scholarly journals The Impact of Cadmium on Photosynthetic Performance and Secondary Metabolites in the Lichens Parmelia sulcata, Flavoparmelia caperata and Evernia prunastri

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maslać ◽  
Maja Maslać ◽  
Mirta Tkalec
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Usnic Acid ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Cadmium Exposure ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Parmelia Sulcata ◽  
Flavoparmelia Caperata ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Lichens are one of the most common air quality bioindicators. Airborne heavy metal pollution causes various physiological changes in lichens, but sensitivity to metal pollution is species specific. In this research, three lichen species (Parmelia sulcata, Flavoparmelia caperata and Evernia prunastri) were exposed to cadmium (50 mg L−1) in laboratory conditions. Photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II and content of secondary metabolites were determined after one, three and eight days of exposure. In all investigated species treatment of lichen thalli with cadmium significantly changed Fv/Fm and RFd only after eight days of exposure. Quantification of metabolites showed a decreased content of the medullary depsidones salazinic acid (in P. sulcata) and protocetraric acid (in F. caperata) but increased content of cortical depside atranorin (in P. sulcata) and dibenzofurane usnic acid (in F. caperata) after cadmium exposure. However, no changes in secondary metabolites were found in E. prunastri. Results show that investigated species are relatively resistant to short-term cadmium-exposure and that secondary metabolites could have an important role in the protection of primary metabolism from negative cadmium impacts, at least in some species.

Reducing power and radical scavenging activity of four Parmeliaceae species

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 808-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Stojanović ◽  
Igor Stojanović ◽  
Vesna Stankov-Jovanović ◽  
Violeta Mitić ◽  
Danijela Kostić
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Parmelia Sulcata ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Flavoparmelia Caperata

AbstractThe methanol extracts of four Parmeliaceae lichens (Hypogymnia physodes, Evernia prunastri, Flavoparmelia caperata and Parmelia sulcata) were screened for antioxidant properties and total phenol content. The H. physodes extract was the most effective at reducing iron(III) and scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals, while the P. sulcata extract was the most effective in reducing molybdenum(VI) in an acidic medium. The E. prunastri and H. physodes extracts contained more Folin-Ciocalteu reagent reactive substances than the F. caperata and P. sulcata extracts. Significant activity of the H. physodes extract in DPPH and reducing Fe(III) assays suggest that this lichen can be considered as a potential source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Soil chemistry determines whether defensive plant secondary metabolites promote or suppress herbivore growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (43) ◽  
pp. e2109602118
Author(s):  
Lingfei Hu ◽  
Zhenwei Wu ◽  
Christelle A. M. Robert ◽  
Xiao Ouyang ◽  
Tobias Züst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Free Iron ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
The Impact

Plant secondary (or specialized) metabolites mediate important interactions in both the rhizosphere and the phyllosphere. If and how such compartmentalized functions interact to determine plant–environment interactions is not well understood. Here, we investigated how the dual role of maize benzoxazinoids as leaf defenses and root siderophores shapes the interaction between maize and a major global insect pest, the fall armyworm. We find that benzoxazinoids suppress fall armyworm growth when plants are grown in soils with very low available iron but enhance growth in soils with higher available iron. Manipulation experiments confirm that benzoxazinoids suppress herbivore growth under iron-deficient conditions and in the presence of chelated iron but enhance herbivore growth in the presence of free iron in the growth medium. This reversal of the protective effect of benzoxazinoids is not associated with major changes in plant primary metabolism. Plant defense activation is modulated by the interplay between soil iron and benzoxazinoids but does not explain fall armyworm performance. Instead, increased iron supply to the fall armyworm by benzoxazinoids in the presence of free iron enhances larval performance. This work identifies soil chemistry as a decisive factor for the impact of plant secondary metabolites on herbivore growth. It also demonstrates how the multifunctionality of plant secondary metabolites drives interactions between abiotic and biotic factors, with potential consequences for plant resistance in variable environments.

scholarly journals Soil chemistry determines whether defensive plant secondary metabolites promote or suppress herbivore growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingfei Hu ◽  
Zhenwei Wu ◽  
Christelle AM Robert ◽  
Ouyang Xiao ◽  
Tobias Zuest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
The Impact

