scholarly journals Lyme Meningoradiculitis: Case Reports and Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-375
Author(s):  
Maier Smaranda ◽  
Stirbu Nicoleta ◽  
Bajko Zoltan ◽  
Moţăţăianu Anca ◽  
Ţilea Brânduşa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
High Degree

AbstractThe clinical manifestations of Lyme disease are protean. The meningoradiculitis is a common and well-recognized complication of neuroborreliosis but can be easily misdiagnosed without a high degree of clinical suspicion, mainly if the tick bite is not present in the medical history. We report two cases of Lyme meningoradiculitis with excellent outcome after appropriate antibiotic therapy. In an endemic area in case of neurological manifestations suggestive for neuroborreliosis the serological testing for B. burgdorferi in serum and cerebrospinal fluid is imperative for the correct diagnosis.

scholarly journals Talaromikosis Marneffei

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Sem S. Surja ◽  
Robiatul Adawiyah ◽  
Retno Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Area ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Cross Wall ◽  
Respiratory Disorder ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Talaromyces Marneffei ◽  
Mycotic Disease ◽  
Histopathology Examination

Talaromycosis marneffei is a mycotic disease caused by Talaromyces marneffei which primarily infectimmunocompromised patient. This disease is endemic in Southeast Asia, and Indonesia consider as endemic area dueto a case of tourist who got the infection after visiting Indonesia. Diagnosis was made based on clinical suspicion withlaboratory confirmation. Clinical manifestations are not specific, such as fever, anemia, weight loss, lymphadenopathy,hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, respiratory disorder, and cutaneous manifestation. Histopathology and culture are themost common examination performed for diagnosis. In histopathology examination, fungi appear as fission arthroconidiacells which shape round to oval, with cross wall formation inside or outside macrophage and histiocyte. Thermaldimorphism characteristic can be observed in fungal culture. Fungi grows as mold at 25oC-30oC and as yeast at 37oC.Definitive identification of T. marneffei was done by molecular examination using primers derived from ITS region asprimary marker and beta tubulin region as secondary marker. Talaromyces marneffei is sapronosis, that transmitted viainhalation of conidia from environment.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Tubercular Constrictive Pericarditis

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Rajib Kumar Basak ◽  
Md Aftabuddin ◽  
Asit Baran Adhikary ◽  
Omar Sadeque Khan ◽  
Khan Mohammad Amanur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Constrictive Pericarditis ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Late Presentation ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Exertional Dyspnea ◽  
Nonspecific Sign ◽  
High Degree

Diagnosis of Constrictive pericarditis is sometimes become difficult because that requires a high degree of clinical suspicion due to nonspecific sign and symptoms. But in endemic area like our country the presentation of tubercular constrictive pericarditis is common. Here we report a case of 28 year Bangladeshi male with tubercular constrictive pericarditis presenting with progressive exertional dyspnea, ankle edema, puffyness of face, dry nonproductive caugh. After physical examination and investigation, the patient was diagnosed as constrictive pericarditis. Patient was previously diagnosed as a tubercular patient and still now on antitubercular cat-1 chemotherapy. So finally diagnosis becomes tubercular constrictive pericarditis. After improvement of the symptoms with medical treatment, the definitive surgical intervention, pericardiectomy done. Then removed pericardial tissue was sent for histopathological examination and histopathological report confirmed the diagnosis of tubercular pericarditis. This case is a late presentation of extrapulmonary manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis, which is present as a consequence or, complication of pulmonary tuberculosis. So, early diagnosis and treatment is very much important in this case to prevent late consequence like tubercular constrictive pericarditis.University Heart Journal Vol. 10, No. 1, January 2014; 42-44

FEATURES OF MENTAL DISORDERS IN NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
Igo’r V. Damulin ◽  
D. V Romanov ◽  
I. V Ninoy
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Neurological Pathology

The deals with the features of mental disorders in neurological diseases - dementia, epilepsy, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases, multiple sclerosis. It is emphasized that psychopathological syndromes are not pathognomony for certain neurological diseases. Among the signs that help in the correct diagnosis of mental disorders caused by neurological pathology, their sudden occurrence on heteronomy soil with very variable and atypical for mental diseases of clinical manifestations, the absence of aggravated by mental illness (including family) history, resistance to the drugs commonly used in psychiatric pathology, the patient’s intake of drugs, among side effects which are mental disorders. In the diagnosis, the key is the correct assessment of neurological status, its dynamics, as well as confirmed by paraclinical research methods, in patients with neurological diseases, which in themselves can lead to the development of mental disorders. However, ignoring the features of mental disorders, the lack of a clinically adjusted approach to this category of patients, difficulties in highlighting the most significant symptoms, can lead to misdiagnosis. Therefore, it is so important to know not only the neurological manifestations of certain neurological diseases, but also to properly navigate their mental manifestations. To solve this problem, it is necessary to closely interact psychiatrists with neurologists. Only with this condition will it be possible to effectively help the patient.

