisation of this measuring technique must be accomplished. The choices aremade based on the expected effect of load application on a dental implant. In literature the expecteddisplacements are quite small, magnitude 100µm, which requires high accuracy measurements. Thepossibilities of using DIC on micro-scale for titanium components is discussed in this paper.

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A Comprehensive Method for Accurate Strain Distribution Measurement of Cell Substrate Subjected to Large Deformation

Journal of Healthcare Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/8504273 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hong He ◽

Rong Zhou ◽

Yuanwen Zou ◽

Xuejin Huang ◽

Jinchuan Li

Keyword(s):

Digital Image Correlation ◽

Large Deformation ◽

Digital Image ◽

Strain Distribution ◽

Large Strain ◽

Image Correlation ◽

Cell Substrate ◽

Substrate Stretching ◽

Different Strains

Cell mechanical stretching in vitro is a fundamental technique commonly used in cardiovascular mechanobiology research. Accordingly, it is crucial to measure the accurate strain field of cell substrate under different strains. Digital image correlation (DIC) is a widely used measurement technique, which is able to obtain the accurate displacement and strain distribution. However, the traditional DIC algorithm used in digital image correlation engine (DICe) cannot obtain accurate result when utilized in large strain measurement. In this paper, an improved method aiming to acquire accurate strain distribution of substrate in large deformation was proposed, to evaluate the effect and accuracy, based on numerical experiments. The results showed that this method was effective and highly accurate. Then, we carried out uniaxial substrate stretching experiments and applied our method to measure strain distribution of the substrate. The proposed method could obtain accurate strain distribution of substrate film during large stretching, which would allow researchers to adequately describe the response of cells to different strains of substrate.

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Preparation of Bioactive Titanium Surfaces via Fluoride and Fibronectin Retention

International Journal of Biomaterials ◽

10.1155/2012/290179 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Carlos Nelson Elias ◽

Patricia Abdo Gravina ◽

Costa e Silva Filho ◽

Pedro Augusto de Paula Nascente

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Osteoblastic Cells ◽

Acid Etching ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Dental Implant Surface ◽

Before And After ◽

Titanium Surfaces

Statement of Problem. The chemical or topographic modification of the dental implant surface can affect bone healing, promote accelerated osteogenesis, and increase bone-implant contact and bonding strength.Objective. In this work, the effects of dental implant surface treatment and fibronectin adsorption on the adhesion of osteoblasts were analyzed.Materials and Methods. Two titanium dental implants (Porous-acid etching and PorousNano-acid etching followed by fluoride ion modification) were characterized by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffraction before and after the incorporation of human plasma fibronectin (FN). The objective was to investigate the biofunctionalization of these surfaces and examine their effects on the interaction with osteoblastic cells.Results. The evaluation techniques used showed that the Porous and PorousNano implants have similar microstructural characteristics. Spectrophotometry demonstrated similar levels of fibronectin adsorption on both surfaces (80%). The association indexes of osteoblastic cells in FN-treated samples were significantly higher than those in samples without FN. The radioactivity values associated with the same samples, expressed as counts per minute (cpm), suggested that FN incorporation is an important determinant of thein vitrocytocompatibility of the surfaces.Conclusion. The preparation of bioactive titanium surfaces via fluoride and FN retention proved to be a useful treatment to optimize and to accelerate the osseointegration process for dental implants.

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Role of Stem Cells in Augmenting Dental Implant Osseointegration: A Systematic Review

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings11091035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1035

Author(s):

Mohammed E. Sayed ◽

Maryam H. Mugri ◽

Mazen A. Almasri ◽

Manea Musa Al-Ahmari ◽

Shilpa Bhandi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Mesenchymal Cells ◽

Graft Material ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Oral Rehabilitation

Dental implants are a widely used treatment modality for oral rehabilitation. Implant failures can be a result of many factors, with poor osseointegration being the main culprit. The present systematic review aimed to assess the effect of stem cells on the osseointegration of dental implants. An electronic search of the MEDLINE, LILACS, and EMBASE databases was conducted. We examined quantitative preclinical studies that reported on the effect of mesenchymal stem cells on bone healing after implant insertion. Eighteen studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included. Various surface modification strategies, sites of placement, and cell origins were analyzed. The majority of the selected studies showed a high risk of bias, indicating that caution must be exercised in their interpretation. All the included studies reported that the stem cells used with graft material and scaffolds promoted osseointegration with higher levels of new bone formation. The mesenchymal cells attached to the implant surface facilitated the expression of bio-functionalized biomaterial surfaces, to boost bone formation and osseointegration at the bone–implant interfaces. There was a promotion of osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal cells and osseointegration of biomaterial implants, both in vitro and in vivo. These results highlight the significance of biomodified implant surfaces that can enhance osseointegration. These innovations can improve the stability and success rate of the implants used for oral rehabilitation.

