The lack of effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygenation as a treatment for Leishmania major in a mouse model

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayelet Livneh ◽  
Ilan Youngster ◽  
Yossef El-On ◽  
Matitiahu Berkovitch ◽  
Ibrahim Abu-Kishk
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractWe aimed to study the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HOT) (100% oxygen at 2 ATA for 70 minutes each session for 20 consecutive days) on BALB/c male mice infected with Leishmania major. Fifty-one mice were assigned to six groups. Group 1 was treated with HOT from 1 day after the inoculation. In Groups 2-5, treatment began when the cutaneous lesions appeared. Group 2 received HOT only, Group 3 received topical therapy with Leshcutan only, Groups 4 and 5 received a combination of HOT and Leshcutan for 5 and 10 days respectively, and Group 6 did not receive any treatment (control group). When comparing the control group with Group 1, treatment with HOT in Group 1 did not significantly affect the time of the appearance of the lesions. In contrast, mice treated with Leshcutan demonstrated a significant difference in lesion size and spleen dimensions as compared to the rest of the mice (p<0.001). The results show that HOT treatment has no positive effect on the course of Leishmaniasis in a BALB/c mice model infected with Leishmania major. Further studies are needed with a mouse model closer to humans and with different HOT protocols.

scholarly journals Objective assessment of stiffness in Achilles tendinopathy: a novel approach using the MyotonPRO

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gafin Ericson Morgan ◽  
Rhodri Martin ◽  
Lisa Williams ◽  
Owen Pearce ◽  
Keith Morris
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Stiffness ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Musculotendinous Junction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to establish quantitative values for asymptomatic and symptomatic Achilles tendons.DesignCohort study with a single (cross-sectional) time point of patients diagnosed with unilateral Achilles tendinopathy and an asymptomatic group with comparative homogeneity.MethodsA sample of 50 participants: 25 diagnosed with symptomatic unilateral Achilles tendinopathy (AT group) and 25 with asymptomatic Achilles tendons (control group 2). The asymptomatic side of the AT group was used as a control (control group 1). Measurements at 2 cm intervals on the tendon from its insertion at the calcaneum up to the musculotendinous junction were taken non-weight bearing (NWB) and weight bearing (WB) using the MyotonPRO.ResultsThere was a significant (p<0.005) decrease in natural oscillation frequency (F) at points 2, 3 and 4 of the AT group (NWB condition) and points 2 and 3 for the WB condition. There was a significant (p<0.005) increase in logarithmic decrement (D) at points 2 and 3 signifying a decrease in elasticity. Dynamic stiffness (S) was significantly (p<0.005) reduced in the AT group at points 2 and 3 WB and point 3 WB. There was no significant difference in creep (C) observed between the symptomatic and asymptomatic tendons. There was a significant (p<0.005) increase in mechanical stress relaxation time (R) at point 2 NWB.There was a correlation between body weight and gender on tendon mechanics, with the symptomatic tendons. No significant differences were observed between the control group 1 and control group 2.ConclusionsThe MyotonPRO measured decreased stiffness over a section of the tendon corresponding clinically with Achilles tendinopathy. This may have potential in identifying risk of injury and informing rehabilitation, however further extensive research is required to generate baseline data for specific population groups monitoring variables over time. Age, gender and body mass index appear to have some bearing on the mechanical properties of the tendon but mainly in the tendinopathy group.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Effect of MnTE-2-PyP on Lung in Asthma Mice Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmil Terziev ◽  
Violeta Dancheva ◽  
Veneta Shopova ◽  
Galya Stavreva
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To investigate the effects of MnTE-2-PyP on some markers of antioxidant defence system in asthma mice model.Material and Methods. The animals were divided into four groups: group 1, controls; group 2, injected with ovalbumin, group 3, treated with MnTE-2-PyP, and group 4, treated with ovalbumin and MnTE-2-PyP. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups content (NPSH) were determined in lung homogenate.Results. The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in group 2 decreased significantly as compared to control group. The decrease of the same enzymes in group 4 was lower and significant as compared to group 2. Changes in the glutathione peroxidase activity showed a similar dynamics. The NPSH groups content decreased in group 2. In group 4 this decrease was relatively lower as compared to group 2.Conclusions. The application of MnTE-2-PyP mitigated the effects of oxidative stress in asthma mice model.

