Ameliorative Potential of Chlorogenic Acid on Rotenone-Induced Neurotoxicity in Drosophila Melanogaster Model

Chlorogenic acid (CA), abundantly found in green coffee beans, is a phenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties amongst others. Exposure to rotenone, a natural pesticide, induces Parkinsonism (a type of neurodegeneration) through the induction of mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress. Phytochemicals with antioxidant properties may be promising in attenuating this condition. In this research, the ameliorative role of CA on rotenone-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster was evaluated. Drosophila melanogaster (Harwich strain, 1- 3 days old) was used. 6 groups of five vials each with 50 flies/vial were exposed to CA (0; control (2% ethanol), 7.5, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg/kg diet) for 28 days in the longevity analysis. A 28-day survival assay was carried out with rotenone (0, 250 and 500 μM). CA (30 mg/kg diet) was selected to evaluate its ameliorative potential on rotenone. For the study, the flies were divided into four groups of five vials each and exposed to CA and rotenone; Group A- control (2% ethanol), Group B- CA only, Group C- rotenone only and Group D- CA (30 mg/kg diet)+ rotenone (500 μM)for 7 days. Thereafter, the homogenate was evaluated for oxidative stress status, rate of emergence, negative geotaxis and acetyl cholinesterase activity. CA (30 mg/kg diet) extended the lifespan of flies by 21.4%. Also, CA ameliorated rotenone-induced perturbation in catalase, glutathione-S-transferase and acetyl cholinesterase activities, total thiol and glutathione levels, and behavioral deficit (p < 0.05). CA may have ameliorative effect against rotenone-induced toxicity and Parkinsonism.

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Comparison of ameliorative effects of Taraxacum syriacum and N-acetylcysteine against acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in rat liver and kidney

The Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1093/jb/mvaa107 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Reza Eshrati ◽

Mahvash Jafari ◽

Saeed Gudarzi ◽

Afshen Nazari ◽

Esmaeil Samizadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Standard Drug ◽

Ameliorative Effect ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Serum Biochemical

Abstract Taraxacum syriacum (TS) with natural antioxidant and pharmacological activities may be considered for treatment of oxidative stress induced by acetaminophen (APAP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of the ethanol extract of TS root against hepatorenal toxicity induced by APAP in comparison to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as a standard drug. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Control group; APAP (1 g/kg) group; APAP–NAC (160 mg/kg) group and APAP-TS100 and APAP-TS200 groups: APAP plus 100 and 200 mg/kg of TS extract, respectively. After 7 days treatment, serum and liver and kidney tissues were prepared and evaluated. TS extract ameliorated the increased lipid peroxidation level and decreased antioxidant enzymes activities and glutathione level in liver and kidney of APAP-treated rats. Moreover, treatment with the TS extract caused significant reduction in the histopathological damages and high levels of serum biochemical markers of hepatic and renal functions after APAP treatment. This study suggests that the extract of TS roots has dose-dependent ameliorative effect against APAP-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney due to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. The overall efficacy of the extract at 200 mg/kg dose is comparable with NAC.

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Ameliorative Effect of Saffron Aqueous Extract on Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Oxidative Stress on Diabetic Encephalopathy in Streptozotocin Induced Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/920857 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Saeed Samarghandian ◽

Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad ◽

Fariborz Samini

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Serum Proteins ◽

Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Diabetic Encephalopathy ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Ameliorative Effect ◽

Saffron Extract

Diabetic encephalopathy is one of the severe complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. Findings indicate that saffron extract has antioxidant properties but its underlying beneficial effects on diabetic encephalopathy were unclear. In the present study, the protective activities of saffron were evaluated in diabetic encephalopathy. Saffron at 40 and 80 mg/kg significantly increased body weight and serum TNF-αand decreased blood glucose levels, glycosylated serum proteins, and serum advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) levels. Furthermore, significant increase in HDL and decrease (P<0.05) in cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL were observed after 28 days of treatment. At the end of experiments, the hippocampus tissue was used for determination of glutathione content (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities. Furthermore, saffron significantly increased GSH, SOD, and CAT but remarkably decreased cognitive deficit, serum TNF-α, and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity in hippocampus tissue. Our findings indicated that saffron extract may reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia risk and also reduce the oxidative stress in diabetic encephalopathy rats. This study suggested that saffron extract might be a promising candidate for the improvement of chemically induced diabetes and its complications.

