scholarly journals Serological survey for canine angiostrongylosis in Slovakia

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Miterpáková ◽  
M. Schnyder ◽  
R. Schaper ◽  
Z. Hurníková ◽  
V. Čabanová
Keyword(s):  
Current Distribution ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
One Year

Abstract In recent years Angiostrongylus vasorum has become another important heart parasite of dogs besides Dirofilaria immitis, with intense spread into new areas of Europe. The first two cases of canine angiostrongylosis in Slovakia were observed in 2013, demonstrating that this life-threatening parasitic disease of dogs has expanded into this territory too. One year after the first A. vasorum findings, a serological survey was conducted to assess the current distribution of this parasitic infection in dogs from Slovakia. Serum samples from 225 dogs were collected from 29 veterinary practices situated in 22 districts of Slovakia and tested by ELISA for the presence of circulating A. vasorum antigens and additionally for the detection of specific antibodies against A. vasorum. Fourteen samples (6.22 %) were seropositive in at least one ELISA. Of these, 7 dogs (3.11 %) were only antibody-positive and 4 dogs (1.78 %) were positive only for circulating A. vasorum antigen. Three animals out of 225 examined (1.33 %) were positive in both ELISAs

scholarly journals Seroepidemiology of Chlamydia Pneumoniae in Northern Greece

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
D. Chatzidimitriou ◽  
M. Exidari ◽  
G. Gioula ◽  
P. Papakonstantinou ◽  
A. Melidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
One Year

The prevalence of IgG and IgA antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae was evaluated in a group of an apparently healthy population in northern Greece. Serum samples were obtained over a period of one year (June 2006 to May 2007) from 530 individuals (300 males and 230 females, aged from 1 month to 90 years). The sera were tested for specific antibodies to C. pneumoniae by two commercial methods, an ELISA and a micro-IF assay based on the principles of MIF. The prevalence of IgG and IgA antibodies to C. pneumoniae was 53.2% and 45.9%, respectively, and was found to be unrelated to gender, even in the elderly >61 years old. The IgG antibody prevalence was low in children under 5 years old (7.7%), sharply increased by the age of 20 (40%) and continued to increase, gradually, to reach 80.1% in the elderly. IgA antibodies also increased with similar kinetics to IgG, although at a lower level (3.8–66.1%). Our results show that infection with C. pneumoniae is common in northern Greece. The high prevalence of IgA specific antibodies reported in the present study is due to primary infection at a young age, while in the elderly is probably due to infection or reinfection, although the option of persistence cannot be excluded.

scholarly journals SEROLOGICAL SURVEY OF Ehrlichia SPECIES IN DOGS, HORSES AND HUMANS: ZOONOTIC SCENERY IN A RURAL SETTLEMENT FROM SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Felipe da Costa Vieira ◽  
Thallitha Samih Wischral Jayme Vieira ◽  
Denise do Amaral Gomes Nascimento ◽  
Thiago F. Martins ◽  
Felipe S. Krawczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Test ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Rural Settlement ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Amblyomma Cajennense ◽  
Tick Bites ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
One Year ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent

SUMMARY The aims of this study were to determine the seroprevalence of Ehrlichia spp. and risk factors for exposure in a restricted population of dogs, horses, and humans highly exposed to tick bites in a Brazilian rural settlement using a commercial ELISA rapid test and two indirect immunofluorescent assays (IFA) with E. canis and E. chaffeensis crude antigens. Serum samples from 132 dogs, 16 horses and 100 humans were used. Fifty-six out of 132 (42.4%) dogs were seropositive for E. canis. Dogs > one year were more likely to be seropositive for E. canis than dogs ≤ one year (p = 0.0051). Ten/16 (62.5%) and 8/16 (50%) horses were seropositive by the commercial ELISA and IFA, respectively. Five out of 100 (5%) humans were seropositive for E. canis and E. chaffeensis. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (n = 291, 97.98%) on dogs and Amblyomma cajennense (n = 25, 96.15%) on horses were the most common ticks found. In conclusion, anti-Ehrlichia spp. antibodies were found in horses; however, the lack of a molecular characterization precludes any conclusion regarding the agent involved. Additionally, the higher seroprevalence of E. canis in dogs and the evidence of anti-Ehrlichia spp. antibodies in humans suggest that human cases of ehrlichiosis in Brazil might be caused by E. canis, or other closely related species.