scholarly journals Effect of Varicocelectomy on the Frequency of Nocturnal Sperm Emissions

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-253
Author(s):  
Cengiz Kara ◽  
Ozgu Aydogdu ◽  
Ural Oguz ◽  
Mehmet Giray Sönmez
Keyword(s):  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Depression Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Postoperative Serum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of nocturnal sperm emissions (NSE) in varicocele patients after varicocele surgery. A total of 127 patients, 96 varicocele (Group 1) and 31 patients with inguinal hernia (Group 2) were included in this study. Mean age, laterality of surgical procedures, spermiogram results, marital status, and postoperative serum hormone levels were noted for all patients. Two groups were compared in terms of Beck depression score (BDS) and anxiety scores (AS). The frequency of NSE and libido changes in the patients during 10 days postoperatively was evaluated. The number of the patients who had NSE and increased libido were significantly higher in the varicocelectomy group when compared with the control group. No significant difference was noted between the groups in terms of BDS, AS, and serum hormone levels. No association was reported between BDS, AS, and serum hormone levels and the presence of NSE in Group 1. The incidence of NSE was higher in younger men. Increased libido was significantly associated with NSE in Group 1. Cord dissection during surgery may be a factor on increased frequency of NSEs in varicocele patients.

scholarly journals Effects of COX 1-2 Inhibitors on Prevention of Rocuronium Injection Pain: Controlled, Randomised, Double Blind Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sahap ◽  
Handan Gulec ◽  
Esra ozayar ◽  
Ozlem zdemir ◽  
Merve Kacan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Movement Response ◽  
Rocuronium Bromide ◽  
Cox Inhibitors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Withdrawal Response ◽  
Group 1

Purpose : Rocuronium bromide is a painful agent while general anesthesia induction. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of cox inhibitors as a resque agent against the rocuronium pain Methodology : Sixty patients enrolled for the general anesthesia enrolled in this study. Patients were allocated into two groups (Group 1: Dexkethoprofen group, Group 2: Control group) .Pain was evaluated by during rocuronium injection, patients were scored by a scale showed below. 0;No movement response to injection 1;Mild movement response to injection 2;Hand withdrawal response to injection 3;Arm withdrawal response to injection We also evaluated the pain with 2 questions when the patient was in the recovery room.Question 1.What was the last feeling before you fall into sleep? and question 2. Did you feel any pain on your hand during medication injection for anesthesia? Results:There were differences between the groups in terms of total pain score for example in group 1 there were 16 (53%) patients who did not make any movement during rocuronium injection while there were 22 (73%) patients in group 2.There was significant difference in injection rocuronium bromide pain between group 1: dexkethoprofen group, Group 2: control group in terms of the answer to the second question.Patients felt less pain than the control group. Conclusion:The effect of cox inhibitors on rocuronium pain was seen in our study but check is also effective in reducing pain in vascular width.

Effect of Cryotherapy & Active Stretching Together and Active Stretching Alone for Improving Hamstring Flexibility in Asymptomatic Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 342-348
Author(s):  
Nishat Tabassum ◽  
Sanghamitra Jena
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Post Assessment ◽  
Group 1

Study Objective: To know about the effects of cryotherapy and active stretching together and active stretching alone for improving hamstring flexibility in asymptomatic individuals. Method: 22 subjects were participated in study of the age 18 to 40. Subjects were randomly and equally assigned to static stretching and cryotherapy (group 1) and only active stretching (group 2). Subjects in each group were given stretching and cryotherapy for three weeks. Pre and post assessment of ROM was measured by the KEA, SLR and Sit and reach test. Results: After three weeks of intervention there was a significant difference between pre intervention and post intervention score in both the group but in group 1 showed significant difference between KEA, SLR and SRT variables. Conclusion: Subject who received active stretching and cryotherapy showed better improvement than the control group who received only active stretching. Hence it can be concluded that active stretching along with cryotherapy can improve hamstring flexibility than the active stretching only. Key words: Cryotherapy, flexibility, ROM, active stretching.

