Preparation of ZnO nanoflakes and assessment of their removal of HCN, NO2 and SO2 toxic gases

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Thi Hanh Nguyen ◽  
Xuan Manh Pham ◽  
Thanh Nhan Nguyen ◽  
Nhung Hac Thi ◽  
Tuyet Anh DangThi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Zno Nanoflakes ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract Zinc oxide nanoflakes were synthesized using the wet precipitation method from aqueous solutions of zinc nitrate and sodium hydroxide. The obtained materials were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption–desorption methods. The presence of sodium lauryl sulfate in the preparation of zinc oxide resulted in thinner, larger size, and higher specific surface area nanoflakes. The saturated adsorption capacities of zinc oxide nanoflakes for HCN, NO2, and SO2 were 216 mg g–1, 81 mg g–1, and 38 mg g–1, respectively. These results suggest that the material is a potential candidate for the removal of these toxic gases.

scholarly journals Zinc Oxide Synthesis from Extreme Ratios of Zinc Acetate and Zinc Nitrate: Synergistic Morphology

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Sujittra Kaenphakdee ◽  
Pimpaka Putthithanas ◽  
Supan Yodyingyong ◽  
Jeerapond Leelawattanachai ◽  
Wannapong Triampo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Zinc Acetate ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oxide Powders ◽  
Zno Powders

The synthesis of ZnO comprising different ratios of zinc acetate (ZA) and zinc nitrate (ZN) from the respective zinc precursor solutions was successfully completed via a simple precipitation method. Zinc oxide powders with different mole ratios of ZA/ZN were produced—80/1, 40/1, and 20/1. The crystallinity, microstructure, and optical properties of all produced ZnO powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometry. The average agglomerated particle sizes of ZnO-80/1, ZnO-40/1, and ZnO-20/1 were measured at 655, 640, and 620 nm, respectively, using dynamic light scattering (DLS). The optical properties of ZnO were significantly affected by the extreme ratio differences in the zinc precursors. ZnO-80/1 was found to have a unique coral-sheet structure morphology, which resulted in its superior ability to reflect near-infrared (NIR) radiation compared to ZnO-40/1 and ZnO-20/1. The NIR-shielding performances of ZnO were assessed using a thermal insulation test, where coating with ZnO-80/1 could lower the inner temperature by 5.2 °C compared with the neat glass substrate. Due to the synergistic effects on morphology, ZnO-80/1 exhibited the property of enhanced NIR shielding in curtailing the internal building temperature, which allows for its utilization as an NIR-reflective pigment coating in the construction of building envelopes.

The Different Morphology of Co3O4 Catalysts and Application in the Abatement of Carbon Monoxide

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 6082-6087
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Tang ◽  
Hsiang-Yu Shih ◽  
Ruei-Ci Wu ◽  
Chih-Chia Wang ◽  
Chen-Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Co Oxidation ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The increase of harmful carbon monoxide (CO) caused by incomplete combustion can affect human health even lead to suffocation. Therefore reducing the CO discharged by vehicles or factories is urgent to improve the air quality. The spinel cobalt (II, III) oxide (Co3O4) is an active catalyst for CO abatement. In this study, we tried to fabricate dispersing Co3O4 via the dispersion-precipitation method with acetic acid, formic acid, and oxalic acid as the chelating dispersants. Then, the asprepared samples were calcined at 300 ºC for 4 h to obtain active catalysts, and assigned as Co(A), Co(F) and Co(O) respectively, the amount of the dispersants used are labeled as I (0.12 mole), II (0.03 mole) and III (0.01 mole). For comparison, another CoAP sample was prepared via alkaliinduced precipitation and calcined at 300 ºC. All samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption system, and the catalytic activity focused on the CO oxidation. The influence of chelating dispersant on the performance of abatement of CO was pursued in this study. Apparently, the results showed that the chelating dispersant can influence the catalytic activity of CO abatement. An optimized ratio of dispersant can improve the performance, while excess dispersant lessens the surface area and catalytic performance. The series of Co(O) samples can easily donate the active oxygen since the labile Co–O bonding and indicated the preferential performance than both Co(A) and Co(F) samples. The nanorod Co(O)-II showed preferential for CO oxidation, T50 and T90 approached 96 and 127 ºC, respectively. Also, the favorable durability of Co(O)-II sample maintains 95% conversion still for 50 h at 130 ºC and does not emerge deactivation.

