scholarly journals Nurses in Poland — Immediate Action Needed

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Haczyński ◽  
Zofia Skrzypczak ◽  
Małgorzata Winter
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nursing Services ◽  
Bottom Position ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Nurses And Midwives

Abstract The aim of the study is to analyse changes in the size of the population of nurses in Poland in the years 2004-2014, considering changes in their employment and the phenomenon of ageing. The analysis is based on the data published by the Central Register of Nurses and Midwives of the Central Statistical Office (GUS) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Nurses are the largest professional group in the healthcare sector. In 2014, only above 70% of licensed nurses were professionally active. The percentage of employed nurses compared to the number of licensed nurses varied between the lowest ratio of 65.1% in 2005 and the highest ratio of 71.7% in 2012. The latest ratio of 2014 was 70.9%, which was slightly lower compared to the highest ratio in 2012. The average age of a Polish nurse in 2008 was 44.19 years, increasing by about six years to 50.1 within the analysed period. The population of nurses aged above 65 years is almost 4.5 times bigger compared to the youngest age group, which is 21-25 years. Thus, 2/3 of the population of nurses are 41-60 years of age and nearly 85% are over 40. For two years (2000 and 2014), the number of practising nurses per 1000 inhabitants places Poland in the fifth bottom position among the European countries, which shows a significant reduction in patient access to nursing services. In Poland, the profession of nurses has no replacement generation. The article presents the shortage of professionally active nurses in Poland. The existing register of nurses does not contain complete information necessary to evaluate the current situation in Poland. There is a strong need to improve the tracking system of the register of nurses to accurately monitor the number of nurses in Poland The shortage of professionally active nurses and their ageing necessitates immediate action to reduce the shortage by increasing the appeal of the profession among young people and by encouraging nurses to return to the profession. It is also necessary to take action to delay the retirement of those nurses who want to work longer and to use their potential. This is also particularly important because of the gap in experience, which is going to become apparent the nearest future.

Implementation of the national register of suicide attempts as a preliminary strategy for the prevention of suicides in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s892-s893
Author(s):  
A. Gmitrowicz ◽  
R. Szmajda ◽  
A. Baran ◽  
I. Makowska ◽  
P. Kropiwnicki
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Death Certificates ◽  
Psychiatric Institutions ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Reported Data

Studies show that suicide attempts are a major independent predictor of suicide. Only in some countries of the world, there are national registers of these behaviors. Poland is among the countries where suicide prevention is at the stage of implementation of these strategies. One is the initial diagnosis of the prevalence of suicidal behavior (SB) in selected populations. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of SB in Poland on the basis of available databases, including data such as age, sex and mental disorders and the analysis of differentiation of selected indicators of SB.Material and methodsWe analyzed available registers of completed suicides (CS) and suicide attempts (SA), carried out under reporting of the central statistical office (CSO, in the general population, based on death certificates), Police Headquarters (PH, the number of reported SB in the country) and the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw (IPiN, the number of SB in all psychiatric institutions) and the department of adolescent psychiatry in Łódź (SB among hospitalized youth).Results and conclusionsReported data on dissemination of SB in Poland are incomplete, which may affect the reliability of the assessment of the effectiveness of implemented strategies for the prevention of suicides. The aim should be to create a central register of SB, which will not only gather a well-defined data but also monitor how it is obtained.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Az Egészségbiztosítási Alap táppénzes trendjei Magyarországon 1997 és 2017 között

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Mónika Nogel
Keyword(s):  
Sick Leave ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Industrial Accident ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Hungarian State ◽  
Sick Pay

