scholarly journals Xerodrymionorientale mediterraneum gorges of the Karatag river

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00022
Author(s):  
Sayfiddin Khairiddin Davlatov ◽  
Rakhmatullo Boboevich Sattorov ◽  
Jamoliddin Murotalievich Bobokalonov
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Pistacia Vera ◽  
Wild Fruit ◽  
Middle Mountains ◽  
First Time

The Karatag gorge is one of the natural areas where valuable genetic resources (wild, fruit and many valuable species) are preserved. A characteristic feature of the region is the richness of the diversity of flora and vegetation, where the main formations of Tajik vegetation are noted (maple, hazel, almond, frame, juniper). The article summarizes the results of the authors’ field research on the study of the state of xerophilic forests in the Karatag gorge. For the first time, the authors cite original materials on the phytocenology of all formations of this type of composition. According to the results of our research, the Shibleak communities in the study area are distributed in high-altitude belts from low-hilly 600–800 m to middle mountains 800–1800, 2000 m. The main formations of this type in the study area are: Acer regelii, Crataegus pontica, Celtis caucasic, Pistacia vera, Amygdalis bucharica, Ampelopsis vitifolia, Atraphaxis pyrifolia. As a result of the study, 340 plant species, 6 formations and more than 25 vegetation associations were identified in the composition of the flora of this type of the study area.

scholarly journals Galhas entomógenas em três fragmentos de Mata Atlântica no extremo Sul Catarinense, Brasil

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. ec02017
Author(s):  
Ismael C. Flor
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
The State ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Mata Atlântica ◽  
The Family ◽  
Insect Gall ◽  
Mata Atlantica ◽  
First Time

Fifteen insect gall morphotypes were found on 11 plant species (8 families) in three fragments of the Dense Ombrophylous Lowland Forest, in the municipalities of Maracajá, Içara and Araranguá, Santa Catarina. Most of the galls occurred in leaves, followed by stems galls and a single gall morphotype in Leandra sp. (Melatomastaceae), occurred in both leaves and stems. Glabrous and isolated galls were more frequent than hairy and gregarious galls. Lauraceae was the family of plant with greater wealth of galls. It was pointed out the first record of the plant Microstachys serrulata (Euphorbiaceae) for the state of Santa Catarina. Galls found in Ilex theezans (Aquifoliaceae), Microstachys serrulata (Euphorbiaceae), Dahlstedtia muehlbergiana (Fabaceae), Nectandra oppositifolia (Lauraceae), Leandra sp. (Melastomataceae), Miconia sellowiana (Melastomataceae), Myrcia multiflora (Myrtaceae) and Urera nitida (Urticaceae) were recorded for the first time in the State of Santa Catarina.

scholarly journals New records of social wasps in the state of Paraíba, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1600
Author(s):  
Thiago Elisei ◽  
Fabio Albuquerque ◽  
Sergio Andena ◽  
Celso Martins
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Social Wasps ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Ecological Group ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
Semi Arid

The state of Paraíba is included in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil, called Caatinga, and this region is characterized by low and irregular rainfall, with xerophilous vegetation. Social wasps are an important ecological group, which has been utilized for biological control and as bioindicators of environmental quality. Few studies about the diversity of social wasps were accomplished in the Caatinga and there is no survey of social wasps in the state of Paraiba. This study used data collected from city of Sumé, through field research and analysis of previously deposited material from surveys realized by Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research (EMBRAPA). Two species of social wasps, Polistes simillimus and Mischocyttarus cearensis, were recorded for the first time in state of Paraiba.

Land in Spanish Enterprise: Colonial Morelos 1522-1547

1971 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-251
Author(s):  
G. Micheal Riley
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
The State ◽  
Volcanic Soils ◽  
First Time ◽  
Semi Arid

THE state of Morelos in today's México comprised two rich and important provinces within the Aztec Confederacy when Spanish forces penetrated it for the first time in March of 1521. In that year of conflict, the Tlahuica and Xochimilca peoples who dominated the numerous settlements and fertile, well-watered, volcanic soils of its mountain-surrounded valleys were producing large quantities of valued agrarian and other goods. For generations, dating back 8,000 or more years, they and their predecessors had done so. The laborers among them—the commoners or macehuales, the serf-like, soil-bound mayeques, and the slaves—used valleys in the high-altitude, temperate to semitropical and semi-arid north and in the less-elevated, tropically hot and humid south to grow maize, beans, chile, tomatoes, peppers, squashes, some fruits, chía (a species of sage), huautli (amaranth), cotton and, perhaps, cacao.

scholarly journals Extended distribution record of two bellflower species of Codonopsis (Campanulaceae) from the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 14228-14231
Author(s):  
Khilendra Singh Kanwal ◽  
Umeshkumar Lalchand Tiwari ◽  
Lod Yama ◽  
Mahendra Singh Lodhi
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
The State ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Wetland Complex ◽  
First Time ◽  
Distribution Record

Codonopsis foetens Hook.f. and C. thalictrifolia Wall., two high altitude plants occurring at an elevation of 3300–4800 m, are recorded from Arunachal Pradesh State in India for the first time.  These species were collected from Nagula Wetland complex of Tawang District of the state.  Detailed description, occurrence, distribution, flowering and fruiting season, and picture pale  of the species are provided in this paper for their easy identification in the field.

