scholarly journals Alveolar Bone Resorption Evaluation Around Single-piece Designed Bicortical Implants, Using Immediate Loading Protocol, Based on Orthopantomographs

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dániel-Tamás Száva ◽  
Alina Ormenișan ◽  
Emese Markovics ◽  
Bálint Bögözi ◽  
Krisztina Mártha
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Immediate Loading ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Functional Loading ◽  
Short Diameter

AbstractBackground:Inserting dental implants in severely atrophied jawbones is a great challenge for the dental practitioner. There are an increasing number of patients who choose dental implantanchored prosthetic restorations despite compromised bone quality and quantity. There have been numerous attempts in adapting implant design for the atrophic crestal bone. One-piece, needle-type basal implant design is a typical design for these cases. These implants are inserted in the remaining compact bone located in the basal aspect of the jawbones. If high primary stability is achieved, these implants are used for immediate loading protocol. From many points of view, this technique is based on contradictory principles compared to classic implant surgery and loading protocols. Theaimof this study was to investigate the long-term success of basal one-piece short-diameter dental implants used for immediate loading protocol.Materials and methods:A total of 56 dental implants were included in this study. Peri-implant bone loss was measured on orthopantomographs. Bone resorption was measured in millimeters in the first 6 and 12 months of functional loading.Results:There were no failing implants in this period; average bone resorption was 1.59 mm after 6 months of functional loading and 2.05 mm after 12 months. Bone resorption was slightly higher in the mandible than in the maxilla.Conclusions:Immediate implant loading protocol might be an attractive solution for fixed fullarch restoration using short-diameter one-stage basal implants, but long-term effects require further investigations.

scholarly journals DENTAL IMPLANT DESIGN- AN INSIGHT OVERVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3101-3105
Author(s):  
Ajit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Number Of Patients

Dental implants are a proven therapeutic option for replacing missing teeth, with positive long-term health outcomes. Dental implant performance is largely determined by the implant’s primary durability, which is affected by surgical procedure, bone quality and quantity, implant surface characteristics, implant geometry, and implant surface characteristics. The implant’s geometry and surface can be modified. The implant geometry and surface can be changed if needed to achieve good primary stability and long-term implant therapy effectiveness. Implant architecture refers to the implant’s three-dimensional structure, as well as all of the components and elements that make it up. Different surface topographies can affect a sequence of coordinated actions such cell proliferation, osteoblast transformation, and the production of bone tissue. At the macro, micro, and increasingly nano sizes, surface topography of implants may be detected. The surgical location of end osseous oral implants is influenced by the prosthetic architecture, as well as the shape and quality of the alveolar bone. There are several alternatives for replacing missing teeth, but within the past few decades, dental implants have been one of the most common biomaterials for replacing one (or more) missing teeth. In a substantial number of patients, titanium dental implants have been shown to be secure and reliable. This study examines the most important historical information of dental implants, as well as the various vital factors that will ensure successful Osseo-integration and a safe prosthesis anchorage. Not only

scholarly journals On the effect of antiresorptive drugs on the bone remodeling of the mandible after dental implantation: a mathematical model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Ashrafi ◽  
Farzan Ghalichi ◽  
Behnam Mirzakouchaki ◽  
Manuel Doblare
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Dental Implantation ◽  
Antiresorptive Agents ◽  
Antiresorptive Drugs

