Carcinogen sodium arsenite disrupts antioxidant and redox homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aghogho Oyibo ◽  
Amos O. Abolaji ◽  
Oyeronke A. Odunola
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Environmental Contaminants ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Emergence Rate ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

Abstract Objectives The inadvertent exposure to environmental contaminants has been reported to induce cancer in different animal models. Here, we investigated the toxicity of Sodium Arsenite (SA), a Class I Carcinogen in Drosophila melanogaster. Methods Harwich fly strain (1–3 days old) of both sexes were orally exposed to SA (0, 0.0312, 0.0625 and 0.125 mM) for 14 days for survival study. Thereafter, 5 days exposure period was selected to assess the toxic effects of SA on oxidative stress and antioxidant markers. Results The results indicated that SA induced significant reduction in survival and emergence rate of flies. Furthermore, SA significantly increased Nitric Oxide (NO, nitrite and nitrate) and Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) levels in flies compared with control (p<0.05). In addition, SA inhibited catalase and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities, and depleted total thiol and glutathione (GSH) contents. Moreover, acetylcholinesterase activity significantly increased in flies treated with SA when compared with control. Conclusions Sodium arsenite-induced reduction in survival and emergence rates of flies occurred via the disruption of oxidative stress-antioxidant homeostasis in D. melanogaster.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Role of Nutraceutical Quercetin and its Derivatives Against Cognitive Impairment Process Induced by Lead Exposure in Drosophila melanogaster(Fruit Fly)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Abubakar lema Abdullahi ◽  
A. A. Lema ◽  
K. Jibrin ◽  
W. Nuraddeen ◽  
E. M. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
High Therapeutic Index ◽  
In Silico Toxicity

Cumulative lifetime lead (Pb) exposure has been associated with accelerated declines in cognition through the free radical generation and epigenetic effects. Several pieces of literature have identified a correlation between exposure to lead and neurodegenerative disorders. Harwich strain Drosophila melanogaster was exposed to lead acetate for two weeks, and changes in pulse transmission by acetylcholinesterase and systemic redox were evaluated. Besides, molecular docking studies of acetylcholinesterase against Quercetin and its most common derivatives contained in food have been performed. Pharmacokinetic studies on Quercetin and its derivatives have also been performed in silico toxicity. The data obtained showed alterations in antioxidant enzymes and molecules such as catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione. Upregulation of acetylcholinesterase activity was observed after treatment with Quercetin. In molecular docking tests, Quercetin and its derivatives were found to bind to acetylcholinesterase's active and peripheral pockets. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrate moderate solubility, high therapeutic index, excellent absorption potential, hepatoprotective and non-mutagenic properties. With other antioxidant molecules, Quercetin may also play a crucial role in avoiding the development of Alzheimer's and associated antioxidant disorders.  

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Oxidative Stress Status in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Liver Induced by Three Typical Organic UV Filters (BP-4, PABA and PBSA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Huang ◽  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
Tantan Wang ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Jiaqi Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Exposure Dose ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Biomarker Response ◽  
Static Water ◽  
Organic Uv Filters

Organic UV filters are a kind of emerging pollutants, which have been widely used in personal care products (PCPs). This study evaluated the effects of benzophenone-4 (BP-4), 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), and 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA) on the selected indices of antioxidative responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio) liver. Zebrafish were exposed to two different doses (i.e., 0.5 and 5 mg L−1) of semi-static water with three individual compounds. Liver samples were collected on 7 and 14 days to analyze biochemical indicators, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Oxidative stress occurred in zebrafish liver with significantly changed indicators during the whole exposure period. Different experimental groups could induce or inhibit the activity of antioxidant enzymes with varying degrees. With a prolonged exposure time and increased exposure dose, the hepatic lipid peroxidation was also obviously observed. Moreover, the toxicity order of three organic UV filters was analyzed using the integrated biomarker response (IBR) index and the results indicate that exposure to PABA for 7 days at 0.5 mg L−1 and PBSA for 7 days at 5 mg L−1 induced the most severe oxidative stress in the liver of zebrafish.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Role of Plectranthus esculentus on 4-Vinylcyclohexene Monoepoxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 9432-9442
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Toxic Metabolite ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Total Thiol ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Digestive Disorders

