Towards understanding the nurse/research interaction

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Said Shahtahmasebi ◽  
Nancy McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Nursing Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nurse Research ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
And Training

Abstract There is a lack of clarity in the literature about what nursing research is or ought to be. There are ample guidelines and texts on how to do nursing research and on syllabus development and countless arguments on why nursing research is synonymous with qualitative approach. This suggests concerns within the profession that nursing research has been developing in a direction of its own that could have had very little influence on health care policy development. Some claim the opposite that nursing practice, in particular in North America, has been evidence-based for the past three decades. In this context, evidence-based is often interpreted as taking part in randomised clinical trials. In this paper, we use historical observations to identify areas of interest which include all issues related to education and training, expertise and working environment for future research.

Prestige versus Practicality—A Dilemma for the Engineering Profession

1985 ◽  
Vol 199 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
K McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Engineering Profession ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Training

British engineers have claimed that their important contributions to economic and social well-being, based on their achievements as practical people, have gone unrecognized or unrewarded. Yet over the past thirty years efforts to boost the social prestige of British engineers appear to have undermined the social arrangements which fostered the strong practical ethos. Increasing reliance on the full-time educational system is tending to raise social prestige through bringing the ‘all graduate profession’ and through trends to recruitment from higher social backgrounds. Yet these trends have been associated with a fall in traditional and recognizable training. This paper examines both the nature of the ‘practical’ tradition and efforts to raise ‘prestige’ and asks whether the engineering profession is caught on the horns of an irresolvable dilemma—to boost either prestige or practicality. The paper concludes that in principle the British pattern of education and training has much to commend it still, with the strong emphasis on training elements in a working environment. But it is argued that its success will depend on engineers and their employers becoming much more active in the field of training.

scholarly journals Advancing understanding and identifying strategies for sustaining evidence-based practices: a review of reviews

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Birken ◽  
Emily R. Haines ◽  
Soohyun Hwang ◽  
David A. Chambers ◽  
Alicia C. Bunger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Review Of Reviews ◽  
Conceptual Relationships ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
Cast Analysis

Abstract Background Implementation science has focused mainly on the initial uptake and use of evidence-based practices (EBPs), with less attention to sustainment—i.e., continuous use of these practices, as intended, over time in ongoing operations, often involving adaptation to dynamic contexts. Declining EBP use following implementation is well-documented yet poorly understood. Using theories, models, and frameworks (TMFs) to conceptualize sustainment could advance understanding. We consolidated knowledge from published reviews of sustainment studies to identify TMFs with the potential to conceptualize sustainment, evaluate past uses of TMFs in sustainment studies, and assess the TMFs’ potential contribution to developing sustainment strategies. Methods We drew upon reviews of sustainment studies published within the past 10 years, evaluated the frequency with which included articles used a TMF for conceptualizing sustainment, and evaluated the relevance of TMFs to sustainment research using the Theory, Model, and Framework Comparison and Selection Tool (T-CaST). Specifically, we examined whether the TMFs were familiar to researchers, hypothesized relationships among constructs, provided a face-valid explanation of relationships, and included sustainment as an outcome. Findings Nine sustainment reviews referenced 648 studies; these studies cited 76 unique TMFs. Only 28 TMFs were used in more than one study. Of the 19 TMFs that met the criteria for T-CaST analysis, six TMFs explicitly included sustainment as the outcome of interest, 12 offered face-valid explanations of proposed conceptual relationships, and six identified mechanisms underlying relationships between included constructs and sustainment. Only 11 TMFs performed adequately with respect to all these criteria. Conclusions We identified 76 TMFs that have been used in sustainment studies. Of these, most were only used once, contributing to a fractured understanding of sustainment. Improved reporting and use of TMFs may improve understanding of this critical topic. Of the more consistently used TMFs, few proposed face-valid relationships between included constructs and sustainment, limiting their ability to advance our understanding and identify potential sustainment strategies. Future research is needed to explore the TMFs that we identified as potentially relevant, as well as TMFs not identified in our study that nonetheless have the potential to advance our understanding of sustainment and identification of strategies for sustaining EBP use.