scholarly journals Faecal detection of the lungworms Crenosoma vulpis and Angiostrongylus vasorum and serological detection of A. vasorum in dogs from the Czech Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markéta Hajnalová ◽  
Vlasta Svobodová ◽  
Manuela Schnyder ◽  
Roland Schaper ◽  
Miroslav Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
Faecal Analysis ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Circulating Antigen

Dogs are definitive hosts for the lungworms Crenosoma vulpis and Angiostrongylus vasorum. Intermediate hosts are gasteropoda (Mollusca). In the past, lungworms in dogs were rarely identified in the Czech Republic and in neighbouring countries. A total of 253 dogs were sampled for faecal analysis performed by the Baermann method for isolation of first stage larvae (L1) of lungworms. A total of 193 serum samples were collected and analysed by ELISA for the detection of a circulating antigen and specific antibodies against A. vasorum. All dog owners were asked to fill out a questionnaire. Nine dogs (4.7%, 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 2.2–8.7%) were positive for the A. vasorum circulating antigen, seven dogs (3.6%, CI: 1.5–7.3%) had specific antibodies against A. vasorum; of these, three animals (1.6%, CI: 0.3–4.5%) were positive for both ELISAs. Most of them were under the age of three years. Only three of 13 seropositive dogs were not healthy, namely, in one dog vomitus was observed and two dogs were pyretic. Faecal samples of 5 dogs were positive for C. vulpis L1 (2.0%, CI: 0.6–4.6%). Angiostrongylus vasorum L1 were found in the faecal sample of one dog (0.4%, CI: 0.01–2.2%). This study illustrates the wide-spread occurrence of lungworms in the Czech Republic. Disease awareness of lungworms among animal owners and veterinarians should be implemented.

scholarly journals Serological survey of porcine circovirus 2 antibodies in Northeastern Brazil by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Priscila Rocha Duque ◽  
Antonio Samuel Alves da Silva ◽  
Marconi Rego Barros Júnior ◽  
Andreza Maria Tenório Sergio ◽  
Clara Nilce Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 2 ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Antibody Titers

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) specific antibodies were evaluated in pigs at 15 to 25 weeks of age by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay. Serum samples (n = 575) were obtained from 16 commercial farms located in six states of northeastern Brazil, including two in Ceará (n = 85), three in Rio Grande do Norte (n = 92), two in Paraíba (n = 49), three in Pernambuco (n = 107), two in Alagoas (n = 39), and four in Bahia (n = 203). Out of the 575 evaluated sera, 470 (81.74%) were reagents with antibody titers ranging from 20 to 5,120. All farms presented reactive animals. There was a statistically significant difference in reactivity proportions between the states of Bahia and Ceará (p < 0.05) and between Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte (p < 0.05). This study provides the first serological investigation for PCV2 in pigs from commercial farms in Northeastern Brazil.

scholarly journals STUDY ON DIROFILARIOSIS IN MILITARY DOGS WITHIN THE ARMY OF SERBIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Dušan Pajković ◽  
Sara Savić ◽  
Predrag Veljković ◽  
Živoslav Grgić
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Dirofilaria Repens ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
The North ◽  
Middle Europe ◽  
Clinical Cases

Dirofilariasis is a parasitic disease, caused with Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens. Dirofilariasis can appear as a heart form and as a cutaneus form. For the spreading of dirofilariasis, the presence of mosquitoes is nessessary, because they serve as vectors Also a part of dirofilaria life cycle is developed with in the vector. Dirofilariasis can be found in dogs and cats and sometimes in humans. Even though dirofilariasis was primeraly known as a disease found in mediteranian countries, through the years it has spread out to the north and west of Europe, so now clinical cases of dirofilariasis can be found in middle Europe, including Srbija. First data on dirofilariasis in Serbia were published in 1999. and since that time there is a follow up on dirofilariasis in several regions of Serbia. During a six year period (2004. to 2010.) a study on dirofilariasis in millitary dogs within the army of Serbia was done. A few cases of adult dirofilaria were found in dogs hearts at autopsy. The  study was done on 71 serum samples, from dogs of diferent age, during the study period and a total seroprevelance of 14% was found.

