Medicinal importance of Papra (Podophyllum hexandrum Royle) in Unani System of Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Afsahul Kalam ◽  
Akhtar H. Malik ◽  
Aijaz Hassan Ganie ◽  
Tariq Ahmad Butt
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Podophyllum Hexandrum ◽  
Kashmir Himalaya ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Lymph Glands ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Great Scholar ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽  
Sinopodophyllum Hexandrum ◽  
First Time

Abstract Podophyllum hexandrum Royle [=Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T.S. Ying] is an important, endemic medicinal plant species of Himalaya. It is used in Unani System of Medicine under the name of ‘Papra’. The drug was not mentioned in previous literatures, but the first time it introduced in Unani Medicine by a great scholar Hakim Najmul Ghani. He has mentioned its uses and benefits in his classical book Khazainul Advia. In Unani Medicine the plant species has been used to treat various ailments like constipation, fever, jaundice, liver disorders, syphilis, diseases of lymph glands etc. In Kashmir Himalaya it is used to treat various diseases by local medicinemen, but now it is listed in rare drugs. Various pharmacological studies have been done such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, radio-protective etc., recently it has also been reported that podophyllotoxin or podophyllin can be used to treat some forms of cancers also.

scholarly journals Synthesis of (−)−deoxypodophyllotoxin and (−)−epipodophyllotoxin via a multi-enzyme cascade in E. coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Decembrino ◽  
Alessandra Raffaele ◽  
Ronja Knöfel ◽  
Marco Girhard ◽  
Vlada B. Urlacher
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
E Coli ◽  
P450 Monooxygenases ◽  
Enzyme Cascade ◽  
Sinopodophyllum Hexandrum ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background The aryltetralin lignan (−)−podophyllotoxin is a potent antiviral and anti-neoplastic compound that is mainly found in Podophyllum plant species. Over the years, the commercial demand for this compound rose notably because of the high clinical importance of its semi-synthetic chemotherapeutic derivatives etoposide and teniposide. To satisfy this demand, (−)−podophyllotoxin is conventionally isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, which can only grow in few regions and is now endangered by overexploitation and environmental damage. For these reasons, targeting the biosynthesis of (−)−podophyllotoxin precursors or analogues is fundamental for the development of novel, more sustainable supply routes. Results We recently established a four-step multi-enzyme cascade to convert (+)−pinoresinol into (−)−matairesinol in E. coli. Herein, a five-step multi-enzyme biotransformation of (−)−matairesinol to (−)−deoxypodophyllotoxin was proven effective with 98 % yield at a concentration of 78 mg/L. Furthermore, the extension of this cascade to a sixth step leading to (−)−epipodophyllotoxin was evaluated. To this end, seven enzymes were combined in the reconstituted pathway involving inter alia three plant cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, with two of them being functionally expressed in E. coli for the first time. Conclusions Both, (−)−deoxypodophyllotoxin and (−)−epipodophyllotoxin, are direct precursors to etoposide and teniposide. Thus, the reconstitution of biosynthetic reactions of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum as an effective multi-enzyme cascade in E. coli represents a solid step forward towards a more sustainable production of these essential pharmaceuticals.

Comparative study of Ethnomedicinal uses for the Treatment of Cold, Cough and Fever in Odisha, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-219
Author(s):  
Harish Singh ◽  
◽  
P.A. Dhole ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Indian Literature ◽  
Alphabetical Order ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Plants ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses ◽  
First Time

The present paper deals with 112 ethnomedicinal plants used for the treatment of cold cough and fever by major tribal groups and many non-tribal communities of Odisha. These ethnomedicinal uses were compared and cross-checked with the data mentioned in well-known standard Indian ethnomedicinal as well as medicinal literatures and found that most of the medicinal uses of the referred 83 plants have been reported earlier also. 29 plants are being reported here for the first time for the treatment of these diseases. These plant species are arranged in alphabetical order followed by family in bracket, local name(s) along with ethnomedicinal uses and cross check report with well recognized standard Indian literature.

scholarly journals Recovery of Globba wengeri (C.E.C. Fisch.) K.J. Williams, critically endangered plant species from Serchhip District in Mizoram, Northeast India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-181
Author(s):  
Lalnun Mawia ◽  
Vanlalhruaii Ralte ◽  
H. Lalruatsanga ◽  
Zothan Mawia ◽  
P.C. Vanlalhluna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Endangered Plant Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