Marshland vegetation of the class Phagmito-Magnocaricetea in Croatia

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvjezdana Stančić
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Vascular Flora ◽  
Diagnostic Species ◽  
Adriatic Coast ◽  
First Time ◽  
Synoptic Table

AbstractThe marshland vegetation of the class Phragmito-Magnocaricetea in Croatia is presented in a single place for the first time. All the available relevés from the literature have been assembled and supplemented with the results of field research. Thirty-three communities have been established, shown in a synoptic table drawn up on the basis of 486 relevés. The communities are understood according to the traditional syntaxonomic system based on the dominant or diagnostic species. For the purposes of comparison, the marshland vegetation is classified using numerical methods as well. The results obtained show that most clusters correspond to specific associations, but do not confirm the division into vegetation alliances and orders. The marshland communities with the most relevés in the dataset, and that therefore can be considered the most widespread in Croatia, are: Phragmitetum australis, Caricetum gracilis, and Galio palustris-Caricetum ripariae. The marshland vegetation is also analysed from the standpoint of nature conservation. In the dataset studied, 59 taxa from the Red Book of Vascular Flora of Croatia are identified as threatened, the 15 most endangered marshland communities are separated, and 10 neophytes and one neophyte association are registered. The diversity of marshland vegetation, and of the associated plant species, is considerably higher in inland Croatia than along the Adriatic coast, which is probably a result of the geological bedrock, climate and, in some places, halophile conditions.

Politični položaj na Slovenskem leta 1919

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2020) (2) ◽  
pp. 359-394
Author(s):  
Jurij Perovšek
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Liberal Party ◽  
New Era ◽  
Party Organisation ◽  
Western Border ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
First Time ◽  
Similar Development

For Slovenes in the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes the year 1919 represented the final step to a new political beginning. With the end of the united all-Slovene liberal party organisation and the formation of separate liberal parties, the political party life faced a new era. Similar development was showing also in the Marxist camp. The Catholic camp was united. For the first time, Slovenes from all political camps took part in the state government politics and parliament work. They faced the diminishing of the independence, which was gained in the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, and the mutual fight for its preservation or abolition. This was the beginning of national-political separations in the later Yugoslav state. The year 1919 was characterized also by the establishment of the Slovene university and early occurrences of social discontent. A declaration about the new historical phenomenon – Bolshevism, had to be made. While the region of Prekmurje was integrated to the new state, the questions of the Western border and the situation with Carinthia were not resolved. For the Slovene history, the year 1919 presents a multi-transitional year.

Metodologi Pengeluaran Fatwa di Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Johor

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-88
Author(s):  
Mohd Faez Mohd Shah ◽  
Norhidayah Pauzi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Original Source ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
The Right