Plectranthus esculentus is a plant used to relieve pain and digestive disorders. 4-Vinylcyclohexene 1,2-monoepoxide (VCM) is a toxic metabolite of 4-vinylcyclohexene. The lifespan effects of leaf varieties of P. esculentus fractions (vat-bebot, MV1) and 2 (vat-riyon, MV2) and their ameliorative effects on VCM-induced oxidative stress were evaluated in D. melanogaster. Flies were treated with vehicle (ethanol), Gallic Acid (0.1 mM), MV1 (100 mg/10 diet), MV2 (200 mg/10 diet), VCM (100 M), (VCM+Gallic Acid), (VCM+MV1) and (VCM+MV2) in the diets for 5 days. The results indicated that MV1 and MV2 reduced the lifespan of flies without affecting the survival of flies after 7 days of treatment. P. esculentus restored VCM-induced depletion of total thiol and inhibition of glutathione S-transferase, acetylcholinesterase, and catalase activities (p < 0.05). Our results demonstrated that short term consumption of P. esculentus is beneficial and that MV1 offered better ameliorative effects than MV2.

scholarly journals Effects of ibogaine per os treatment on redox homeostasis in rat kidney

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
Teodora Vidonja-Uzelac ◽  
Nikola Tatalovic ◽  
Milica Mijovic ◽  
Aleksandra Nikolic-Kokic ◽  
Zorana Orescanin-Dusic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Kidney Morphology ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Our previous results showed that a single oral dose (1 or 20 mg/kg body weight) of the anti-addiction agent ibogaine induced in rats 6 and 24 h after administration glycogenolytic activity in hepatocytes, followed by a mild oxidative stress. In this work, we examined the in vivo effect of the same doses of ibogaine on rat kidney morphology, antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutases (SOD1 and 2), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione- S-transferase) activities, and oxidative stress (TBARS) and redox (-SH groups) parameters. The dose of 1 mg/kg ibogaine induced an elevation in SOD1 activity and decreased GR activity after 6 and 24 h. GR activity was decreased at 6 and 24 h after 20 mg/kg ibogaine administration, suggesting changed redox homeostasis. After 24 h, we observed an increase in moderate morphological changes, without changes in urinalyses, indicating that kidney function was not measurably affected. Nevertheless, kidney-function monitoring during and following ibogaine use in human subjects is advisable.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Potential of Chlorogenic Acid on Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity in Drosophila Melanogaster Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin Adenike Adeyemo-Salami ◽  
Opeyemi Jamiu Afonja ◽  
Olamuyiwa Faosiyat Adeleke ◽  
Adeola Oluwatosin Adedara ◽  
Amos Olalekan Abolaji
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Acetyl Cholinesterase ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Ethanol Group ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Rate Of Emergence ◽  
Group B

Chlorogenic acid (CA), abundantly found in green coffee beans, is a phenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties amongst others. Exposure to rotenone, a natural pesticide, induces Parkinsonism (a type of neurodegeneration) through the induction of mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress. Phytochemicals with antioxidant properties may be promising in attenuating this condition. In this research, the ameliorative role of CA on rotenone-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster was evaluated. Drosophila melanogaster (Harwich strain, 1- 3 days old) was used. 6 groups of five vials each with 50 flies/vial were exposed to CA (0; control (2% ethanol), 7.5, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg/kg diet) for 28 days in the longevity analysis. A 28-day survival assay was carried out with rotenone (0, 250 and 500 μM). CA (30 mg/kg diet) was selected to evaluate its ameliorative potential on rotenone. For the study, the flies were divided into four groups of five vials each and exposed to CA and rotenone; Group A- control (2% ethanol), Group B- CA only, Group C- rotenone only and Group D- CA (30 mg/kg diet)+ rotenone (500 μM)for 7 days. Thereafter, the homogenate was evaluated for oxidative stress status, rate of emergence, negative geotaxis and acetyl cholinesterase activity. CA (30 mg/kg diet) extended the lifespan of flies by 21.4%. Also, CA ameliorated rotenone-induced perturbation in catalase, glutathione-S-transferase and acetyl cholinesterase activities, total thiol and glutathione levels, and behavioral deficit (p < 0.05). CA may have ameliorative effect against rotenone-induced toxicity and Parkinsonism.