scholarly journals Improved Biosafety and Biosecurity Measures and/or Strategies to Tackle Laboratory-Acquired Infections and Related Risks

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huasong Peng ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Hafiz Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Laboratory Workers ◽  
And Training

Herein, we reviewed laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs) along with their health-related biological risks to provide an evidence base to tackle biosafety/biosecurity and biocontainment issues. Over the past years, a broad spectrum of pathogenic agents, such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, or genetically modified organisms, have been described and gained a substantial concern due to their profound biological as well as ecological risks. Furthermore, the emergence and/or re-emergence of life-threatening diseases are of supreme concern and come under the biosafety and biosecurity agenda to circumvent LAIs. Though the precise infection risk after an exposure remains uncertain, LAIs inspections revealed that Brucella spp., Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Rickettsia spp., and Neisseria meningitidis are the leading causes. Similarly, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as hepatitis B (HBV) and C viruses (HCV), and the dimorphic fungi are accountable for the utmost number of viral and fungal-associated LAIs. In this context, clinical laboratories at large and microbiology, mycology, bacteriology, and virology-oriented laboratories, in particular, necessitate appropriate biosafety and/or biosecurity measures to ensure the safety of laboratory workers and working environment, which are likely to have direct or indirect contact/exposure to hazardous materials or organisms. Laboratory staff education and training are indispensable to gain an adequate awareness to handle biologically hazardous materials as per internationally recognized strategies. In addition, workshops should be organized among laboratory workers to let them know the epidemiology, pathogenicity, and human susceptibility of LAIs. In this way, several health-related threats that result from the biologically hazardous materials can be abridged or minimized and controlled by the correct implementation of nationally and internationally certified protocols that include proper microbiological practices, containment devices/apparatus, satisfactory facilities or resources, protective barriers, and specialized education and training of laboratory staffs. The present work highlights this serious issue of LAIs and associated risks with suitable examples. Potential preventive strategies to tackle an array of causative agents are also discussed. In this respect, the researchers and scientific community may benefit from the lessons learned in the past to anticipate future problems.

Older workers: Past, present and future

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-448
Author(s):  
Valerie Dawn Caines ◽  
Monique F Crane ◽  
Jack Noone ◽  
Barbara Griffin ◽  
Shiksha Datta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Workforce Planning ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Career Longevity ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Employment Trends

In this article, we focus on the ever-growing numbers of older workers and considerations for workplace practices and policies that make the most from the qualities older workers bring. To begin, we explore the socio-political context examining employment trends for older workers and highlight policies and trends that inform workforce planning. We then extend the discussion of older workers from the perspective of person–environment (P-E) fit, entrepreneurship, resilience and cognitive functioning. Each of these perspectives have received increased research and practitioner attention over the past two decades. They present opportunities to increase our understanding of older people in a workplace context and how to support older workers in a socio-political environment focused on career longevity. We argue that a new national strategy is needed to guide future initiatives and policy development. We propose future research directions and practitioner intervention prospects. JEL Classification: M54

scholarly journals Posing the million dollar question: What happens after graduation?

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J. Head
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Academic Librarians ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
And Training ◽  
Literacy Research

This paper reflects on the increase of information literacy research about the workplace and lifelong learning during the past 10 years. Librarians have long held that lifelong learning is the goal of information literacy instruction and training, but until the last decade, there has been a paucity of research about the information-seeking behaviour of students after they graduate. The origins and drivers of this shift in the research agenda are examined, drawing on US research studies by Project Information Literacy (PIL), and related research from around the world. Key takeaways from this body of work are discussed in addition to the implications findings have for academic librarians teaching and working with university students. Directions for future research are identified and discussed.

Future Directions and Conclusion

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip M. Kleespies
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mental Health Providers ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Behavioral Emergencies ◽  
And Training

In this concluding chapter, further emphasis is given to the critical need for education and training for psychologists and other mental health providers in the evaluation and management of behavioral emergencies. It is noted that the need for such training has been cited by several national and international organizations concerned with health care. Next, there is a discussion of some aspects of behavioral emergencies that are in need of future research and some promising directions for the prevention of suicide and interpersonal violence (e.g., means restriction and means restriction counseling). Finally, the importance of remaining evidence-based in clinical work is discussed, as well as what “evidence-based” might mean in a dynamic area of practice such as behavioral emergencies.