The Influence of Annealing Temperature on Structural Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Precipitation Method

2017 ◽  
Vol 728 ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natpasit Chaithanatkun ◽  
Korakot Onlaor ◽  
Benchapol Tunhoo
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Crystal Structure

In the present work, the precipitation method was applied to prepare zinc oxide nanoparticles in the presence of zinc nitrate and potassium hydroxide as precursor solutions. The influence of annealing temperature on the properties such as structural and morphological of zinc oxide nanoparticles were performed by X-ray diffraction technique, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The effects of annealing temperature on the crystallite size of zinc oxide nanoparticles have investigated. The XRD results represented that the zinc oxide nanoparticles exhibits high crystallinity of hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure. The average crystallite size of nanoparticles increased from 18 to 31 nm when the annealing temperature had increased. The morphology images show that the nanoparticles in this work were spherical in shape. Raman and FT-IR spectra confirm that the quality of Zn-O vibrational mode is stronger at higher annealing temperature.

scholarly journals Carbonization of Lignin Extracted from Liquid Waste of Coconut Coir Delignification

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Widiyastuti Widiyastuti ◽  
Mahardika Fahrudin Rois ◽  
Heru Setyawan ◽  
Siti Machmudah ◽  
Diky Anggoro
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Coconut Coir ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Lignin as a by-product of the pulping process is less widely used for worth materials. In this study, the utilization of lignin by-product of the soda delignification process of coconut coir converted to the activated carbon by a simple precipitation method followed by the carbonization at various temperatures is presented. The by-product liquor of the soda delignification process having a pH of 13.4 was neutralized by dropping of hydrochloric acid solution to achieve the pH solution of 4 resulting in the lignin precipitation. The precipitated was washed, filtered, and dried. The dried lignin was then carbonized under a nitrogen atmosphere at various temperatures of 500, 700, and 900 °C. The dried lignin and carbonized samples were characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyzer, to examine their morphology, X-Ray diffraction pattern, chemical bonding interaction, and surface area-pore size distribution, respectively. The characterization results showed that the functional groups of lignin mostly disappeared gradually with the increase of temperature approached the graphite spectrum. The XRD patterns confirmed that the carbonized lignin particles were amorphous and assigned as graphitic. All samples had a pore size of 3–4 nm classified as mesoporous particles. This study has shown that the carbonization lignin at a temperature of 700 °C had the highest surface area (i.e. 642.5 m2/g) in which corresponds to the highest specific capacitance (i.e. 28.84 F/g).

Effect of Polyethylene Glycol Additive on Structure and Performance of Active Alumina by Reverse Precipitation Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 487 ◽  
pp. 649-652
Author(s):  
Fang Hu ◽  
Jiao Ma ◽  
Yu Sheng Wu ◽  
Di Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Active Alumina ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Reverse Precipitation

Active alumina (γ-Al2O3) was prepared from NaAlO2 and HNO3 by a reverse precipitation method with addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The effect of PEG additived in the different stages during the preparing process was investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption. It was found that the mesoporous alumina sample with the PEG additived into the initial HNO3 solution was the most effective at improving the surface area and the pore volume of γ-Al2O3.

scholarly journals Zinc Titanate Nanopowders. Synthesis and Characterization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gabal ◽  
Y.M. Al Angari
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zinc Titanate ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Precursor Decomposition ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract Zinc titanates nanopowders viz.; Zn2TiO4, ZnTi3O8 and ZnTiO3 were synthesized through the thermal decomposition course of ZnC2O4.2H2O-TiO2 precursor (1:1 mole ratio), prepared via a new co-precipitation method up to 900oC. Thermogravimetric measurement (TG) was utilized to characterize the precursor decomposition while X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) were used to characterize the decomposition products as well as the phase transitions at different temperatures. XRD revealed the starting of titanates formation at 700oC via detecting Zn2TiO4 along with ZnO and TiO2 (anatase) diffraction peaks. By increasing the calcination temperature to 800oC, the ZnO content vanished with the appearing of Zn2Ti3O8 besides ZnTi2O4 and impurities of TiO2 (anatase). Finally at 900oC, the Zn2Ti3O8 content was decomposed into ZnTiO3. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm of the calcined precursor at 900oC indicated low specific surface area of 7.1 m2 g-1 in accordance with the agglomeration nature estimated via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study. The conductivity measurements showed semiconducting behavior of the prepared titanates with ferroelectric transition in the range 200-308oC.The obtained low dielectric value suggests the uses of present titanates as a co-fired ceramic or resonator ceramics.