Globba wengeri (C.E.C. Fisch.) K.J. Williams, former state flower of Mizoram, a rare and critically endangered plant species, commonly known as ‘dancing girl’, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, is reported in this communication for the first time from Serchhip District in Mizoram at an elevation of about 1187 m a.s.l. It was found on moist, watery and rocky slopes. The plant is under severe threat in the natural habitat and therefore, further studies are required to determine life history and particular survival threats of this species.

scholarly journals Notes on protected and threatened plants in Castilla y León (North-West Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-220
Author(s):  
Fermín Del Egido ◽  
Patricio Bariego ◽  
Alberto Rodríguez ◽  
María Santos Vicente
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Threatened Plants ◽  
North West ◽  
Castilla Y Leon ◽  
Vascular Plant Species ◽  
New Findings ◽  
First Time

We provide new records and notes on 25 protected and/or threatened vascular plant species in Castilla y León. Some of them illustrate not only new findings but also an interesting expansion of their geographic range. Eight taxa are reported for the first time in some provinces, while eleven of them were two or three times previously reported.

scholarly journals Xerodrymionorientale mediterraneum gorges of the Karatag river

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00022
Author(s):  
Sayfiddin Khairiddin Davlatov ◽  
Rakhmatullo Boboevich Sattorov ◽  
Jamoliddin Murotalievich Bobokalonov
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Pistacia Vera ◽  
Wild Fruit ◽  
Middle Mountains ◽  
First Time

The Karatag gorge is one of the natural areas where valuable genetic resources (wild, fruit and many valuable species) are preserved. A characteristic feature of the region is the richness of the diversity of flora and vegetation, where the main formations of Tajik vegetation are noted (maple, hazel, almond, frame, juniper). The article summarizes the results of the authors’ field research on the study of the state of xerophilic forests in the Karatag gorge. For the first time, the authors cite original materials on the phytocenology of all formations of this type of composition. According to the results of our research, the Shibleak communities in the study area are distributed in high-altitude belts from low-hilly 600–800 m to middle mountains 800–1800, 2000 m. The main formations of this type in the study area are: Acer regelii, Crataegus pontica, Celtis caucasic, Pistacia vera, Amygdalis bucharica, Ampelopsis vitifolia, Atraphaxis pyrifolia. As a result of the study, 340 plant species, 6 formations and more than 25 vegetation associations were identified in the composition of the flora of this type of the study area.

scholarly journals Noccaea perfoliata or Microthlaspi perfoliatum (Brassicaceae), new to the flora of Texas, U.S.A.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
Amanda K. Neill ◽  
Sam R. Kieschnick
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species ◽  
First Time

The non-native plant species contentiously known as either Noccaea perfoliata or Microthlaspi perfoliatum is reported in Texas for the first time, with iNaturalist observations from Collin, Dallas, and Grayson counties.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE COMPOSITION OF ALCOHOL EXTRACTS ARTEMISIA ABSINTHIUM L., ARTEMI-SIA ARMENIACA LAM. AND ARTEMISIA LATIFOLIA LEDEB.

2019 ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Станислав (Stanislav) Геннадьевич (Gennal'evich) Ржевский (Rzhevsky) ◽  
Михаил (Mikhail) Андреевич (Andreevich) Потапов (Potapov) ◽  
Хидмет (Hidmet) Сафарович (Safarovich) Шихалиев (Shikhaliyev)
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Phenolic Derivatives ◽  
First Time ◽  
Chromatographic Mass

This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of the component composition of alcohol extracts Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia armeniaca, and Artemisia latifolia, performed by chromatographic mass spectrometry. The components relating to different classes of compounds (including alcohols, esters, phenolic derivatives) have been identified, their relative quantitative content has been established. In the extract of A. absinthium, 14 compounds were identified, in the extract of A. armeniaca – 16 components, in A. latifolia – 11 different compounds The data obtained for the first time on the analysis of the extract of systematically related species of wormwood, Artemisia armeniaca and Artemisia latifolia, indicate that their composition differs significantly, with coincidences only for some components: phytol and hydroquinone are present in all three species studied, while the 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, ortho-dihydroxybenzene and linoleic acid ethyl ester are characteristic only of Artemisia armeniaca and Artemisia latifolia. Among the present compounds identified components having biological activity, including α-d-metilmannofuranozid, exerting an antibacterial effect and biphenyl, thujone, phytol, hydroquinone and some other substances, which is of interest for further pharmacological studies of these species.

