scholarly journals Embodied Human Intersubjectivity: Imaginative Agency, To Share Meaning

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-56
Author(s):  
Colwyn Trevarthen
Keyword(s):  
Life Experience ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complex Activities

Abstract Human beings move coherently as individual selves, body and mind adapted to perform complex activities with imagination, knowledge, and skill; perceiving the environment by engaging it with discrimination and care. Human beings live intersubjectively in communitiesl each with the rituals, beliefs, and language of a culture, along with a history of affective relationships and agreed habits for acting in cooperation. These attachments and cultural habits depend upon an ability to sense the intentions, interests, and feelings of other human selves through sympathetic response to motives and emotions as displayed in the shapes and rhythms of body movement: an ability that infants possess from birth. No brain theory explains this ‘felt immediacy’ of others’ life experience, which philosophers of the Scottish Enlightenment accepted as proof that human beings are ‘innately sympathetic’. An innate time sense, capacity to ‘attune’ to the dynamics of body movement, and ability to recognise serial ordering in ‘stories’ all appear essential. A theory of ‘communicative musicality’ employs key parameters of pulse, quality of movement, and narrative, applying them to poetry, music, dance, the prosody and rhetoric of language, and the regulation of skillful practices of all kinds. These elements - present in foetal movements and engaged in through joyful intersubjective ‘story-telling’ from birth - give direct information on how the human brain orchestrates reflex functions to move the body with sensations of grace and efficiency. Their age-related development leads to mastery of language and cultural rituals. They conduct all cognitive functions and all meaning making.

scholarly journals Annual body mass index gain and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in a subsequent pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Tano ◽  
Tomomi Kotani ◽  
Takafumi Ushida ◽  
Masato Yoshihara ◽  
Kenji Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
Age Related ◽  
History Of

AbstractWeight gain during interpregnancy period is related to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). However, in interpregnancy care/counseling, the unpredictability of the timing of the next conception and the difficulties in preventing age-related body weight gain must be considered while setting weight management goals. Therefore, we suggest considering the annual change in the body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to clarify the association between annual BMI changes during the interpregnancy period and HDP risk in subsequent pregnancies. A multicenter retrospective study of data from 2009 to 2019 examined the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of HDP in subsequent pregnancies. The aORs in several annual BMI change categories were also calculated in the subgroups classified by HDP occurrence in the index pregnancy. This study included 1,746 pregnant women. A history of HDP (aOR, 16.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.62 − 29.22), and annual BMI gain (aOR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.76 − 3.01) were independent risk factors for HDP in subsequent pregnancies. An annual BMI increase of ≥ 1.0 kg/m2/year was related to HDP development in subsequent pregnancies for women without a history of HDP. This study provides data as a basis for interpregnancy care/counseling, but further research is necessary to validate our findings and confirm this relationship.

scholarly journals What More Do Bodies Know? Moving with the Gendered Affects of Place

2020 ◽  
pp. 1357034X2092301
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Ivinson ◽  
EJ Renold
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Felix Guattari ◽  
Mining Communities ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Mining Community ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Place

This article focuses on what bodies know yet which cannot be expressed verbally. We started with a problem encountered during conventional interviewing in an ex-mining community in south Wales when some teen girls struggled to speak. This led us to focus on the body, corporeality and movement in improvisational dance workshops. By slowing down and speeding up video footage from the workshops, we notice movement patterns and speculate about how traces of gender body-movement practices developed within mining communities over time become actualised in girls’ habitual movement repertoires. Inspired by the works of Gilles Deleuze, Felix Guattari and Erin Manning, a series of cameos are presented: room dancing; the hold; the wiggle; the leap and the dance of the not-yet. We speculate about relations between the actual movements we could see, the in-act infused with the history of place, and the virtual potential of movement.

scholarly journals The Traditional Understanding of Grief Among Ameru in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Mukiri Mukaria ◽  
Andrew Ratanya Mukaria
Keyword(s):  
Culturally Relevant ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Life After Death ◽  
Grief And Bereavement ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
Traditional Understanding