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Oral Rehabilitation on Implants and Introduction of Pathogenic Mechanisms in Relation to Oral Implants - Sugar Diabetes

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.10.3750 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (10) ◽

pp. 3750-3752

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Failure Rate ◽

Primary Stability ◽

Advanced Technology ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Oral Rehabilitation ◽

Complete Replacement ◽

Oral Implants ◽

Dental Aesthetics

Dental implants are made of medical titanium and perfectly fit into human bone tissue; the dental implant can last a lifetime. Not beeing living organic structures, there are no nerve endings, neither at the implant level nor at the artificial crown level. The use of quality implants by an experienced implantologist, assisted by advanced technology, transforms the treatment with dental implants into the medical-surgical act with the highest success rate among dental and even medical treatments.Through the complete replacement of the tooth, including the root, can artificially reproduce the function of the natural tooth, with a strong and stable base. The implant crown, made of aesthetic materials (porcelain, zirconium) and anchored to it by means of the prosthetic abutment, will be surrounded by a healthy and aesthetic gum. Especially if the prosthetic abutment (the connecting element between the implant itself and the artificial crown) will be made of zirconium - natural light will cross ceramic layers, similar to enamel and dentine, offering a white of envy and glitter to the smile. Around the porcelain crowns (whole ceramics or zirconia ceramics) the gingiva will conform healthily, without the slightest sign of inflammation. These elements, the white of the teeth and the pink of the gums define the concept of dental aesthetics. The main problems that diabetic patients may encounter, are gingival inflammation and periodontal disease, dental mobility and tooth loss. When a dental implant is influenced by the type of diabetes, its failure rate is higher in patients with type 1 diabetes than in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study included a number of 56 patients, who presented themselves for performing an implant. Of these, 7 patients did not perform an implant. Diabetes mellitus defines a chronic metabolic disorder, which may have multiple etiopathogenesis, characterized by changes in carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. Stability of the implant in the bone, immediately after implantation is crucial for the success of the treatment; this immediate stability is called primary stability and is purely mechanical in nature. Keywords: Dental implants, dental treatments, diabetes, failure rate

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Awareness among Patients regarding Dental Implants as a Treatment Option for replacing Missing Teeth in Melmaruvathur Population

International Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10019-1144 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 6-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Venkatesan Narayanan ◽

Prabhu Karuppiah ◽

Arunkumar Rajasekar ◽

Lakshmi D Mayavan

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Treatment Option ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Dental Education ◽

Education Programs ◽

Missing Teeth ◽

Oral Rehabilitation ◽

Implant Therapy ◽

Knowledge And Attitude

ABSTRACT Background Treatment with dental implants has become increasingly important in the range of prosthodontic treatment. Significant improvements in oral rehabilitation particularly in edentulous individuals have been seen. In Adhiparasakthi Dental College, Melmaruvathur, a survey was made to evaluate awareness among patients for dental implants, their level of knowledge, and attitude toward replacement of missing teeth by dental implants. Materials and methods A survey of 480 people was conducted through a printed questionnaire and completed by willing respondents. The questionnaires were prepared in English and Tamil language to enable better understanding and completion. Results Of the 510 people surveyed, 480 responses were retrieved, of which 331 were aware of dental implant treatment in Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu. Among them, 304 respondents were aware that implants could be used for replacement of missing teeth. Most of the respondents stated that dental implants were placed in the jawbone, followed by gums. Only 41% respondents assumed that implants last for a lifetime and only 35% of respondents believe that poor oral hygiene was the most common cause of implant failure. Conclusion More dental education programs are needed to improve understanding of the importance of restoration of missing teeth. General implant awareness levels are satisfactory. However, increased awareness of patients for restoration of missing tooth with dental implants is necessary. Dental education programs with special emphasis on advantages, treatment, maintenance, and postoperative care of dental implant therapy are needed. More than two-thirds of the surveyed population is interested in knowing about and being treated with dental implants. How to cite this article Narayanan V, Karuppiah P, Rajasekar A, Mayavan LD. Awareness among Patients regarding Dental Implants as a Treatment Option for replacing Missing Teeth in Melmaruvathur Population. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(1):6-9.