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Sulphoraphane Supplementation Ameliorates Behavioural Impairments and Hippocampal Neurodegeneration Induced by Lead Exposure in Adult Wistar Rats

NIgerian Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.47081/njn2020.11.2/005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 88-98

Author(s):

Babatunde Ogunlade ◽

◽

Olasumbo Afolayan ◽

Sunday Adelakun ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Pb Exposure ◽

Group B ◽

Behavioural Tests

Lead (Pb) exposure induces oxidative stress causing imbalance in antioxidant enzymes, cognitive impairments and neurodegeneration. This study investigated the neuroprotective and antioxidant properties of sulphoraphane (SFN) on Pb-induced neurotoxicity of adult Wistar rats. Forty animals (150 ± 20 g) were divided into four groups (n=10): Group A received normal saline as placebo; Group B received 50 mg/kg body weight (bw) of Lead only; Group C received a combination of 50 mg/kg bw of Lead and 50 mg/kg bw of SFN; Group D received 50 mg/kg bw of SFN only. All administration was through oral gavages for 28 days; animals underwent behavioural tests (Morris water and Y- mazes); and thereafter sacrificed and brains extracted. Biochemical estimations of antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, and catalase), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and hydrogen peroxide), neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine) and hippocampal histology were done. The results showed significant increase in escape latency, norepinephrine and oxidative stress markers with concomitant decrease percentage correct alternation, serotonin, dopamine and antioxidant enzymes in Pb exposed rats compared with the control. However, the co-administration of SFN and Pb significantly attenuated Pb neurotoxicity. Sulphoraphane is capable of ameliorating oxidative stress induced neurobehavioural deficits and hippocampal neurochemistry caused by Pb exposure in Alzheimer’s type animal model of neurodegenerative disorder.

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Carcinogen sodium arsenite disrupts antioxidant and redox homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Aghogho Oyibo ◽

Amos O. Abolaji ◽

Oyeronke A. Odunola

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Sodium Arsenite ◽

Environmental Contaminants ◽

Redox Homeostasis ◽

Exposure Period ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Emergence Rate ◽

Antioxidant Markers

Abstract Objectives The inadvertent exposure to environmental contaminants has been reported to induce cancer in different animal models. Here, we investigated the toxicity of Sodium Arsenite (SA), a Class I Carcinogen in Drosophila melanogaster. Methods Harwich fly strain (1–3 days old) of both sexes were orally exposed to SA (0, 0.0312, 0.0625 and 0.125 mM) for 14 days for survival study. Thereafter, 5 days exposure period was selected to assess the toxic effects of SA on oxidative stress and antioxidant markers. Results The results indicated that SA induced significant reduction in survival and emergence rate of flies. Furthermore, SA significantly increased Nitric Oxide (NO, nitrite and nitrate) and Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) levels in flies compared with control (p<0.05). In addition, SA inhibited catalase and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities, and depleted total thiol and glutathione (GSH) contents. Moreover, acetylcholinesterase activity significantly increased in flies treated with SA when compared with control. Conclusions Sodium arsenite-induced reduction in survival and emergence rates of flies occurred via the disruption of oxidative stress-antioxidant homeostasis in D. melanogaster.

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Ameliorative Role of Plectranthus esculentus on 4-Vinylcyclohexene Monoepoxide-Induced Oxidative Stress in Drosophila melanogaster

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac112.94329442 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 9432-9442

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Toxic Metabolite ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Short Term ◽