The main objective of this article is to explore the Ameru indigenous ways of overcoming death and grief. Death and grief have always been the most challenging thing throughout the history of human beings, and even within contemporary society. The Ameru culture provided room, space and meaning of death and life after death to both the dead and to the living. The culture was an integral part of Ameru, especially on matters of death and grief. The culture provided values found to be helpful to the well-being of the Ameru people, in a holistic way especially in the period of grief and bereavement. The article explores these meaning and how they can be relevant to the contemporary society, which ethos are guided by the Church. Today, the church plays the central role in overcoming grief and bereavement. In meaning making, there is a need for contextualization. Contextualization is an attempt to present the gospel in culturally relevant ways. For this reason, this article tries to explore some of the Ameru ways of overcoming grief and how this can be relevant to the contemporary Church diakonia work and counseling of grief.

scholarly journals “Removed from Nature”

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-472
Author(s):  
Kay Anderson ◽  
Colin Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Human Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Scientific Claim ◽  
History Of ◽  
Current Concerns ◽  
Different Order ◽  
Unique Status

Abstract In the context of current concerns within the environmental humanities to challenge the idea that humans are somehow irreducible to nature, this article takes up the much-neglected history of the idea of human exceptionality itself. According to now familiar accounts, metaphysical assumptions about the unique status of the human are considered to have persisted—including to the present day—despite evolutionary contentions that the human should be understood as a purely physical being. Such, largely Christian and Cartesian, metaphysical notions of a human soul or mind doubtlessly endure. But in this article we consider the—largely ignored, yet now arguably more prevalent—idea that humans are exceptional because of their physicality. Here, then, we outline the emergence of the scientific claim that a uniquely human condition of nature transcendence is owed not to some immaterial quality of mind or soul, but rather to the distinctiveness of human anatomy. It was, we will argue, the body—and, above all, the head—which provided the basis of a modern attempt to establish that humans were creatures of a categorically different order from all other animals. More precisely, it was as human cultural differences were correlated with variations in the size and shape of the head that the human body, in its upright stature, came to provide an explicitly materialist—and, as we shall see, potently ethnocentric—foundation for the claim that human beings are exceptional. The modern idea of human exceptionality is thus shown to be based in large part on a scientifically dubious, and culturally specific, argument about the nature-transcendent quality of beings that walk upright. This is a particular form of humanist discourse that often forgets its own contingencies and instabilities, as well as its comprehensively violent inheritances.

Fleas on the Back of a Wild Dog

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
John Conger
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
The Body ◽  
History Of The Body ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wild Dog ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Present Life ◽  
Complete History

«Fleas on the Back of a Wild Dog” describes the evolutionary history of the body we address as somatic therapists. Competent therapists take a complete history, and this paper addresses an ignored history, disregarded, concerning the body itself. As body-oriented therapists, the historical body in front of us, like the psychological history, has often unexpected relevance. The body we walk around in is no invention of the moment. Our instinctual attitudes carry a history that deepens our sense of the body’s purposeful movements and it’s frustrations. Otherwise uninformed, we suffer a loss of background. This paper provides something of the innate skills still underlying our present life experience.

The Historical Foundations of Symbolic Interactionism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Dingwall
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Interactionism ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Plant Ecology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
Herbert Spencer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nature And Society

This chapter models a symbolic interactionist approach to the history of symbolic interactionism. It begins with a discussion of the term ‘symbolic interaction’ as devised by Herbert Blumer and the limits of its applicability to the body of work that represents this tradition. This owes at least as much to borrowings from plant ecology and evolutionary theory by sociologists in Chicago in the 1920s and 1930s, with influences from Charles Darwin and Herbert Spencer. Contemporary symbolic interactionism is distinguished from the post-modern version developed by Norman Denzin and associates; from the more structuralist legacy of Erving Goffman; and from ethnomethodology. The chapter then examines the influence of nineteenth century German philosophy and social thought on Chicago sociology. This is shown to draw on the eighteenth century Scottish Enlightenment, particularly the work of Adam Smith and David Hulme, which also had a direct influence of its own. Ultimately, the story leads back to Stoic thought in ancient Greece and Rome from around 300 BCE to around 180 CE. Although its leaders have not had a great interest in the history of the approach, it is a genuine heir to long-running debates about humanity, nature and society rather than a fringe novelty of the twentieth century.