scholarly journals D-Penicillamine prolongs survival and lessens copper-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-352
Author(s):  
Amos Olalekan Abolaji ◽  
Kehinde Damilare Fasae ◽  
Chizim Elizabeth Iwezor ◽  
Ebenezer Olatunde Farombi
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Amino Thiol ◽  
H2o2 Level

ABSTRACT D-penicillamine (DPA) is an amino-thiol that has been established as a copper chelating agent for the treatment of Wilson’s disease. DPA reacts with metals to form complexes and/or chelates. Here, we investigated the survival rate extension capacity and modulatory role of DPA on Cu2+-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Adult Wild type (Harwich strain) flies were exposed to Cu2+ (1 mM) and/or DPA (50 μM) in the diet for 7 days. Additionally, flies were exposed to acute Cu2+ (10 mM) for 24 h, followed by DPA (50 μM) treatment for 4 days. Thereafter, the antioxidant status [total thiol (T-SH) and glutathione (GSH) levels and glutathione S-transferase and catalase activities] as well as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level and acetylcholinesterase activity were evaluated. The results showed that DPA treatment prolongs the survival rate of D. melanogaster by protecting against Cu2+-induced lethality. Further, DPA restored Cu2+-induced depletion of T-SH level compared to the control (P &lt; 0.05). DPA also protected against Cu2+ (1 mM)-induced inhibition of catalase activity. In addition, DPA ameliorated Cu2+-induced elevation of acetylcholinesterase activity in the flies. The study may therefore have health implications in neurodegenerative diseases involving oxidative stress such as Alzheimer’s disease.

scholarly journals Outcome of prolonged pH exposure on oxidative stress indices and glucose levels in gills and muscles of juvenile koi (Cyprinus carpio)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-207
Author(s):  
Bela Zutshi ◽  
Aradhana Singh ◽  
Proteek Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Stress Indices ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of a 96-hour exposure period to pH grades on lipid peroxidation (LPO), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glucose activity in the muscles and gills of koi carp was investigated. Juveniles were exposed to pH grade from 4.0 to 10.0 for four days to observe variance in enzymatic activity. There was a strong correlation between oxidative stress and antioxidant defence activity as an evidential increase was noted in the CAT, GST, and GSH values. Glucose levels were elevated throughout the experimental conditions in both tissues. The fish exhibited a strong behavioral association with a gradual increase in pH grades. There were significant fluctuations in the pH grades with basicity having a greater impact than acidity on the tissues investigated.

scholarly journals Protective effects of coenzyme Q10 and resveratrol on oxidative stress induced by various dioxins on transheterozigot larvae of Drosophila melanogaster

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Altun Çolak ◽  
Handan Uysal
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Environmental Contaminants ◽  
Protective Effects

Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds are known as a class of highly toxic and persistent environmental contaminants threatening human and animal health.

scholarly journals Reproductive and Oxidative Stress Toxicity of Dolutegravir-Based Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in Drosophila melanogaster

