Enhancing Nursing Research With Children and Families Using a Developmental Science Perspective

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARGARET S. MILES ◽  
DIANE HOLDITCH-DAVIS
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nursing Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Developmental Science ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Key Aspects

Nursing scholarship on children and their families has increased rapidly over the past decades. This research focuses on infants, children, and adolescents and their families facing acute or chronic illness, as well as on promoting health and preventing disease in children. While the amount and scope of research in pediatric nursing has increased, the methods and theories used are diverse and are often not based on the most recent science in the broader fields of developmental research. Developmental science, which evolved over the past two decades into a new interdisciplinary framework for the study of human development, involves an integrated holistic, developmental, and systems-oriented perspective. According to this view, the individual functions and develops through dynamic and complex processes involving the integration of many systems within the individual, including mental, biological, and behavioral systems. In addition, individuals function and develop in a continuously ongoing, reciprocal process of interaction with their environment and, as such, have an influence on that environment. These nonlinear, dynamic processes demand complex conceptualizations and research designs if one is to truly understand human development, including health and illness. Key aspects of developmental science important in conceptualization, design, measurement, and data analysis are identified. By providing a framework for critiquing research and presenting recommendations for future research based on developmental science, we hope to move nursing research with children forward toward more developmentally sound knowledge of nursing practice.

Towards understanding the nurse/research interaction

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Said Shahtahmasebi ◽  
Nancy McNamara
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Nursing Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nurse Research ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
And Training

Abstract There is a lack of clarity in the literature about what nursing research is or ought to be. There are ample guidelines and texts on how to do nursing research and on syllabus development and countless arguments on why nursing research is synonymous with qualitative approach. This suggests concerns within the profession that nursing research has been developing in a direction of its own that could have had very little influence on health care policy development. Some claim the opposite that nursing practice, in particular in North America, has been evidence-based for the past three decades. In this context, evidence-based is often interpreted as taking part in randomised clinical trials. In this paper, we use historical observations to identify areas of interest which include all issues related to education and training, expertise and working environment for future research.

scholarly journals Air quality changes and Grey relational analysis of pollutants exceeding standards during the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhong Ji ◽  
Runqi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Grey Relational

Abstract The COVID-19 has spread widely around the world, and the air quality during that period has changed significantly. On the contrary, air quality also can affect the development of the pandemic. Therefore, it is pretty necessary to study air quality changes during the pandemic. This paper achieves this goal by applying the Over-standard multiples method and Grey relational analysis to study the individual and overall change trends of pollutants in Wuhan during the same period in the past seven years. The result shows that the concentrations of SO2 and O3 increased affected by the pandemic but still meet the standard. However, the pandemic promoted a decrease in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 concentrations, but it had just reached the standard or even exceeded the standard. This article discussed the feasibility of using Grey relational analysis to analyze pollutants exceeding the standard from an overall perspective and provided new ideas for future research.

Comorbidity of Depression and Conduct Disorder

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah M. Capaldi ◽  
Hyoun K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gender Similarities ◽  
The Individual

Both depression and conduct disorders are relatively prevalent and are related to poor long-term outcomes. Despite being characterized by very different symptoms, it is well established that these two disorders co-occur at higher rates than expected by chance, resulting in poorer adjustment for the individual than would result from either problem alone. The termcomorbidityis usually reserved to refer to the association of diagnosed disorders, whereasco-occurrencerefers more broadly to the association of levels of symptoms of conduct problems and depression, which are usually calculated with means or possibly symptoms counts. In the past two decades, researchers have focused particularly on the following issues regarding the comorbidity of depression and conduct disorder: (1) possible causal associations of the two problem behaviors (i.e., do depressive disorders tend to onset after conduct disorders or vice versa); (2) theory regarding causes of the association (i.e., common versus unique risk factors for these two problem behaviors); (3) changes across development (i.e., with age); (4) risks from diagnosed disorders versus symptoms that do not reach diagnostic criteria; (5) outcomes or prognosis (e.g., are outcomes more severe for co-occurring problems than for either problem alone, are there distinct patterns of outcomes associated with co-occurring problems). Within each of these areas there is considerable interest in moderation of effects by gender or gender similarities and differences. This chapter reviews findings pertaining to these issues and presents suggestions for future research. In addition, assessment approaches and clinical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance: turning evolutionary principles into clinical reality

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan I Andersson ◽  
Nathalie Q Balaban ◽  
Fernando Baquero ◽  
Patrice Courvalin ◽  
Philippe Glaser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Bacterial Physiology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clinical Reality ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT Antibiotic resistance is one of the major challenges facing modern medicine worldwide. The past few decades have witnessed rapid progress in our understanding of the multiple factors that affect the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance at the population level and the level of the individual patient. However, the process of translating this progress into health policy and clinical practice has been slow. Here, we attempt to consolidate current knowledge about the evolution and ecology of antibiotic resistance into a roadmap for future research as well as clinical and environmental control of antibiotic resistance. At the population level, we examine emergence, transmission and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, and at the patient level, we examine adaptation involving bacterial physiology and host resilience. Finally, we describe new approaches and technologies for improving diagnosis and treatment and minimizing the spread of resistance.