scholarly journals Age-related differences in decision-making process in the context of healthy aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 01022
Author(s):  
Felix Zakirov ◽  
Arsenty Krasilnikov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Risky Behavior ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Rational Choices ◽  
Neuroimaging Data

During aging cognitive functions change differently from others. Unlike most of the body systems, there is no clear decline pattern in cognitive processes. One of the most significant cognitive processes is decision-making, which defines social interactions, economical relationships, and risky behavior. Among factors influence decisionmaking process, individual lifelong experience is considered to be an important one. Obviously, older adults have more life experience, than the younger groups. However, the former often do not tend to rational choices and beneficial strategies. In this case it is important to assess how aging processes in brain contribute into searching for the most beneficial option during decision-making. On the basis of today’s studies about risky behavior, judgement of fairness, financial games, and modern neuroimaging data this review will observe and discuss age-related differences in decision-making. Thus, a correct cognitive profile of older adult in decision-making context can be determined.

scholarly journals Towards an embodied poetics of cinema

2012 ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
Maarten Coëgnarts ◽  
Peter Kravanja
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Meaning Construction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Cinema Studies ◽  
Image Schemas ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Aesthetic

Central to Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) is the notion of embodied mind, which states that cognition is shaped by aspects of the body. Human beings make metaphoric use of recurring dynamic patterns of perceptual interactions and motor programmes (image schemas) for abstract conceptualisation and reasoning. According to film scholar David Bordwell the poetics of cinema studies the film as a result of a process of construction. He presents the following key question: how do film-makers use the aesthetic dynamics of the film medium to elicit particular effects from spectators? In this article we want to address an abbreviated case of meaning construction in film, namely the construction of abstract meaning in film. By combining insights from Bordwell as well as CMT, we will demonstrate how the poetics of abstract meaning-making in film is embodied. What does it mean to say that the construction of higher meaning in film is rooted in bodily experience and how can this be grasped without resorting to the confinement of words and sentences? By analysing the stylistics and the visual patterning of particular film scenes we will demonstrate how film-makers often resort to image schemas to come to terms with abstract notions such as time, love and psychological content.

scholarly journals Sonoelastographıc assessment of the age-related changes of the Achilles tendon

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aynur Turan ◽  
Mehmet Akif Teber ◽  
Zeynep Ilerisoy Yakut ◽  
Havva Akmaz Unlu ◽  
Baki Hekimoglu
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Reference Tissue ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Age Related ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiologic Investigation ◽  
Young Subjects

Aims: Tendons are crucial for optimal muscle force transfer and subject to changes with aging which may impair func- tional ability of elderly individuals. Achilles is the largest and the strongest tendon in the body; therefore it is an excellent site for the radiologic investigation of aging of tendons. Sonoelastography (SE) is a new ultrasound-based imaging technique that provides information on elastic properties and stiffness of tissues. The aim of our study was to investigate the age-related alterations in Achilles tendons using SE. Material and methods: Forty five geriatric (age≥ 65 years) and 42 young (age 18-40 years) healthy consecutive subjects were enrolled. Subjects with known history of metabolic or endocrine diseases, sports or traumatic injuries, peripheral vascular disorders were excluded. Both Achilles tendons were scanned with a real-time SE probe at a frequency of 6–15 MHz. Strains of Achilles tendons’ proximal, middle and distal parts were assessed semi-quantitatively with comparing a reference tissue. Results: Both SE methods -color coded evaluation and strain measurement- showed a re- markably stiffer tendon in the elderly subjects compared to young subjects in all thirds of Achilles tendons. In young subjects 84.9 % tendon thirds were blue, and 15.1% were green whereas, in elders 93.7% were blue and 6.3% were green (p=0.024). There was a significant correlation between age and stiffness of tendons assessed with strain indices. Conclusion: Our result showed increased tendon stiffness in elderly subjects which might be responsible for the high prevalence of Achilles tendi- nopathies observed in elderly subjects.

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