Fabrication and Characterization of Hollow Zirconia Microspheres Using Calcium Carbonate as Template

2016 ◽  
Vol 230 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengsong Ge ◽  
Weixue Zhu ◽  
Qian Shao
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Spherical Hollow

AbstractStabilized spherical hollow zirconia was fabricated using calcium carbonate as template through a simple precipitation method. The as-prepared products were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms (BET). Adsorption performance of the as-prepared products toward Congo red (CR) aqueous solutions was tested and discussed. Results show that the prepared hollow ZrO

Application of raw and modified Uruguayan clays to phosphate adsorption for water remediation

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (61) ◽  
pp. 3543-3549
Author(s):  
Pablo González ◽  
Andrea C. De Los Santos ◽  
Jorge R. Castiglioni ◽  
María A. De León
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Pillared Clay ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Phosphate Adsorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

ABSTRACTA raw clay from Uruguay was modified with aluminium to obtain an aluminium pillared clay (Al-PILC). The solids were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The Al-PILC retained the typical laminar structure of montmorillonite. The specific surface area and the microporous volume of the Al-PILC, 235 m2 g-1 and 0.096 cm3 g-1, respectively, were much higher than those of the clay. The phosphate adsorption capacity of the Al-PILC was higher than those of the clay. The phosphate adsorption kinetic followed the pseudo-first-order model for both, the clay and the Al-PILC, and the phosphate adsorption isotherm for the Al-PILC fit the Freundlich model.

Synthesis of Novel Core-Shell Structured Hydroxyapatite/Meso-Silica for Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Feng Li ◽  
Xiao Lu Ge ◽  
Shu Guang Liu ◽  
Fei Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Core-shell structured hydroxyapatite (HA)/meso-silica was prepared and used as absorbance of methylene blue (MB). HA/meso-silica was synthesized in three steps: preparation of nano-sized HA by wet precipitation method, coating of dense silica and deposition of meso-silica shell on HA. As-received samples were characterized by Fourier transformed infare spectra, small angle X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm and transmission electron microscopy. A wormhole framework mesostructure was found for HA/meso-silica. The specific surface area and pore volume were 128 m2•g-1 and 0.36 cm3•g-1, respectively. From the adsorption isotherm, HA/meso-silica with the great specific surface area exhibited a prominent adsorption capacity of MB (134.0 mg/g) in comparison with bare HA (0 mg/g). This study might shed light on surface modification of conventional low-cost adsorbents for removal of organic pollutants from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Highly Porous Carbon Materials Filled with Nickel Hydroxide Nanoparticles; Synthesis, Study, Application in Electrochemistry

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Zakharov ◽  
A.N. Voropay ◽  
N.M. Fedorova ◽  
V.M. Pugachev ◽  
A.V. Puzynin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Nickel Hydroxide ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Porous Carbon Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Rate ◽  
Electrode Cell ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Electrode Characteristics ◽  
Study Application

<p>Nickel hydroxide was deposited on the surface of the porous carbon to obtain a cathode material for supercapacitors. This work is the first part of the study of Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>/С composite, which considers the conditions of its synthesis using two types of porous carbon matrices with a highly developed specific surface area (1000–3000 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and two types of precursors (NiCl<sub>2</sub>*6H<sub>2</sub>O and Ni(N<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>). The morphology of the systems, in particular the shape and size characteristics of the hydroxide filler particles, was examined using the scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption at 77 K. The measurements of capacity of the Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>/С-electrodes were made in 6 M KOH using an asymmetric two-electrode cell (a porous carbon material with known electrode characteristics was employed as the counter electrode). The capacity was shown to decrease by 22–56% with increasing the scanning rate from 10 to 80 mV/s. A maximum capacity of the composite was obtained at a scanning rate of 10 mV/s was 346 F/g.</p>

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