Dengue fever in infants: report of three cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Sumit Mehndiratta ◽  
Ritika Singhal ◽  
Krishnan Rajeshwari ◽  
Anand P Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
High Degree

Dengue fever has classically been described as a disease of children and young adults. Infants are naturally protected by virtue of maternally derived immunoglobulins, especially in endemic countries. The resurgence of dengue, coupled with the availability of early and sensitive diagnostic methods and a high degree of clinical suspicion, has led to an increasing number of infants being diagnosed. There is a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, particularly in infancy. Here we describe three cases presenting with diverse clinical features, their subsequent management and outcome.

scholarly journals Bilateral sacroiliitis: a rare cause for a common presentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 4119
Author(s):  
Subodh Kumar Mahto ◽  
Praveen Kumar Singh ◽  
Ankita Sheoran ◽  
Afroz Jamal ◽  
Nagina Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Musculoskeletal Complaints ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
Lethal Complications ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Bone Sarcoidosis

Fever and osteoarticular involvement of axial skeleton are hallmark clinical manifestations of brucellosis but other diseases like ankylosing spondylitis, tuberculosis, Paget’s disease of bone, sarcoidosis should also be considered as differential diagnosis. Brucellosis is an uncommon infectious disease in India. Signs and symptoms of the disease are highly variable, with musculoskeletal complaints occurring frequently. Authors hereby reported a case of brucellosis presenting with fever, polyathralgia, bilateral sacroiliitis and enthesitis. Knowledge of geographical distribution, evidence of exposure to the cattle and a high degree of clinical suspicion of brucellosis are very important for early differentiation from other diseases to prevent lethal complications and institute early treatment and a prompt recovery.

scholarly journals Neurologic Complications Associated with Sjögren’s Disease: Case Reports and Modern Pathogenic Dilemma

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Colaci ◽  
Giulia Cassone ◽  
Andreina Manfredi ◽  
Marco Sebastiani ◽  
Dilia Giuggioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phrenic Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Cranial Nerve Involvement ◽  
Trigeminal Neuropathy ◽  
Nerve Involvement ◽  
Disease Case

Objectives. Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) may be complicated by some neurological manifestations, generally sensory polyneuropathy. Furthermore, involvement of cranial nerves was described as rare complications of SS.Methods. We reported 2 cases: the first one was a 40-year-old woman who developed neuritis of the left optic nerve as presenting symptom few years before the diagnosis of SS; the second was a 54-year-old woman who presented a paralysis of the right phrenic nerve 7 years after the SS onset. An exhaustive review of the literature on patients with cranial or phrenic nerve involvements was also carried out.Results. To the best of our knowledge, our second case represents the first observation of SS-associated phrenic nerve mononeuritis, while optic neuritis represents the most frequent cranial nerve involvement detectable in this connective tissue disease. Trigeminal neuropathy is also frequently reported, whereas neuritis involving the other cranial nerves is quite rare.Conclusions. Cranial nerve injury is a harmful complication of SS, even if less commonly recorded compared to peripheral neuropathy. Neurological manifestations may precede the clinical onset of SS; therefore, in patients with apparently isolated cranial nerve involvement, a correct diagnosis of the underlying SS is often delayed or overlooked entirely; in these instances, standard clinicoserological assessment is recommendable.