Renal Phosphate Handling in Antiretroviral-naïve HIV-infected Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tewogbade Adeoye Adedeji ◽  
Simeon Adelani. Adebisi ◽  
Nife Olamide Adedeji ◽  
Olusola Akanni Jeje ◽  
Rotimi Samuel Owolabi
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Plasma Phosphate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Phosphate Retention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection impairs renal function, thereby affecting renal phosphate metabolism. Objectives: We prospectively estimated the prevalence of phosphate abnormalities (mild, moderate to life-threatening hypophosphataemia, and hyperphosphataemia) before initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 170 consecutive newly diagnosed ART-naïve, HIV-infected patients attending our HIV/AIDS clinics over a period of one year. Fifty (50) screened HIV-negative blood donors were used for comparison (controls). Blood and urine were collected simultaneously for phosphate and creatinine assay to estimate fractional phosphate excretion (FEPi %) and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results: eGFR showed significant difference between patients’ and controls’ medians (47.89ml/min/1.73m2 versus 60ml/min/1.73m2, p <0.001); which denotes a moderate chronic kidney disease in the patients. Of the 170 patients, 78 (45.9%) had normal plasma phosphate (0.6-1.4 mmol/L); 85 (50%) had hyperphosphataemia. Grades 1, 2 and 3 hypophosphataemia was observed in 3 (1.8%), 3 (1.8%), and 1(0.5%) patient(s) respectively. None had grade 4 hypophosphataemia. Overall, the patients had significantly higher median of plasma phosphate than the controls, 1.4 mmol/L (IQR: 1.0 – 2.2) versus 1.1 mmol/L (IQR: 0.3 – 1.6), p <0.001, implying hyperphosphataemia in the patients; significantly lower median urine phosphate than the controls, 1.5 mmol/L (IQR: 0.7 -2.1) versus 8.4 mmol/L (IQR: 3.4 – 16), p <0.001), justifying the hyperphosphataemia is from phosphate retention; but a non-significantly lower median FEPi% than the controls, 0.96 % (IQR: 0.3 -2.2) versus 1.4% (IQR: 1.2 -1.6), p > 0.05. Predictors of FEPi% were age (Odds ratio, OR 0.9, p = 0.009); weight (OR 2.0, p < 0.001); CD4+ cells count predicted urine phosphate among males (p = 0.029). Conclusion: HIV infection likely induces renal insufficiency with reduced renal phosphate clearance. Thus, hyperphosphataemia is highly prevalent, and there is mild to moderate hypophosphataemia but its life-threatening form (grade 4) is rare among ART-naïve HIV patients.

scholarly journals Weight changes in hypertensive patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome: an integrated proteomics and metabolomics approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Shiping Cheng ◽  
Debajyoti Chowdhury ◽  
Yong Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathway Analysis ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Phosphorylated Proteins ◽  
Circulating Markers ◽  
One Year ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Hypertension (HTN) patients who have phlegm-dampness syndrome (PDS) tend to be obese and have worse outcomes. However, the association of body weight (BW) changes and mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of HTN-PDS are not well elucidated. This study aims to identify the longitudinal observations associated with the circulating markers discriminating BW changes of individuals with HTN-PDS. Methods An integrative approach relying on metabolomics and proteomics was applied to serum samples from HTN-PDS patients in a prospective cohort to identify the plausible mechanistic pathways underpinning HTN-PDS pathophysiology. Study participants were determined to have experienced a weight change if they showed a 5%–15% increase/reduction in BW at the end of the follow-up period. The joint pathway analysis and network analysis were performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA®) on the serum samples obtained from the participants over the period. Results The study involved 22 HTN-PDS patients who were overweight initially and were able to lose enough weight and 24 HTN-PDS individuals who developed overweight from normal BMI during a one-year follow-up. Our analysis suggested three types of phosphatidylcholine (PC) were altered. PC (22:2(13Z,16Z)/24:1(15Z)) and LysoPC (16:1(9Z)) were decreased in Queryweight gain samples, whereas the levels of PC (14:0/16:0) were increased in weight loss samples. The metabolomic analysis suggested 24 metabolites associated with HTN-PDS. Of them, 13 were up-regulated and 11 were down-regulated. The two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE) identified 45 phosphorylated proteins got altered in the HTN-PDS patients, wherein 23 were up-regulated and 22 were down-regulated. Integrated proteomic and metabolomics analyse acknowledged biomarkers PC, Complement C3, C4a/C4b, A2M and SERPINF1 as strong predictors for BW changes in HTN-PDS patients. Conclusion The combined serum proteomic and metabolomic profiling reveals a link between BW change and the complement system activity, altered phosphatidylcholine metabolism in HTN-PDS patients. Future studies with larger cohorts are required to strengthen and validate these findings.