Total Thiol ◽

Relieve Pain ◽

Digestive Disorders

Plectranthus esculentus is a plant used to relieve pain and digestive disorders. 4-Vinylcyclohexene 1,2-monoepoxide (VCM) is a toxic metabolite of 4-vinylcyclohexene. The lifespan effects of leaf varieties of P. esculentus fractions (vat-bebot, MV1) and 2 (vat-riyon, MV2) and their ameliorative effects on VCM-induced oxidative stress were evaluated in D. melanogaster. Flies were treated with vehicle (ethanol), Gallic Acid (0.1 mM), MV1 (100 mg/10 diet), MV2 (200 mg/10 diet), VCM (100 M), (VCM+Gallic Acid), (VCM+MV1) and (VCM+MV2) in the diets for 5 days. The results indicated that MV1 and MV2 reduced the lifespan of flies without affecting the survival of flies after 7 days of treatment. P. esculentus restored VCM-induced depletion of total thiol and inhibition of glutathione S-transferase, acetylcholinesterase, and catalase activities (p < 0.05). Our results demonstrated that short term consumption of P. esculentus is beneficial and that MV1 offered better ameliorative effects than MV2.

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Caffeic acid: a brief overview of its presence, metabolism, and bioactivity

Bioactive Compounds in Health and Disease ◽

10.31989/bchd.v3i4.692 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 74 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Birková

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Acid Ester ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Quinic Acid ◽

Bioactive Compound ◽

Common Phenomenon ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Naturally Occurring

Caffeic acid is a bioactive compound found in a variety of plants including vegetables, fruits, herbs, and drinks. It belongs to the huge group of chemicals called polyphenols and is a major representative of the polyphenol subgroup of hydroxycinnamic acids. In foods, caffeic acid occurs mostly as a quinic acid ester called chlorogenic acid. Caffeic acid, like other polyphenols, is believed to exhibit many health benefits associated with their antioxidant properties, including the prevention of inflammation, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes. Nowadays, the use of naturally occurring bioactive substances, including caffeic acid, is becoming a very common phenomenon. Thus, information about their functions and properties is very important.Keywords: caffeic acid, polyphenols, bioactive compound, oxidative stress

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Impact of Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel (Rutaceae) extracts on lifespan and oxidative stress markers in Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830 (Diptera)

Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.21472/bjbs(2020)071506 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (15) ◽

pp. 59-67

Author(s):

Dinesh Kumar ◽

Sunita Sunita ◽

Veer Bhan

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Enzyme System ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Murraya Koenigii ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme System

The free radicals (ROS and RNS) damage to proteins, DNA, lipids of the cell. These free radicals creates the imbalance in physiological functions and acts as a prevalent cause of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, aging, oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome by dysfunction of antioxidant enzyme system of cell. Using the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, 1830 (Diptera) as a model we examined the antioxidant properties of Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel (Rutaceae) on the life history parameters. We demonstrate a novel physiological interaction between free radicals, oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme system by using extracts of M. koenigii in standard diet of the fly. This study describes how this interaction impacts a very early cellular defect associated with ageing and ageing associate diseases. We also describe progressive deficits in flies expressing the superoxide dismutase gene, catalase and lipid peroxidation. Collectively, our work demonstrates that Drosophila can be used to study the cellular, physiological and behavioral basis of human ageing related diseases.

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Infusion ofHibiscus sabdariffa L.Modulates Oxidative Stress in Patients with Marfan Syndrome

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2016/8625203 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

María Elena Soto ◽

Alejandra Zuñiga-Muñoz ◽

Verónica Guarner Lans ◽

Erendira Janet Duran-Hernández ◽

Israel Pérez-Torres

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Marfan Syndrome ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Aortic Dilatation ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Before And After ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Acute Dissection

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is associated with progressive aortic dilatation, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress that contribute to the early acute dissection of the vessel and can end up in rupture of the aorta and sudden death. Many studies have described that the organic acids fromHibiscus sabdariffaLinne (HSL) calyces increase cellular antioxidant capacity and decrease oxidative stress. Here we evaluate if the antioxidant properties of HSL infusion improve oxidative stress in MFS patients. Activities of extra cellular super oxide dismutase (ECSOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R), glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO) index, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and ascorbic acid were determined in plasma from MFS patients. Values before and after 3 months of the treatment with 2% HSL infusion were compared in control and MFS subjects. After treatment, there was a significant decrease in ECSOD (p=0.03), EGPx (p=0.04), GST (p=0.03), GSH (p=0.01), and TAC and ascorbic acid (p=0.02) but GSSG-R activity (p=0.04) and LPO (p=0.02) were increased in MFS patients in comparison to patients receiving the HSL treatment and C subjects. Therefore, the infusion of HSL calyces has antioxidant properties that allow an increase in antioxidant capacity of both the enzymatic and nonenzymatic systems, in the plasma of the MSF patients.