Introduction: The role of sick-pay is to compensate for loss of wage in case of incapacity for work, to ensure that there will be no break in the existential state of the incapacitated person. Aim: The purpose of our research was to examine data on sickness benefit and payroll data for the period 1997–2017. Data and methods: Our research was based on the data of the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary, the Hungarian Central Statistical Office, the State Audit Office of Hungary and the Hungarian State Treasury as well as on the background reports of the European Commission’s Social Protection Committee and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and it is based on the legal environment of sick-pay. Results: In 1997, there were 119 000 of 3.558 million, in 1998 114 000 of 3.530 million, in 1999 115 000 of 3.433 million, in 2000 112 000 of 3.465 million, in 2006 100 000 of 3.523 million, in 2012 55 000 of 3.769 million entitled people on sick leave on average per day. In 2017, the number of entitled persons increased to 4.018 million, while the average number of sick days per day was 70 000. According to data from gender and age-based analysis, in most cases, women with childbearing were on sick-leave, the proportion of males was higher in relation to industrial accident. Between 2014 and 2016, the proportion of women on sick leave per day was 59–60%, while the major reason for sick-pay among men was the industrial accident. The distribution by age did not change significantly. In 2014–2015, the age-group 30–34, while in 2016 the age-group 35–39 had the highest utilization of sick-pay. Conclusion: We can conclude that the use of sick-pay is affected by the employment rate, legal changes affecting the amount of sick-pay and social trends like substitution difficulties due to labor shortages and fear of losing jobs. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(Suppl 1): 37–42.

scholarly journals Podaż pracy w Polsce – dotychczasowe tendencje i projekcje na przyszłość

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-73
Author(s):  
Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski ◽  
Leszek Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Labour Supply ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Population Forecasts ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Working Age Population

The scope of the paper refers to long- and medium-run trends of labour supply in Poland. The main purpose is to determine current trends in the labour supply and its projections till the year 2050. In the theoretical part of the paper determinants of labour supply are considered. The projections are based on the population forecasts till 2050 made by the Central Statistical Office of Poland (CSO) and by the authors’ own simulations. Several variants of upper limit of working age and activity rates are taken into account. The population forecasts by the CSO indicate it will occur big decrease of working age population till 2050. The biggest decrease will refer to the group of working age 18–59/64 years and the lowest decrease in the age group 18–66 years. The analysis shows that the declines in labour supply in the years 2020–2050 will occur in all variants of working age population, the biggest decline in the variant assuming the age group 18–59/64 and the smallest decline – in the group 15–74 years. Retirement age is of big importance for the size of labour supply. This is why it is recommended to encourage older people to prolong their economic activity. It is also necessary to increase activity rates in the working age population.

scholarly journals Travel websites: a relevant source of statistical information?

Turyzm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Drozdowska ◽  
Magdalena Duda-Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Travel Agency ◽  
Central Register ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Travel Websites ◽  
Online Travel ◽  
Online Travel Agency

This study explores the two most popular travel websites: TripAdvisor, based fully on the Travel 2.0 and UGC application; and Booking.com, which has developed as an online travel agency website but has also absorbed a modern UGC approach. Their content concerning accommodation in Wrocław was analysed and compared to the official tourist statistics provided by both the Central Statistical Office of Poland, and the Central Register of Hotels and Similar Establishments published by the Ministry of Sport and Tourism. The article aims at an evaluation of the reliability and completeness of the information provided over the internet: firstly from the point of view of a potential customer, secondly for its value for market research purposes. Although electronic word-of-mouth websites are designed both for consumers and suppliers, from a methodological perspective the article is based on a content analysis of tourism social media. The study also contributes to both academic research and the tourism industry by identifying some gaps in existing work and providing an agenda for the future.

To Show, But Not to Disclose. The Willingness of Polish Political Parties to Disclose Information On their Structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
Ewa Skrabacz
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Information Bulletin ◽  
The Public ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Election Manifestos ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office