AbstractBone remodeling identifies the process of permanent bone change with new bone formation and old bone resorption. Understanding this process is essential in many applications, such as optimizing the treatment of diseases like osteoporosis, maintaining bone density in long-term periods of disuse, or assessing the long-term evolution of the bone surrounding prostheses after implantation. A particular case of study is the bone remodeling process after dental implantation. Despite the overall success of this type of implants, the increasing life expectancy in developed countries has boosted the demand for dental implants in patients with osteoporosis. Although several studies demonstrate a high success rate of dental implants in osteoporotic patients, it is also known that the healing time and the failure rate increase, necessitating the adoption of pharmacological measures to improve bone quality in those patients. However, the general efficacy of these antiresorptive drugs for osteoporotic patients is still controversial, requiring more experimental and clinical studies. In this work, we investigate the effect of different doses of several drugs, used nowadays in osteoporotic patients, on the evolution of bone density after dental implantation. With this aim, we use a pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) mathematical model that includes the effect of antiresorptive drugs on the RANK/RANK-L/OPG pathway, as well as the mechano-chemical coupling with external mechanical loads. This mechano-PK/PD model is then used to analyze the evolution of bone in normal and osteoporotic mandibles after dental implantation with different drug dosages. We show that using antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonates or denosumab increases bone density and the associated mechanical properties, but at the same time, it also increases bone brittleness. We conclude that, despite the many limitations of these very complex models, the one presented here is capable of predicting qualitatively the evolution of some of the main biological and chemical variables associated with the process of bone remodeling in patients receiving drugs for osteoporosis, so it could be used to optimize dental implant design and coating for osteoporotic patients, as well as the drug dosage protocol for patient-specific treatments.

Long Term Effects of the Latham Presurgical Maxillary Orthopedic Appliance, Including Effects on Tooth Growth

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel C Samson ◽  
Donald H Lalonde ◽  
Donald Fitzpatrick ◽  
Gerald L Sparkes
Keyword(s):  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Consistent Difference ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Alar Base ◽  
Alveolar Bone Grafting ◽  
Base Elevation

Reported beneficial effects of presurgical maxillary orthopedics in cleft lip include reduction of the cleft width, alignment of the maxillary segments, elevation of the alar base on the cleft side, diminished need for alveolar bone grafting and lip closure without tension. Possible adverse effects of presurgical maxillary orthopedics include tooth root damage and inability of periosteoplasty to make bone over the cleft. A series of wide cleft lip patients (n=15) treated with the Latham appliance at the time of lip closure were retrospectively compared with a similar group treated without the Latham appliance. The Latham appliance group (seven unilateral clefts, eight bilateral clefts; mean follow-up 9.5 years; range four to 18 years) was treated between the years 1980 and 1994. None of the 15 patients treated with the appliance had any tooth loss or damage attributable to the pins, and bone formation in the alveolar cleft was observed radiographically in all 13 of the patients who had a periosteoplasty at the time of lip repair, possibly obviating the need for secondary bone grafting. Five of these Latham group patients demonstrated clinical and radiographic evidence of tooth eruption into the periosteoplasty-formed bone. There was no consistent difference in the level of nasal alar base elevation in the two groups.

scholarly journals Late Effects of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HDT-AHCT) in Elderly Patients with Lymphoma

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 4620-4620
Author(s):  
Parastoo B. Dahi ◽  
Chikaodi Obioha ◽  
Sheila Kenny ◽  
Patrick Hilden ◽  
Molly Maloy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Number Of Patients