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Morin attenuates dutasteride/tamsulosin-induced hepatic oxidative stress in rat

Ife Journal of Science ◽

10.4314/ijs.v22i1.16 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 165-175

Author(s):

E.T. Olayinka ◽

K.E. Adewole

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Body Weight ◽

Treated Group ◽

Male Rats ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Combination Drug ◽

Prostate Enlargement ◽

Plasma Bilirubin ◽

Antioxidant Parameters ◽

Group B

Dutasteride-Tamsulosin (DUT-TAM) is a combination drug for the treatment of symptoms of prostate enlargement (benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH). Despite the efficacy, it is associated with some side effects, including hepatotoxicity. Therefore, this study investigated the attenuative effects of morin on DUT-TAMinduced organ toxicity. Twenty four male rats were divided into 4 groups (A-D) consisting of 6 animals each. Group A animals (control) were given olive oil, Group B animals were administered with DUT-TAM (5.4 mg/kg body weight of dutasteride + 3.4 mg/kg body weight of tamsulosin), Group C were given morin (100 mg/kg body weight) while group D animals were administered DUT-TAM and morin (5.4 mg/kg body weight dutasteride + 3.4 mg/kg body weight of Tamsulosin and 100 mg/kg body weight of morin). All the administrations were carried out orally for 14 days. DUT-TAM caused a significant increase in plasma bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) by 62%, 45% and 18% in the DUT-TAM treated group respectively, compared with the control (P˂0.05). However, treatment with morin significantly decreased the DUT-TAM-induced increase in plasma bilirubin concentration as well as AST and ALT activities. Furthermore, DUT-TAM administration decreased the activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), as well as hepatic concentration of ascorbic acid and reduced glutathione (GSH) by 58%, 54%, 59%, 46% and 63% respectively, but increased malondialdehyde (MDA) level by 49% relative to the control (P˂0.05). However, treatment with morin significantly ameliorated the observed changes in these antioxidant parameters (P˂0.05). These data suggest that morin protects against hepatic toxicity, as well as oxidative stress induced by dutasteride-tamsulosin in rats. Keywords: Dutasteride, Tamsulosin, Prostate enlargement, Oxidative stress, Liver

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Nutraceutical Strategy to Counteract Eye Neurodegeneration and Oxidative Stress in Drosophila melanogaster Fed with High-Sugar Diet

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10081197 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1197

Author(s):

Elisabetta Catalani ◽

Giuseppina Fanelli ◽

Federica Silvestri ◽

Agnese Cherubini ◽

Simona Del Quondam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Retinal Cell ◽

Food Supplementation ◽

In Vivo Model ◽

Retinal Neurons ◽

High Sucrose

Aberrant production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a common feature of damaged retinal neurons in diabetic retinopathy, and antioxidants may exert both preventive and therapeutic action. To evaluate the beneficial and antioxidant properties of food supplementation with Lisosan G, a powder of bran and germ of grain (Triticum aestivum) obtained by fermentation with selected lactobacillus and natural yeast strains, we used an in vivo model of hyperglycemia-induced retinal damage, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster fed with high-sucrose diet. Lisosan G positively affected the visual system of hyperglycemic flies at structural/functional level, decreased apoptosis, and reactivated protective autophagy at the retina internal network. Also, in high sucrose-fed Drosophila, Lisosan G reduced the levels of brain ROS and retina peroxynitrite. The analysis of oxidative stress-related metabolites suggested 7,8-dihydrofolate, uric acid, dihydroorotate, γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine, allantoin, cysteinyl-glycine, and quinolate as key mediators of Lisosan G-induced inhibition of neuronal ROS, along with the upregulation of glutathione system. Of note, Lisosan G may impact oxidative stress and the ensuing retinal cell death, also independently from autophagy, although the autophagy-ROS cross-talk is critical. This study demonstrated that the continuous supplementation with the alimentary integrator Lisosan G exerts a robust and multifaceted antioxidant effect on retinal neurons, thus providing efficacious neuroprotection of hyperglycemic eye.

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