AbstractConstituting the key element of a democratic system, political parties are among entities obliged by the Polish legislator to comply with the principle of disclosure by providing public information. The main objective of this paper is to determine the level of Polish political parties’ disclosure, understood here as their willingness to disclose information on their own structures. It seems that the practice of disclosing such basic organizational data may constitute a specific measure of Polish political parties’ respect for the idea of disclosure. The subject matter of the conducted research was particular parties’ sites in the Public Information Bulletin as well as their official websites. An attempt was made to acquire data concerning party structures by way of direct contact with particular parties’ organizational units – questionnaires were sent to both central and regional/district organizational units. In order to acquire a wider perspective, the research also included data provided by the Central Statistical Office concerning political parties’ organizational structures and election manifestos. The conducted analysis was summarized in the form of a ranking of the examined political parties based on a proposed political party disclosure index. This attempt to measure disclosure on the basis of data on internal structures provided by parties themselves is of a preliminary character which, nevertheless, makes it possible to capture the general properties of the phenomenon under analysis. Among the examined parties, it is PSL, SLD, and PO that, to an acceptable degree, follow the principle of disclosure in the analysed scope (indexes at the level of 60%-80% of the maximum value). Four other parties, i.e. N, Wolność, Razem, and Kukiz’15, are on the edge of the zone making it possible to regard their disclosure as sufficient (indexes at the level of around 50% of the maximum value). In the case of PiS, whose index does not reach 20% of the maximum value, it should be concluded that this party implements the principle of disclosure at a minimum level. The ranking did not show relationships between parties’ willingness towards providing information and their sizes or positions on the political scene (parliamentary parties vs. extra-parliamentary parties).

The Development of Agritourism in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship in the Light of International and National Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 244-261
Author(s):  
Mariola Tracz ◽  
Małgorzata Bajgier-Kowalska ◽  
Radosław Uliszak
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
District Offices ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Podkarpackie Voivodeship is one of the regions of Poland in which the number of agritourism entities is very high. Therefore tourism plays a significant role in its development strategy. The aim of the paper is to identify the current state of agritourism and the changes that have occurred in the region in the years 2000–2016. Specific objectives are to determine the distribution of agritourism farms and their offer, together with a comprehensive analysis of the environmental and socio-economic factors, as well as the impact of the Slovak-Ukrainian border. The report was developed on the statistical materials from the Polish Central Statistical Office, Podkarpackie Agricultural Advisory Centre in Boguchwała and data collected from municipalities and district offices that is published on their websites, as well as through interviews with 100 owners of agritourism farms in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship. The research has shown, on the one hand, the decline in the number of farms in the region and, on the other hand, the increase in the diversity of the tourist offer of these entities. Distribution of agritourism farms is closely linked to the attractiveness of natural environment and quality of secondary tourism resources. Traditional agritourism has not yet fully used its countryside, as well as cross-border advantages of its location.

The United States as the Trade Partner of Poland in te Context of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
Renata Marks-Bielska ◽  
Wiesława Lizińska ◽  
Izabela Serocka
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
The United States ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Transatlantic Trade ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Trade Partner ◽  
Structure Of Trade

Evaluation of the importance of the USA as the trade partner of Poland is the main objective of the paper, based on the changes in the value of trade during the years 2000-2012 and changes in the structure of trade during the years 2008-2012. The data from the Statistical Yearbooks of Foreign Trade published by the Central Statistical Office was used. The potential for foreign trade growth was illustrated using the simplified analysis based on the gravity model of foreign trade concept. Gradually increasing value of Polish trade with the USA (the average growth rate 9.8%, EU-15 countries 13.1%). Polish exports are characterised by a higher than imports growth rate (USA - exports growth by 12.5%, imports 9.2%, EU-15 - exports 15.1%, imports 11.6%). Trade is strongly dominated by position of one group of products (over 30% share in both exports and imports). The potential of trade is poorly exploited currently. Trade was focused mainly on the countries situated in the close neighbourhood (mainly the EU countries with the domination of Germany).

scholarly journals Public Green Space Policy Implementation: A Case Study of Krakow, Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Anita Kwartnik-Pruc ◽  
Anna Trembecka
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Space Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Public Green Space

Green space is essential for the implementation of the idea of sustainable urban development. This paper contains original research on the implementation of local government tasks in the development of public green space. The aim of this research was to analyse the actions taken by the municipal authorities regarding the development of public green space, including the acquisition of real properties, the regulation of their legal status, as well as the adoption of planning and programme documents. The Polish Central Statistical Office data on the public green space of the largest cities in Poland were analysed in order to determine the dynamics of changes. Then, the focus was placed on Krakow, where the authors analysed in detail the distribution and type of urban green space as well as the actions taken by the Municipality to both extend it and to protect it against building development. The criterion of green space accessibility to city residents was indicated as a necessary aspect to be considered in the overall assessment of the existing greenery. The conclusions include the assessment of the actions of the Krakow authorities and the observed trends in the development of public green space.

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