A Rare Case of Tuberculous Prostatitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Nurul Yaqeen Mohd Esa ◽  
Mohammad Hanafiah ◽  
Marymol Koshy ◽  
Hilmi Abdullah ◽  
Ahmad Izuanuddin Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Immunocompromised Patients ◽  
Prostatic Biopsy ◽  
High Clinical Suspicion

Tuberculous prostatitis is an uncommon form of tuberculosis infection. It is commonly seen in immunocompromised patients and in those of middle or advanced age. The diagnosis is often not straight forward due to the nature of its presentation. We report a case of tuberculous prostatitis in a young, healthy and immunocompetent patient, who initially presented with respiratory features, followed by episodes of seizures and testicular swelling. He was finally diagnosed with tuberculous prostatitis after prostatic biopsy. This case illustrates that in a high TB prevalence environment, when symptoms warrant, there should be a high clinical suspicion coupled with a thorough approach in order to arrive at a correct diagnosis of TB prostatitis.

Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of keratoconus. Treatment of iatrogenic keratoconus

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Fedor Ermolyuk
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Dry Eyes ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Dystrophic Disease ◽  
Iatrogenic Origin ◽  
Binocular Diplopia

Keratoconus is a dystrophic disease of the cornea, when it is thinned with the formation of a conus-like protrusion (protrusion of the cornea). This disease belongs to the group of keratectasia, it has a multifactorial nature and occurs in approximately 25 % of all corneal pathologies. The disease can be either primary, which is based on dystrophic changes in the cornea, or secondary, which develops against the background of prenatal keratitis. Keratoconus of iatrogenic origin, which develops as a result of refractive eye microsurgery, has become widespread during the last 20 years. Most often primary keratoconus manifests during puberty, progresses to 30–40 years, after which its development slows down. An early clinical manifestation of this corneal pathology is a progressive decrease in visual acuity, development of double vision (binocular diplopia) with the development of a strong headache against this background. Monocular polyopia — images and symbols with multiple contours — develops subsequently. Severe dry eyes, itching, photophobia appear in advanced stages. Diagnosis of keratoconus in some cases can be a significant difficulty, since the use of conventional research methods only allow to suspect refractive errors in the form of myopia or astigmatism. It is necessary to take into account the impossibility of correcting visual impairment using conventional methods — glasses or contact lenses — to make correct diagnosis. As a rule, diagnosis of keratoconus requires use of expanded spectrum of instrumental research methods.

Multiple Myeloma or Brucellosis: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein A. Rahdar ◽  
Mansoor Kodori ◽  
Mohamad R. Salehi ◽  
Mahsa Doomanlou ◽  
Morteza Karami-Zarandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Brucella Infection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Parental Treatment

Background: Brucellosis, a major health problem in developing countries, is a multisystem infection with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Hematological complications, ranging from an intravascular coagulopathy to mild homeostasis disorders (such as gammopathy), have been reported in brucella infection. These signs and symptoms may lead to misdiagnosis of brucellosis with other hematological diseases. Case: A 65-year-old male whose occupation was shepherding was referred to our hospital as a known case of multiple myeloma with continuous fever, muscle weakness, and night sweating after taking 2 courses of chemotherapy. The laboratory diagnosis of multiple myeloma had been based on the observation of a high percent of plasma cells in the bone marrow aspiration. At follow- up, the result of patient's fever workup, with 2 sets of blood cultures, was positive for Brucella melitensis. Isolated brucella was confirmed as B. melitensis by 16S rRNA sequencing. Brucellosis serologic test was performed by agglutination test and positive results were obtained. The patient was discharged with the cessation of fever and general improvement after the end of the parental treatment phase of brucella bacteremia. Conclusions: Brucella infection may cause a severe disease, mimicking a primary hematological disease, which could complicate the correct diagnosis. In brucellosis cases, due to the wide range of symptoms, in addition to cultivation and serological methods, molecular methods should also be used to prevent inappropriate diagnosis and additional costs.

A case of splenomegaly with RK-39 positivity: A diagnostic pitfall

2021 ◽  
pp. 004947552110206
Author(s):  
Prasad Dange ◽  
Ankesh Gupta ◽  
Richa Juneja ◽  
Renu Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Hereditary Spherocytosis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Patient Evaluation ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Careful Patient ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfall ◽  
Marked Splenomegaly

Long-standing moderate to marked splenomegaly suggests several differential diagnoses, both haematological and infectious, particularly leishmaniasis and malaria in endemic areas. Non-infectious causes may be missed in these regions, especially if pitfalls of serological testing are not considered. Careful patient evaluation is necessary to arrive at the correct diagnosis. We report a case of a young male whose hereditary spherocytosis was initially missed because of RK-39 positivity, splenomegaly and the fact that he hailed from an endemic region.

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