scholarly journals PEDV Infection Generates Conformation-Specific Antibodies That Can Be Effectively Detected by a Cell-Based ELISA

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Wei-Ting Hsu ◽  
Chia-Yu Chang ◽  
Chih-Hsuan Tsai ◽  
Sung-Chan Wei ◽  
Huei-Ru Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Baculovirus ◽  
Immunocytochemical Staining ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Serological Studies ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Infected Insect

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a coronavirus that causes serious and highly contagious enteric disease in swine worldwide. In this study, we constructed a recombinant baculovirus (S-Bac) expressing full-length spike protein of the virulent epidemic genotype 2b (G2b) PEDV strain for serological studies of infected pigs. We found that most spike-specific antibodies produced upon PEDV infection in pigs are conformation-specific and they could be detected on S-Bac-infected insect cells by immunofluorescent assay, but they were insensitive to Western blot analysis, the typical method for antiserum analysis. These results indicated that spike conformation is crucial for serum recognition. Since it is difficult to purify trimeric spike membrane protein for conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we used S-Bac to generate a novel cell-based ELISA for convenient PEDV detection. We analyzed 100 pig serum samples, and our cell-based ELISA exhibited a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 97%, and almost perfect agreement [Cohen’s kappa coefficient value (κ) = 0.98] with immunocytochemical staining results. Our cell-based ELISA rapidly presented antigen for proper detection of conformation-specific antibodies, making PEDV detection more convenient, and it will be useful for detecting many viral diseases in the future.

scholarly journals Consequences of antepartum hemorrhage and its maternal and perinatal outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1480
Author(s):  
Himang Jharaik ◽  
Bishan Dhiman ◽  
S. K. Verma ◽  
Aditi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Antepartum Haemorrhage ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
One Year ◽  
Life Threatening Event

Background: Antepartum haemorrhage, a life-threatening event, is defined as bleeding per vaginum occurring after the fetus has reached the period of viability, considered to be 20 weeks in developed countries and 28 weeks in countries with low resource settings. We evaluated the consequences of antepartum haemorrhage, their maternal and perinatal outcome so as to outline the proper management of patient in order to improve both maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.Methods: This one-year prospective study totaled 133 cases of APH fulfilling the inclusion criteria were studied. Data was recorded on the MS excel sheet for further analysis and processing.Results: Total 6693 deliveries were conducted out of which 133 presented as APH and incidence of APH was found out to be 1.98%. Placenta previa was most common. APH was commonly associated with multigravida and most cases were in age group of 26-30 years. Most of the PP and abruption cases were admitted at 34-37 weeks and 31-33 weeks respectively. High risk factors included previous LSCS and D and C, hypertension, multiple pregnancies and malpresentations. Most of the patients underwent preterm LSCS. Most fetal complications were due to prematurity. 58.6% patients were transfused blood. Overall perinatal mortality was 20.1% and maternal mortality was zero.Conclusions: Early diagnoses, timely referrals and transfusion facilities along with trained team of doctors with well-equipped ICU facility goes a long way in avoiding APH related maternak and fetal complications.

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