Specialized metabolites mediate important interactions in both the rhizosphere and the phyllosphere. How this compartmentalized multifunctionality influences plant-environment interactions is unknown. Here, we investigated how the dual role of maize benzoxazinoids as leaf defenses and root siderophores shapes the interaction between maize and a major global insect pest, the fall armyworm. We find that benzoxazinoids suppress fall armyworm growth in soils with low bioavailable iron but enhance growth in soils with higher bioavailable iron. Manipulation experiments confirm that benzoxazinoids suppress herbivore growth under iron-deficient conditions but enhance herbivore growth when iron is present in its free form. This reversal of the protective effect of benzoxazinoids is not associated with major changes in plant primary metabolism. Plant defense activation is modulated by the interplay between soil iron and benzoxazinoids but does not explain fall armyworm performance. Instead, increased iron supply to the fall armyworm by benzoxazinoids in the presence of free iron enhances larval performance. This work identifies soil chemistry as a decisive factor for the impact of plant secondary metabolites on herbivore growth. It also demonstrates how the multifunctionality of plant secondary metabolites drives interactions between abiotic and biotic factors, with major consequences for plant health in variable environments.

scholarly journals Environmental conditions influence on the accumulation of secondary metabolites of lichens of the genus Cladonia and the family Parmeliaceae

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Sergeevich Korchikov ◽  
Ekaterina Andreevna Zelenskaya ◽  
Lilia Valerievna Khalikova ◽  
Polina Sergeevna Turchenko
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Parmelia Sulcata ◽  
The Family

This paper gives the maximum absorption of 10 secondary metabolites of lichens in a 96% alcohol solution. An assessment of the content of lichen acids growing in the Muransky pine forest, the Buzuluk pine forest, the Krasnosamarsky Woodland and in the Bolshechernigovsky district of the Samara Region was also carried out. All the species studied by us accumulate more secondary metabolites when growing in the Krasnosamarsky Woodland in comparison with those in the Buzuluk pine forest by 1,12-5,47 times. From the point of view of medicine and agriculture, as a raw material for drugs, as well as for drugs with fungicidal and insecticidal activity, it is more expedient to collect material in the Krasnosamarsky Woodland and other areas in the steppe zone with similar contrasting ecological factors, where the total amount of active stuff is more. The total content of secondary metabolites decreases in the order: Evernia mesomorpha Hypogymnia physodes Evernia prunastri Xanthoparmelia camtschadalis Parmelia sulcata Pseudevernia furfuracea Cladonia arbuscula Cladonia furcata Cladonia fimbriata Cladonia rangiferina . In general, the studied representatives of the genus Cladonia accumulate secondary metabolites 2 times or more less than representatives of the Parmeliaceae family.

scholarly journals Biological indication of heavy metal pollution in the areas of Donje Vlase and Cerje (southeastern Serbia) using epiphytic lichens

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Stamenkovic ◽  
Tatjana Mitrovic ◽  
V.J. Cvetkovic ◽  
N.S. Krstic ◽  
Rada Baosic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen ◽  
Parmelia Sulcata ◽  
Southeastern Serbia

The performance of two epiphytic lichen species (Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. and Parmelia sulcata Taylor) as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution in natural areas around the city of Nis (southeastern Serbia) were evaluated. The concentration of 19 heavy metals in lichen samples was measured by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. For the majority of the elements the concentrations found in Parmelia sulcata Taylor were higher than in Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. In addition, interspecific differences in heavy metal accumulation between Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. and Parmelia sulcata Taylor are observed. Parmelia sulcata Taylor showed a tendency to accumulate Fe, Mn, Ni and Ti while Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. preferentially concentrated Cu on both locations. A clear distinction between lithogenic (Mn-Cu-Ti) and atmospheric elements (Ni-Co-Cr-Ag-Pb-Hg) was achieved by cluster analysis.

The impact of traditional plants and their secondary metabolites in the discovery of COVID-19 treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabana Bibi ◽  
Ayesha Sarfraz ◽  
Ghazala Mustafa ◽  
Zeeshan Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Aurang Zeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Test System ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
System Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Plant Sources

Background: Coronavirus Disease-2019 belongs to the family of viruses which cause a serious pneumonia along with fever, breathing issues and infection of lungs for the first time in China and later spread worldwide. Objective: Several studies and clinical trials have been conducted to identify potential drugs and vaccines for Coronavirus Disease-2019. The present study listed natural secondary metabolites identified from plant sources with antiviral properties and could be safer and tolerable treatment for Coronavirus Disease-2019. Methods: A comprehensive search on the reported studies was conducted using different search engine such as Google scholar, SciFinder, Sciencedirect, Medline PubMed, and Scopus for the collection of research articles based on plantderived secondary metabolites, herbal extracts, and traditional medicine for coronavirus infections. Results: Status of COVID-19 worldwide and information of important molecular targets involved in COVID-19 is described and through literature search, is highlighted that numerous plant species and their extracts possess antiviral properties and studied with respect to Coronavirus treatments. Chemical information, plant source, test system type with mechanism of action for each secondary metabolite is also mentioned in this review paper. Conclusion: The present review has listed plants that have presented antiviral potential in the previous coronavirus pandemics and their secondary metabolites which could be significant for the development of novel and a safer drug which could prevent and cure coronavirus infection worldwide.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles on Tobacco Plants: Evaluation of Coating Effects on Photosynthetic Performance and Chloroplast Ultrastructure