scholarly journals New locations of rare and protected plant species of the aquatic ecosystems of Minsk Region and National park “Belovezhskaya Pushcha”

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-446
Author(s):  
K. L. Savitskaya ◽  
М. A. Dzhus
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
New Information ◽  
New Locations ◽  
Salvinia Natans ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Data Deficient ◽  
First Time ◽  
Berula Erecta

There is a review of floral studies of the water bodies in Minsk Region and National Park “Belovezhskaya Pushcha”. 75 new locations of 20 rare aquatic and riverside plant species coming at the water and 1 hybrid were found. 7 of these species are listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Belarus, 5 species are included into the category of Least Concern and Data Deficient. Potamogeton berchtoldii Fieber, Utricularia minor L., Potamogeton acutifolius Link, P. nodosus Poir., Salvinia natans (L.) All. are reported for the first time from National Park «Belovezhskaya Pushcha». The spreading of Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville on the territory of National Park is considered in detail. New locations of Nuphar pumila (Timm) DC., Ranunculus kauffmannii Clerc., Najas major All., Berula erecta, Glyceria lithuanica (Gorski) Gorski, Conioselinum tatari­ cum Hoffm. in Minsk Region, which were not included in 4th edition of the Red Book, have been described. A brief description of habitat environmental conditions is given for the revealed species of aquatic plants, and their phytocoenotic confinement is also pointed out. New information on the locations of protected aquatic plant species should be used to monitor their populations and prepare the documents of protection.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal plants used for the treatment of dermatological affections on the Purépecha Plateau, Michoacán, Mexico

2018 ◽  
pp. 95-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Esquivel-García ◽  
Emmanuel Pérez-Calix ◽  
Alejandra Ochoa-Zarzosa ◽  
Martha Estrella García-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Ancestral Knowledge ◽  
New Information ◽  
Use Values ◽  
First Time

Background and Aims: Inhabitants of the Purépecha Plateau preserve an excellent ancestral knowledge on medicinal plants used for dermatological affections, which has not been documented. An ethnopharmacological survey was carried out in this region to gather information on the use of medicinal plants and herbal preparations for treating dermatological affections, to disseminate the Purépecha indigenous knowledge and identifying promising plants for developing new formulations for cutaneous conditions.Methods: The study was conducted in the 21 municipalities that compose the Purépecha Plateau. A total of 86 local inhabitants (62 women and 24 men) were interviewed. The data were quantitatively analyzed through the determination of the use value, fidelity level and informant consensus factor.Key results: A total of 97 plant species belonging to 47 families were documented for treating 19 dermatological conditions on the Purépecha Plateau. Asteraceae was the leading family among the collected medicinal plants (20.61%), followed by Lamiaceae (13.40%) and Solanaceae (5.15%). The largest number of plants was used for the treatment of cuts (40.20%), skin inflammation (37.11%) and rash (37.11%). The aerial parts were the most commonly used (34.75%). The medicinal plant species with larger use values were Heterotheca inuloides (0.53), Aloe vera (0.37) and Oenothera rosea (0.21). The comparison of results with ethnomedicinal literature worldwide revealed that 8.25% of plants used on the Purépecha Plateau were recorded for the first time for the treatment of dermatological affections.Conclusions: This study provides new information on medicinal plants used on the Purépecha Plateau to treat cutaneous diseases. Future pharmacological and toxicological investigations are required to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of these species for treating dermatological affections.

Gāndhārī and the other Indo-Aryan languages in the light of newly-discovered Kharoṣṭhī manuscripts

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Salomon
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Great Scholar ◽  
First Time

This chapter focuses on a language whose very name was first proposed by the great scholar whose career is celebrated in this volume. For it was Harold Bailey's 1946 article whose title ‘Gāndhārī’ introduced that name for the first time. The discussion covers the varieties of literary Gāndhārī, the historical development of Gāndhārī as a literary language, the character of literary Gāndhārī, and Gāndhārī and the modern language of the northwest.

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