In the discipline of Islamic law research, strong proofing and clear Istinbat method are key pillars in the construction of Islamic law based on the application of the science of usul al-fiqh and maqasid al-shari'ah. However, what happens at the state of Johor’s fatwa institution is the opposite. The fatwa research methods applied by the Fatwa Committee of Johor in resolving current fatwa issues is not based on the right and true discipline of Islamic law research. In fact, current inputs related to fatwa issues are not explicitly stated in the method of determining the law either in the form of reality or scientifically verified. Therefore, this paper will discuss the fatwa procedures undertaken by the Fatwa Committee of Johor based on the methods applied in resolving current issues. The research methodology adopted is library and interview methods. This study shows that fatwa management and production in the state of Johor is placed under the jurisdiction of the Mufti of Johor’s Department. The methods adopted by the Fatwa Committee of Johor covers two methods, namely: internal research methods including literature review through the application of original source and proofs based on syarak. Second: field research method that includes an external review or going to the location of study such as conducting observation, questionnaires and interviews including referrals to specialists of different fields. Maslahah and mafsdah consideration are also implemented by the Fatwa Committee in every fatwa decision based on the standard that meets the interests of maqasid al-shari'ah. Keywords: Metode, fatwa, istinbat, usul al-fiqh, maqasid al-shari’ah ABSTRAK Dalam disiplin penyelidikan hukum Islam, kekuatan pendalilan dan kaedah istinbat yang jelas merupakan tunggak utama dalam pembinaan hukum Islam berasaskan kepada aplikasi ilmu usul al-fiqh dan maqasid al-shari’ah. Namun begitu, apa yang berlaku di institusi fatwa negeri Johor adalah sebaliknya. Kaedah penyelidikan fatwa yang diaplikasi oleh Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Johor dalam menyelesaikan isu fatwa semasa tidak berasaskan kepada disiplin penyelidikan hukum Islam yang tepat dan sebenar. Malahan input-input semasa yang berkaitan dengan isu fatwa juga tidak dinyatakan secara jelas dalam kaedah penentuan hukum sama ada dalam bentuk realiti yang berlaku atau pembuktian secara saintifik. Justeru, kertas kerja ini akan membincangkan prosedur fatwa Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Johor berdasarkan metode-metode yang diaplikasi dalam menyelesaikan isu-isu yang bersifat semasa. Metodologi kajian yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah melalui metode perpustakaan dan metode lapangan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pengurusan dan pengeluaran fatwa di negeri Johor hanya terletak di bawah bidang kuasa Jabatan Mufti Johor. Metode fatwa yang diamalkan oleh Jawatankuasa Fatwa Negeri Johor merangkumi dua metode iaitu pertama, kaedah penyelidikan dalaman yang merangkumi kajian kepustakaan menerusi pengaplikasian dari sumber asas dan dalil-dalil syarak. Kedua, kaedah penyelidikan lapangan yang meliputi kajian luaran atau turun ke lokasi kajian seperti observasi, soal selidik dan temubual dan rujukan kepada pakar dalam bidang yang berlainan. Pertimbangan maslahah dan mafsdah juga dimplementasikan oleh Jawatankuasa Fatwa dalam setiap keputusan fatwanya berasaskan standard yang menepati kepentingan maqasid al-shari’ah. Kata kunci: Metode, fatwa, istinbat, usul al-fiqh, maqasid al-shari’ah

Islamic and Jewish Religious Feminists Tackle Islamic and Jewish Oral Law: Maintenance and Rebellion of Wives

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-63
Author(s):  
Ruth Roded
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
Political System ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Jewish Law ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Parallel Case ◽  
First Time

Beginning in the early 1970s, Jewish and Muslim feminists, tackled “oral law”—Mishna and Talmud, in Judaism, and the parallel Hadith and Fiqh in Islam, and several analogous methodologies were devised. A parallel case study of maintenance and rebellion of wives —mezonoteha, moredet al ba?ala; nafaqa al-mar?a and nush?z—in classical Jewish and Islamic oral law demonstrates similarities in content and discourse. Differences between the two, however, were found in the application of oral law to daily life, as reflected in “responsa”—piskei halacha and fatwas. In modern times, as the state became more involved in regulating maintenance and disobedience, and Jewish law was backed for the first time in history by a state, state policy and implementation were influenced by the political system and socioeconomic circumstances of the country. Despite their similar origin in oral law, maintenance and rebellion have divergent relevance to modern Jews and Muslims.

Efficiency of pay for performance program on the brazilian judiciary

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Cláudio de Jesus-Silva ◽  
Antônio Luiz Marques ◽  
André Luiz Nunes Zogahib
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Pay For Performance ◽  
Field Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Compensation Program ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This article aims to examine the variable compensation program for performance implanted in the Brazilian Judiciary. For this purpose, a survey was conducted with the servers of the Court of Justice of the State of Roraima - Amazon - Brazil. The strategy consisted of field research with quantitative approach, with descriptive and explanatory research and conducting survey using a structured questionnaire, available through the INTERNET. The population surveyed, 37.79% is the sample. The results indicate the effectiveness of the program as a tool of motivation and performance improvement and also the need for some adjustments and improvements, especially on the perception of equity of the program and the distribution of rewards.

Mosses of the State Nature Reserve "Kurgalskiy" (Leningrad Region)

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-384
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
E. G. Ginzburg ◽  
L. E. Kurbatova
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
The State ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
State Nature Reserve ◽  
First Time ◽  
State Nature ◽  
Area Data

The paper provides the data on mosses of the State Nature Reserve ”Kurgalskiy” situated in the Kingisepp District of the Leningrad Region. The list includes 136 species. Among them Plagiothecium nemorale is new for the Leningrad Region, 83 species are recorded for the first time for the protected area, 12 species are protected in the region, Aulacomnium androgynum is protected in Russia. Of the protected species, Plagiothecium latebricola is recorded for the first time for the protected area. Data on habitats, substrates and frequency of every species are provided.

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