Investigation of TAp63 gene Expression and Follicle Count Using Melatonin in Cisplatin-induced Ovarian Toxicity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacı Öztürk Şahin ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Duran ◽  
Fatma Sılan ◽  
Ece Sılan ◽  
Duygu Sıddıkoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: Premature ovarian failure is among the most important side effects of chemotherapy during reproductive period. Preserving ovarian function is gradually gaining importance during oncologic treatment. The present study aims to investigate the potential of melatonin to protect from cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity in rats. Twenty nine female rats were divided to three groups: Saline control group (Group 1), cisplatin group (Group 2), and cisplatin+melatonin group (Group 3). While the rats in Groups 2 and 3 were administered 5 mg/kg single dose of cisplatin via intra-peritoneal (IP) route, the rats in Group 3 were started on melatonin (20 mg/kg IP) before cisplatin administration and continued during 3 consecutive days. Ovaries were removed one week after cisplatin administration in all groups. Blood samples were obtained before the rats were decapited. Histological evaluation, follicle count, and classification were performed. TAp63 mRNA expression was evaluated using mRNA extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Serum estradiol (E2) and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) values were measured with enzyme immune-assay technology. Results: While primordial follicles were seen to decrease in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 (p:0.023), primordial follicle count was observed to be preserved significantly in melatonin group as compared to Group 2 (p:0.047). Moreover, cisplatin-induced histo-pathological morphology was preserved in favor of normal histology in melatonin group. A significant difference was not observed between groups with regard to mean serum AMH and E2 values (p:0.102 and p:0.411, respectively). While TAp63 gene expression significantly increased in Group 2 as compared to control group (p:0.001), we did not detect a statistically significant difference in cisplatin+melatonin group, although gene expression decreased (p:0.34). Conclusion: We conclude that concurrent administration of melatonin and cisplatin may protect from ovarian damage.

scholarly journals Effect of Topical Liposomes Containing Paromomycin Sulfate in the Course of Leishmania major Infection in Susceptible BALB/c Mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 2259-2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud R. Jaafari ◽  
Neda Bavarsad ◽  
Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz ◽  
Afshin Samiei ◽  
Dina Soroush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Vitro Permeation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pm 10 ◽  
Franz Diffusion Cells

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the antileishmanial effects of topical liposomal paromomycin sulfate (PM) in Leishmania major-infected BALB/c mice. Liposomes containing 10 or 15% PM (Lip-PM-10 and Lip-PM-15, respectively) were prepared by the fusion method and were characterized for their size and encapsulation efficiency. The penetration of PM from the liposomal PM formulations (LPMFs) through and into skin was evaluated in vitro with Franz diffusion cells fitted with mouse skin at 37°C for 8 h. The in vitro permeation data showed that almost 15% of the LPMFs applied penetrated the mouse skin, and the amount retained in the skin was about 60% for both formulations. The 50% effective doses of Lip-PM-10 and Lip-PM-15 against L. major promastigotes in culture were 65.32 and 59.73 μg/ml, respectively, and those against L. major amastigotes in macrophages were 24.64 and 26.44 μg/ml, respectively. Lip-PM-10 or Lip-PM-15 was used topically twice a day for 4 weeks to treat L. major lesions on BALB/c mice, and the results showed a significantly (P < 0.001) smaller lesion size in the mice in the treated groups than in the mice in the control group, which received either empty liposomes or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Eight weeks after the beginning of the treatment, every mouse treated with LPMFs was completely cured. The spleen parasite burden was significantly (P < 0.001) lower in mice treated with Lip-PM-10 or Lip-PM-15 than in mice treated with PBS or control liposomes, but no significant difference was seen between the two groups treated with either Lip-PM-10 or Lip-PM-15. The results suggest that topical liposomal PM may be useful for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Endovascular reflux-elimination of perforating veins by RFITT and foam sclerotherapy

Phlebologie ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (01) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
J. Duben ◽  
J. Gatek ◽  
T. Saha ◽  
G. Hnatkova ◽  
L. Hnatek
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
Perforating Veins ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Power Setting ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group 1