Rethinking Older Adult Murder Victims: Looking Back at 25 Years of Homicide Studies to Inform Future Research Needs

2021 ◽  
pp. 108876792110469
Author(s):  
Lynn A. Addington
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Demographic Shift ◽  
Baby Boomer Generation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Murder Victims

Over the past 25 years, homicide researchers have largely ignored older adults. This pattern continues even in light of the ongoing demographic shift associated with the aging baby boomer generation. This article reflects on the current state of the literature and discusses areas in need of attention. Future research needs can be categorized into substantive and methodological issues. The insights gained by exploring these topics can generate nuanced explanations for fatal violence against older adults and support future evidence-based prevention policies.

Enhancing Nursing Research With Children and Families Using a Developmental Science Perspective

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARGARET S. MILES ◽  
DIANE HOLDITCH-DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nursing Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Developmental Science ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Key Aspects

Nursing scholarship on children and their families has increased rapidly over the past decades. This research focuses on infants, children, and adolescents and their families facing acute or chronic illness, as well as on promoting health and preventing disease in children. While the amount and scope of research in pediatric nursing has increased, the methods and theories used are diverse and are often not based on the most recent science in the broader fields of developmental research. Developmental science, which evolved over the past two decades into a new interdisciplinary framework for the study of human development, involves an integrated holistic, developmental, and systems-oriented perspective. According to this view, the individual functions and develops through dynamic and complex processes involving the integration of many systems within the individual, including mental, biological, and behavioral systems. In addition, individuals function and develop in a continuously ongoing, reciprocal process of interaction with their environment and, as such, have an influence on that environment. These nonlinear, dynamic processes demand complex conceptualizations and research designs if one is to truly understand human development, including health and illness. Key aspects of developmental science important in conceptualization, design, measurement, and data analysis are identified. By providing a framework for critiquing research and presenting recommendations for future research based on developmental science, we hope to move nursing research with children forward toward more developmentally sound knowledge of nursing practice.

The evolution of travel information search research: a perspective article

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Gretzel ◽  
Zohreh Zarezadeh ◽  
Yuxuan Li ◽  
Zheng Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Travel Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tourism Information ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
Information Landscape

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the evolution of travel information search literature over the past 75 years to outline research needs for the upcoming decades. Design/methodology/approach This paper conducts a literature review based on the descriptive textual analysis of article abstracts from a sample of representative tourism journals on the subject of travel information search. Findings The analysis shows that the literature reflects the mounting complexity in the tourism information landscape and the increasing diversity in available channels. It also reveals lack of theoretical advancement in terms of reconceptualizing travel information search to better accommodate current and future technological advances. Originality/value This paper offers a systematic review of literature on travel information search and identifies areas of interest and directions for future research.

Explaining Performance in Elite Middle-Aged Runners: Contributions from Age and from Ongoing and Past Training Factors

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley W. Young ◽  
Nikola Medic ◽  
Patricia L. Weir ◽  
Janet L. Starkes
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ongoing Training ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Selective Maintenance ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
And Training

Researchers have contended that patterns of age-related decline are not necessarily due to age, but rather to disuse, or declining practice (Bortz, 1982; Ericsson, 2000; Maharam, Bauman, Kalman, Skolnik, & Perle, 1999). A regression approach was used to examine age and training variables as predictors of 10-km running performance between 40 and 59 years of age. A sample of 30 Masters runners (M age = 50.1 years, M 10-km time = 39:19) reported data for ongoing training, cumulative running in the past 5 years, and cumulative running earlier in a career. In Analysis 1, ongoing training variables explained more variance in performance than age alone, and reduced the unique variance attributable to age in a combined model. In Analysis 2, findings were replicated using past cumulative running variables and age; running in the past 5 years explained more unique variance than age alone. Discussion focuses on how findings relate to the selective maintenance account (Krampe & Ericsson, 1996), how various aspects of training help to preserve performance in aging populations, and recommendations for future research.

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