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Rabbits as Animal Models in Contemporary Implant Biomaterial Research

World Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1069 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 129-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Himanshu Arora ◽

Anil Nafria ◽

Anup Kanase

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Mechanical Stability ◽

In Vitro Studies ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Essential Step ◽

Rigorous Testing

ABSTRACT Development of an optimal interface between bone and orthopedic or dental implants has taken place for many years. In order to determine whether a newly developed implant material conforms to the requirements of biocompatibility, mechanical stability and safety, it must undergo rigorous testing both in vitro and in vivo. Results from in vitro studies can be difficult to extrapolate to the in vivo situation. For this reason the use of animal models is often an essential step in the testing of orthopedic and dental implants prior to clinical use in humans. This review discusses the reasons, the importance, and the research carried out in rabbits in our quest to develop a dental implant ideally suited for human bone.

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Graphene–Chitosan Hybrid Dental Implants with Enhanced Antibacterial and Cell-Proliferation Properties

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10144888 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. 4888 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sunho Park ◽

Hyeran Kim ◽

Kyoung Soon Choi ◽

Min-Kyung Ji ◽

Sujin Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Implants ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Cell Activity ◽

Functional Abilities ◽

Tooth Replacement ◽

Oral Rehabilitation ◽

Natural Teeth ◽

New Type ◽

Implant Treatment ◽

Effective Design

Dental implants are widely used tooth replacement tools owing to their good oral rehabilitation and reconstruction capacities. Since dental implants are designed as a replacement for natural teeth, multi-functional abilities are desired to achieve successful implant treatment with improved osseointegration through promotion of mammalian cell activity and prevention of bacterial cell activity. In this study, we developed a graphene–chitosan hybrid dental implant (GC hybrid implant) using various concentrations of graphene, which demonstrated the different surface properties including increased wettability and roughness. Importantly, the GC hybrid implant under the optimal condition (i.e., 1% GC hybrid implant) could significantly promote osteoblast proliferation while reducing biofilm formation and bacterial activity. Our study demonstrates the potential of using this GC hybrid implant as a new type of dental implant, which can offer an effective design for the fabrication of advanced dental implants.

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Comparative Evaluation of Dental Implant Failure among Healthy and Well-Controlled Diabetic Patients—A 3-Year Retrospective Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17145253 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (14) ◽

pp. 5253 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammed Ghazi Sghaireen ◽

Abdulrahman A. Alduraywish ◽

Kumar Chandan Srivastava ◽

Deepti Shrivastava ◽

Santosh R Patil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Dental Implants ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Failure Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Oral Rehabilitation ◽

Operative Evaluation

Diabetes mellitus is known to compromise the various aspects of homeostasis, including the immune response and the composition of oral microflora. One of the oral manifestations of diabetes mellitus is tooth loss and the survival rate of dental implants chosen as a treatment modality for its rehabilitation is controversial. The current study aims to evaluate and compare the failure rate of dental implants between well-controlled diabetic and healthy patients. A retrospective study of case-control design was conceptualized with 121 well-controlled diabetic and 136 healthy individuals. Records of subjects who had undergone oral rehabilitation with dental implants between the periods of January 2013 to January 2016 were retrieved. Post-operative evaluation was carried out for all patients for about three years to assess the immediate and long-term success of the procedure. From a total of 742 dental implants, 377 were placed in well-controlled diabetic patients (case group) and 365 in healthy subjects (control group). A comparable (9.81%), but non-significant (p = 0.422) failure rate was found in the case group in comparison to the control group (9.04%). A non-significant (p = 0.392) raised number (4.98%) of failure cases were reported among females in comparison to males (4.44%). In respect to arch, the mandibular posterior region was reported as the highest failure cases (3.09%; p = 0.411), with 2.29% of cases reported in the mandibular anterior (p = 0.430) and maxillary posterior (p = 0.983) each. The maxillary anterior region was found to have the least number (1.75%; p = 0.999) of failure cases. More (4.98%; p = 0.361) cases were reported to fail during the functional loading stage in contrast to osseointegration (4.44%; p = 0.365). A well-controlled diabetic status does not impose any additional risk for individuals undergoing dental implant therapy.

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