SummaryIntroduction: During the last years, many endovascular techniques have been developed in order to eliminate not only the reflux in stem veins but in perforating veins and their tributaries, too.Aim: The aim of this study was to use endo -vascular RFITT and the foam sclerotherapy for the occlusion of perforating veins as the prime source of reflux and their tributaries.Material and Methods: The Celon method was used for the thermal treatment. Polydocalon with the concentration 1% and 2% with DSS technique was used for the foam sclerotherapy. The RFITT was accomplished in 127 perforating veins in total. This group was divided into three subgroups. The first one consists of patients where only RFITT was carried out (n= 41), in the second, there were patients with RFITT realized with sclerotherapy during one session (n= 48), in the third, RFITT was completed with sclerotherapy in one month after the RFITT intervention (n= 38). The control group included perforating veins treated only with sclerotherapy (n= 81). The power setting 6W was used on the generator during the RFITT with CelonProSurge micro and 18W for usage of Celon ProCurve probe.Results: The effectiveness of the procedure in the group 1 was 8.8%, in the group two 93.7%, in the group three 92.1% and in the control group 76.5% in one year follow up. There was no significant difference between the effectiveness in groups 1, 2 and 3. The marginal difference was among all three groups with RFITT and the control group. Significant differences were in the parameter of the extinction of visible varicose veins with the reflux from perforators. The extinction was faster in group 3 than in group 2 and in the control group and the slowest was in group 1. The significant difference was observed between groups 2 and 3 compared with group 1 and the margin difference was between groups 2 and 3 compared with the control group. No significant difference was observed between groups 1 and the control group.Conclusions: All procedures are effective. The most important is the combination of RFITT and the sclerotherapy one month after thermal intervention. This is associated with a low risk of recanalization and the fastest extinction of visible varicose veins.

scholarly journals MULLIGAN BENT LEG RAISE LEBIH MENINGKATKAN LINGKUP GERAK SENDI LUMBOSAKRAL DAN MENURUNKAN DISABILITAS DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN SLUMP STRETCHING PADA PENGRAJIN GENTENG DENGAN MECHANICAL LOW BACK PAIN DI DESA DARMASABA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Made Dhita Prianthara ◽  
I Made Jawi ◽  
Wahyuddin ◽  
I Nengah Sandi ◽  
I Putu Adiartha Griadhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Lumbar Range Of Motion ◽  
Group 1

Background: Mechanical low back pain is pain that resulting from poor posture which cause decreased disability and limitation of lumbar range of motion. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prove mulligan bent leg raise more effective to increase lumbosacral range of motion and decreased disability than slump stretching among tile craftsman with Mechanical low back pain in Darmasaba village. Methods: This research was an experimental study with pre and post test control group design. Sample of this study is tile craftsman with mechanical low back pain with 20 samples aged 30-55. Samples were divided into two groups, which the first group (n = 10) was given Mulligan bent leg raise, while the second group was given slump stretching. Do exercise 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Lumbar range of motion was measured with modified-modified schober test while level of disability was measured with modified oswestry disability index. Result: Paired Sample T-test in Group 1 and Group 2 obtained p=0,000 that showed in each Group 1 and Group 2 there is significant difference. Independent Samples Test of Group 1 and Group 2 showed the result p=0,000 which mean that there is significant difference in increased lumbar range of motion and decreased disability. Conclusion: Mulligan bent leg raise more effective to increase lumbosacral range of motion and decreased disability than slump stretching to tile craftsman with mechanical low back pain in Darmasaba village.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the concentration of malondialdehyde and nitrite in patients with sickle cell anemia treated or not with hydroxyurea

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcielle Bruna Dias Elias ◽  
Rivelilson Mendes de Freitas ◽  
Romélia Pinheiro Gonçalves ◽  
Hemerson Yuri Ferreira Magalhães ◽  
Jacqueline Holanda de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the serum levels of malondialdehyde and nitrite in patients with sickle cell anemia treated or not with hydroxyurea in outpatient's setting. Methods: Of the 65 patients with sickle cell anemia selected for the study, 51 were not treated with hydroxyurea (Group 1), 14 made chronic use of hydroxyurea (Group 2) and 20 individuals had no hemoglobinopathies (Control Group). Results: The Control Group had a lower and more homogeneous concentration of malondialdehyde levels as compared to the other groups. The results of Groups 1 and 2 showed increased values of malondialdehyde levels when compared to the Control Group. Considering the values of Groups 1 and 2, there were no significant changes in the malondialdehyde levels. There was no significant difference in the serum levels of nitrite between the groups. Group 2 presented a statistically significant correlation between serum malondialdehyde levels and the clinical variables investigated. In turn, Group 1 showed correlation only with occurrence of three or more vaso-occlusive crises. There was no correlation between nitrite levels and the clinical variables. Conclusion: The results revealed that during the pathogenesis of sickle cell anemia, an increase in lipid peroxidation was observed. On the other hand, no changes in oxidative parameters were detected during treatment with hydroxyurea, probably due to the short period of treatment of the patients studied.

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