Abstract Background: High-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HDT-AHCT) is an established treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Incidence of NHL is highest in patients over 60 years of age, however, limited data is available on long-term effects of HDT-AHCT in older patients. This study is conducted to evaluate the late cardiopulmonary effects and overall outcomes of HDT-AHCT in older patients. Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective study examining late cardiopulmonary effects, and overall outcomes of HDT-AHCT in 41 patients age 70 years and older, with NHL, between January 2000 and December 2016. Clinical data and comorbidities were correlated with outcomes. Pre- and post-transplant pulmonary function tests (PFT) and echocardiograms were compared. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed according to age, gender, disease histology, disease stage at diagnosis, number of lines of treatment, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), hemoglobin adjusted diffusing capacity of lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and hematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index (HCT-CI) at the time of HDT-AHCT. Results: A total of 41 patients underwent HDT-AHCT for follicular or diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (FL / DLBCL n=18 44%), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL n=15 37%) and T-cell or other NHL subtypes (n=8 19%). The median age was 72 (range 70-77). Eight (19%), 6 (15%) and 27 (66%) patients had a low (0), intermediate (1-2) and high (≥3) HCT-CI score, respectively, at transplant. All patients except 1, had received anthracycline as part of initial treatment. BEAM and RR-BEAM were the most common conditioning regimens (n=38 93%). Pre-transplant LVEF was within normal range in all patients except 1 (45%). The median (range) pre- and post-transplant LVEF was 63% (45-74%) and 64% (39-71%), respectively. Of the 23 patients who had a post-transplant echocardiogram (median time between the pre- and post-transplant echocardiogram was 423 days), a mild decrease in LVEF was noted in 3. Only 1 patient had a significant decline of 19% in LVEF. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) was within normal range pre- and post-transplant in all. The median (range) of pre-transplant DLCO, FEV1 and FVC were 70% (48-125%), 97% (83-141%), and 98% (57-123%), respectively. Of the 10 patients who underwent post-transplant PFT (median time between the pre- and post-transplant PFT was 405 days), DLCO decline of >10% was the most common abnormality, and developed in 4 out of 10 patients. In 5 patients DLCO improvement of >10% was observed. A greater than 15% improvement in FEV1 and FVC was observed in 5 of 10 and 4 of 10 patients respectively. The median improvements in FVC, FEV1 and DLCO were 4%, 6% and 10%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 58 months (range 5-123) for survivors, PFS and OS at 3 years were 84% (95% CI, 67-92%) and 94% (95% CI, 80-99%), respectively. In a univariate analysis, age, gender, histology, disease stage, number of lines of treatment, DLCO, LVEF, and HCT-CI score did not affect OS or PFS. However, KPS ≥90 was associated with worse OS (p=0.008). The small sample size may have been a contributor to this unexpected finding. Relapse occurred in 11 patients (27%), 8 of whom died. Median time to relapse was 38 months (range 26-100). Secondary malignancies developed in 4 patients (8%) which included acute myeloid leukemia in 2, melanoma in 1, and esophageal cancer in 1, and led to death in 3. Conclusion: In this cohort of elderly patients with NHL who underwent HDT-AHCT, the late declines in cardiopulmonary function were minimal, and none resulted in mortality. Secondary malignancy was the only cause of non-relapse mortality. This can be explained by age being the biggest single risk factor for cancer development in general, in addition to the effects of HDT. We show that the most common cause of long-term mortality after HDT-AHCT continues to be lymphoma recurrence. Our data though limited by small number of patients and its retrospective nature, suggest that age alone is not predictive of post-transplant late effects and outcomes, and therefore should not be used to preclude HDT-AHCT in elderly. While prospective studies with larger number of patients are needed to evaluate long-term effects of HDT-AHCT on different organ functions in older adults, strategies to mitigate risk of relapse remain the most important area to improve outcomes. Disclosures Sauter: Juno Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Sanofi-Genzyme: Consultancy, Research Funding; Spectrum Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Precision Biosciences: Consultancy; Kite: Consultancy.

scholarly journals Short and Long-Term Effects of Growth Hormone in Children and Adolescents With GH Deficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Ranke
Keyword(s):  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Number Of Patients

The syndrome of impaired GH secretion (GH deficiency) in childhood and adolescence had been identified at the end of the 19th century. Its non-acquired variant (naGHD) is, at childhood onset, a rare syndrome of multiple etiologies, predominantly characterized by severe and permanent growth failure culminating in short stature. It is still difficult to diagnose GHD and, in particular, to ascertain impaired GH secretion in comparison to levels in normally-growing children. The debate on what constitutes an optimal diagnostic process continues. Treatment of the GH deficit via replacement with cadaveric pituitary human GH (pit-hGH) had first been demonstrated in 1958, and opened an era of therapeutic possibilities, albeit for a limited number of patients. In 1985, the era of recombinant hGH (r-hGH) began: unlimited supply meant that substantial long-term experience could be gained, with greater focus on efficacy, safety and costs. However, even today, the results of current treatment regimes indicate that there is still a substantial fraction of children who do not achieve adult height within the normal range. Renewed evaluation of height outcomes in childhood-onset naGHD is required for a better understanding of the underlying causes, whereby the role of various factors - diagnostics, treatment modalities, mode of treatment evaluation - during the important phases of child growth - infancy, childhood and puberty - are further explored.