From the Editors

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. v-vi
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
East Germany ◽  
National Interest ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Political Asylum ◽  
German Politics ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Key Aspects

Our Summer issue features three articles on key aspects of Germanpolitics and society. Belinda Cooper analyzes yet another angle of thethorny Stasi problem, in this case the role and presence of womenin the Stasi. Placing her discussion in the larger context of womenin East Germany, Cooper has fashioned a nuanced, meticulouslyresearched argument about an issue that remains pertinent in thedebate on Germany, women, unification, and the country’s complexpast. John Bendix and Niklaus Steiner provide a new epistemologicalprism for the evaluation of Germany’s much discussed problem ofpolitical asylum. They address this difficult topic in the context ofexisting approaches in comparative politics and international relations,featuring the notion of “national interest” in their presentation.Ludger Helms then offers a fascinating study of an often-neglectedinstitution of German politics: that of the federal presidency since1949. After a careful reading of this article, it is evident that the Germanpresidency deserves more attention in the future researchagenda of political scientists than it has garnered in the past.

Handbook of Imagination and Culture

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Cultural Psychology ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past

Imagination is a core driver of human development as well as social transformation. Long ignored in psychology, imagination enjoys renewed interest in developmental and sociocultural approaches to mind and culture. In this Handbook, the enquiry is broadened, and imagination is explored by a number of eminent scholars and practitioners within and at the frontiers of cultural psychology. Organized in four main sections, the Handbook of Imagination and Culture first examines the history and extension of the concept of imagination, its proximity to creativity, and the methodology used to approach it. The second section examines imagination as a dynamic, lifelong developmental process: its emergence in childhood and expression in adulthood and into old age. The third section explores imagination as a pervasive phenomenon in domains such as music, theatre, work, and education. The fourth sections shows that imagination can function as a motor for social change in community work, in the use of new technologies, in society’s relation to the past, and in political change. As a whole, the book invites us to go beyond the frontiers of our knowledge: it opens perspectives for future research and cultivates the potential for individual and collective action toward an imagined future.

The Research Liaison Committee of the (American) African Studies Association

1967 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
Shirley K. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
African Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
National Group ◽  
Liaison Committee ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Individual

Scholars from the United States constitute the largest single national group engaged in African research. The responsibility for establishing friendly relations with their colleagues in Africa has, in the past, been assumed by the individual scholar. It has become increasingly apparent that co-operation with Africanists in Africa itself will be of the greatest importance to future research, and that the A.S.A. can play a useful liaison role.

Empirical Research and Paranormal Beliefs: Going beyond the Epistemological Debate in Favour of the Individual

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
François P. Mathijsen
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mental Control ◽  
The Past ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
Epistemological Debate ◽  
The Individual

A brief look at the empirical literature of the past ten years reveals the clear debate raging over the pertinence of paranormal study to the field of psychology. Each of the arguments put forward by sceptics and believers is the product of the epistemological context in which they find themselves. Each addresses a different issue, using different terminology and different scientific approaches. However, these studies do reveal certain personality traits among paranormal believers who use their paranormal beliefs to exercise mental control and organisation, to cope with and manage anxiety, while moderating this with a certain emotional intelligence. Anxiety could well be a common factor underlying all aspects of the personalities of paranormal believers. It seems necessary therefore to leave psychology out of any epistemological debate, in order to enable the study of how being a paranormal believer helps or hinders the individual and their relationships. Refocusing on the experiences of the individual may provide a consensus for future research in this field.

scholarly journals Analysis of air quality changes during the COVID-19 in Wuhan city based on Over-standard multiples method and Gray relational analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhong Ji ◽  
Runqi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Gray Relational Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Individual

Abstract To study air quality changes during the COVID-19. This paper introduced the Over-standard multiples method and Gray relational analysis to study the individual and overall change trends of pollutants in Wuhan during the same period in the past seven years. The result shows that the concentrations of SO2 and O3 increased but still meet the standard. However, the pandemic promoted a decrease in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 concentrations, but it had just reached the standard or even exceeded the standard. This article discussed the feasibility of using Gray relational analysis to analyze pollutants exceeding the standard from an overall perspective and provided new ideas for future research.

scholarly journals Analysis of air quality changes during the COVID-19 in Wuhan city based on Over-standard multiples method and Gray relational analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhong Ji ◽  
Runqi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Gray Relational Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Individual

Abstract To study air quality changes during the COVID-19. This paper introduced the Over-standard multiples method and Gray relational analysis to study the individual and overall change trends of pollutants in Wuhan during the same period in the past seven years. The result shows that the concentrations of SO2 and O3 increased but still meet the standard. However, the pandemic promoted a decrease in PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 concentrations, but it had just reached the standard or even exceeded the standard. This article discussed the feasibility of using Gray relational analysis to analyze pollutants exceeding the standard from an overall perspective and provided new ideas for future research.

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