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 744
Author(s):  
Petra Peharec Štefanić ◽  
Karla Košpić ◽  
Daniel Mark Lyons ◽  
Lara Jurković ◽  
Biljana Balen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Chloroplast Ultrastructure ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
The Impact

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most exploited nanomaterial in agriculture and food production, and their release into the environment raises concern about their impact on plants. Since AgNPs are prone to biotransformation, various surface coatings are used to enhance their stability, which may modulate AgNP-imposed toxic effects. In this study, the impact of AgNPs stabilized with different coatings (citrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)) and AgNO3 on photosynthesis of tobacco plants as well as AgNP stability in exposure medium have been investigated. Obtained results revealed that AgNP-citrate induced the least effects on chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and pigment content, which could be ascribed to their fast agglomeration in the exposure medium and consequently weak uptake. The impact of AgNP-PVP and AgNP-CTAB was more severe, inducing a deterioration of photosynthetic activity along with reduced pigment content and alterations in chloroplast ultrastructure, which could be correlated to their higher stability, elevated Ag accumulation, and surface charge. In conclusion, intrinsic properties of AgNP coatings affect their stability and bioavailability in the biological medium, thereby indirectly contributing changes in the photosynthetic apparatus. Moreover, AgNP treatments exhibited more severe inhibitory effects compared to AgNO3, which indicates that the impact on photosynthesis is dependent on the form of Ag.

scholarly journals A Cross-Metabolomic Approach Shows that Wheat Interferes with Fluorescent Pseudomonas Physiology through Its Root Metabolites

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Laura Rieusset ◽  
Marjolaine Rey ◽  
Florence Gerin ◽  
Florence Wisniewski-Dyé ◽  
Claire Prigent-Combaret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonas ◽  
Health And Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Metabolomic Approach

Roots contain a wide variety of secondary metabolites. Some of them are exudated in the rhizosphere, where they are able to attract and/or control a large diversity of microbial species. In return, the rhizomicrobiota can promote plant health and development. Some rhizobacteria belonging to the Pseudomonas genus are known to produce a wide diversity of secondary metabolites that can exert a biological activity on the host plant and on other soil microorganisms. Nevertheless, the impact of the host plant on the production of bioactive metabolites by Pseudomonas is still poorly understood. To characterize the impact of plants on the secondary metabolism of Pseudomonas, a cross-metabolomic approach has been developed. Five different fluorescent Pseudomonas strains were thus cultivated in the presence of a low concentration of wheat root extracts recovered from three wheat genotypes. Analysis of our metabolomic workflow revealed that the production of several Pseudomonas secondary metabolites was significantly modulated when bacteria were cultivated with root extracts, including metabolites involved in plant-beneficial properties.

scholarly journals To Stretch the Boundary of Secondary Metabolite Production in Plant Cell-Based Bioprocessing: Anthocyanin as a Case Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 2004 (5) ◽  
pp. 264-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Chris Franco ◽  
Chris Curtin ◽  
Simon Conn
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Global Correlation ◽  
Empirical Level

Plant cells and tissue cultures hold great promise for controlled production of a myriad of useful secondary metabolites on demand. The current yield and productivity cannot fulfill the commercial goal of a plant cell-based bioprocess for the production of most secondary metabolites. In order to stretch the boundary, recent advances, new directions and opportunities in plant cell-based bioprocessing, have been critically examined for the 10 years from 1992 to 2002. A review of the literature indicated that most of the R&D work was devoted predominantly to studies at an empirical level. A rational approach to molecular plant cell bioprocessing based on the fundamental understanding of metabolic pathways and their regulations is urgently required to stimulate further advances; however, the strategies and technical framework are still being developed. It is the aim of this review to take a step forward in framing workable strategies and technologies for molecular plant cell-based bioprocessing. Using anthocyanin biosynthesis as a case study, an integrated postgenomic approach has been proposed. This combines the functional analysis of metabolic pathways for biosynthesis of a particular metabolite from profiling of gene expression and protein expression to metabolic profiling. A global correlation not only can thus be established at the three molecular levels, but also places emphasis on the interactions between primary metabolism and secondary metabolism; between competing and/or complimentary pathways; and between biosynthetic and post-biosynthetic events.

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