Use of 3-D Printed Models for Implant Placement - A Case Series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soundariya Bala Muralei
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Proper Position ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Plaster Models

Long-term stability of a dental implant depends on various factors, one among them is proper position within the alveolar bone. Pre-operative thorough examination of the surgical site is preliminary step while planning dental implants. Conventional techniques such as Intra-Oral Periapical Radiograph and Ortho Pantamogram sometimes not sufficient and clinical scenario always surprises the surgeon. Later advent of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography alleviated this problem to some extent but there are some clinical situations such as resorbed ridge where better visualisation is needed. This led to the innovation of rapid prototyping techniques for the fabrication of three-dimensional complex structures. This technology has numerous applications from the development of an instrument, 3-D printed anatomical models to the fabrication of 3-D printed tissues for regeneration procedures. A 3-D printed model is much more useful than plaster models in many aspects such as demonstrating anatomical structures, better treatment planning, and better understanding for the patient. Hence, this case series focuses on the use of 3-D printed models in the placement of dental implants.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Long-Term Survivors of Testicular Cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (35) ◽  
pp. 5993-5999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Blach Rossen ◽  
Anette Fischer Pedersen ◽  
Robert Zachariae ◽  
Hans von der Maase
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Long Term Survivors

Purpose A growing number of patients with testicular cancer (TC) become long-term survivors. As a consequence, quality-of-life (QOL) issues become increasingly important. The objective of this study was to investigate QOL among Danish TC survivors. Methods A long-term follow-up assessment of all patients with TC treated at Aarhus University Hospital in Denmark between 1990 and 2000 was conducted. A total of 401 survivors (response rate, 66%) completed questionnaires concerning QOL (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20), and health-related issues such as neurotoxic symptoms and Raynaud-like phenomena. On the basis of their treatment, participants were categorized as having received surveillance, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. Results QOL among patients with TC was equal to that of men from the general population. Although patients who received chemotherapy reported higher levels of peripheral sensory neuropathy, ototoxicity, and Raynaud-like phenomena, treatment strategies were generally unrelated to QOL and depressive symptoms. Conclusion Overall, the patients in this study reported high levels of QOL. The results suggest that patients treated for TC should be informed about the anticipated good post-therapeutic QOL and the low risk of psychosocial and physical long-term effects.

Physical Health of Members of the Public Who Experienced Terrorist Bombings in London on 07 July 2005

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Catchpole ◽  
Oliver Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
London Bombings

AbstractIntroduction:On 07 July 2005, four bombs were detonated in London, killing 52 members of the public. Approximately 700 individuals received treatment either at the scene or at nearby hospitals.Hypothesis/Problem:Significant concerns about the potential long-term psychological and physical health effects of exposure to the explosions were raised immediately after the bombings. To address these concerns, a public health register was established for the purpose of following-up with individuals exposed to the explosions.Methods:Invitations to enroll in the register were sent to individuals exposed to the explosions. A range of health, emergency, and humanitarian service records relating to the response to the explosions were used to identify eligible individuals. Follow-up was undertaken through self-administered questionnaires. The number of patients exposed to fumes, smoke, dust, and who experienced blood splashes, individuals who reported injuries, and the type and duration of health symptoms were calculated. Odds ratios of health symptoms by exposure for greater or less than 30 minutes were calculated.Results:A total of 784 eligible individuals were identified, of whom, 258 (33%) agreed to participate in the register, and 173 (22%) returned completed questionnaires between 8 to 23 months after the explosions. The majority of individuals reported exposure to fumes, smoke, or dust, while more than two-fifths also reported exposure to blood. In addition to cuts and puncture wounds, the most frequent injury was ear damage. Most individuals experienced health symptoms for less than four weeks, with the exception of hearing problems, which lasted longer. Four-fifths of individuals felt that they had suffered emotional distress and half of them were receiving counseling.Conclusions:The results indicated that the main long-term health effects, apart from those associated with traumatic amputations, were hearing loss and psychological disorders. While these findings provide a degree of reassurance of the absence of long-term effects, the low response rate limits the extent to which this can be extrapolated to all those exposed to the bombings. Given the importance of immediate assessment of the range and type of exposure and injury in incidents such as the London bombings, and the difficulties in contacting individuals after the immediate response phase, there is need to develop better systems for identifying and enrolling exposed individuals into post-incident health monitoring.

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