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Walter Mdekera Iorjiim ◽  
Simeon Omale ◽  
Great David Bagu ◽  
Steven Samuel Gyang ◽  
Emmanuel Taiwo Alemika
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Total Thiol ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background/Objective: Dolutegravir-based highly active antiretroviral therapy (DTG-HAART) is the preferred regimen in the management of HIV/AIDS. However, the reproductive and oxidative stress toxicity of DTG-HAART is unknown.  This study was designed to investigate the reproductive and oxidative stress toxicity of DTG-HAART in Drosophila melanogaster. Materials and Methods: We performed all the experiments at the Centre of Excellence in phytomedicine Research and Development (ACEPRD), University of Jos, Nigeria, in 2019.  D. melanogaster, (1-4 days old), were fed with ten different concentrations of DTG-HAART (range 15 mg -595 mg) or 1000 mL distilled water per 10 g food for seven days to calculate the LD50, then treated with 93.11 mg, 46.56 mg, 23.28 mg, 11.64 mg or 1000 µL distilled water each per 10 g fly food for five days in five replicates. Subsequently, longevity, fly fecundity, and negative geotaxis evaluated. Also, activities of Acetylcholinesterase, Glutathione-S-transferase, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, as well as Total thiol, and Malondialdehyde levels were investigated in the whole fly homogenate. Statistical values at P<0.05 were considered significant. Results: The LD50 of DTG-HAART in D. melanogaster was 106.4 mg. The result showed significantly decrease (P<0.001) in mean lifespan, fly emergence, Total thiol content, Acetylcholinesterase, Glutathione-S-transferase, Catalase, and Superoxide dismutase activities in the exposed groups compared to the unexposed. Inversely, the Malondialdehyde level in the test groups was significantly (P<0.001) elevated compared to unexposed. Conclusion: Collectively, our results suggest that   DTG-HAART toxicity was associated with reproductive deficits and oxidative stress induction in D. melanogaster, here observed as reduced fly fecundity, mean lifespan, AChE activity, antioxidant parameters, and elevated MDA level. This study, thus, raised concerns for long term use of DTG-HAART by HIV patients.

Abstract MP248: Sequestrosome1/p62 Regulates Redox Homeostasis Via The Nrf2-keap1 Pathway In The Murine Heart

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir N Fatahian ◽  
Rajeshwary Ghosh ◽  
Karla M Pires ◽  
TARIQ MOSLEH ◽  
Vishaka Vinod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Adaptor Protein ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mouse Heart ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
H9c2 Myoblasts

Sequestosome1 (p62) is a multifunctional signaling molecule and an autophagy adaptor protein. Previous work demonstrated that mice with whole-body p62 knockout recapitulated many detrimental features of aging. Of note, these mice developed late onset obesity and systemic abnormalities that could have contributed to their aging phenotype. Multiple studies have also shown that cardiac dysfunction can be linked to an increase in oxidative stress. The Nrf2-Keap1 pathway is critical for protection against oxidative stress and p62 has been shown to interact with Keap1, thus allowing Nrf2 activation to induce anti-oxidant responses. However, the role of p62 in the heart is not well known. We tested the hypothesis that p62 plays an important homeostatic role in the heart through the regulation of redox homeostasis via the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway. Wild-type and cardiomyocytes-specific p62 knockout (cp62 KO) mice at 8 weeks and 60 weeks of age were used. At 8 weeks, cp62KO mice exhibited mild but significant contractile dysfunction compared to the wild-type controls. By 60 weeks, the KO mice developed cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and increased oxidative stress. cp62 KO hearts had decreased Nrf2 nuclear translocation and activation as evidenced by a 50% (p<0.005) reduction in the expression of the Nrf2 target glutathione S-transferase A4 ( Gsta2 ) gene. These findings were further validated by transcriptomic analysis followed by KEGG pathway analysis, which indicated that redox pathways were altered in the 60-week p62 null hearts. To examine the mechanisms involved in p62 regulation of Nrf2-Keap signaling, we utilized rat cardiac H9c2 myoblasts. Loss of p62 using p62 siRNA in H9c2 cells resulted in decreased Nrf2 levels and increased oxidative stress. These pathological consequences of suppressing p62 could be attributed to increased Nrf2 degradation via the proteasome. Together, these results reveal a previously uncharacterized role for p62 in the maintenance of cardiac redox signaling in the mouse heart.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document