Etiologies, profile patterns and characteristics of children with short stature in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer Alassaf ◽  
Lobna Gharaibeh ◽  
Sarah Ibrahim ◽  
Rasha Odeh
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
P Value ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Psychological Behavior ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives Childhood growth influences their social and psychological behavior, and abnormal growth may reflect underlying pathological etiologies. It is important to diagnose children with short stature as early as possible to be able to manage treatable causes. We aim to study etiologies and characteristics of short stature in children in Jordan. Methods This is a cross-sectional retrospective review of the medical records of children diagnosed with short stature at a referral university hospital. Clinical characteristics, auxological, laboratory, and radiological investigations were collected and analyzed. Results Among a total of 551 children diagnosed with short stature, the number of boys was significantly higher than girls, 304 (55.2%) and 247 (44.8%), respectively with a p-value of 0.015. Average age at presentation for all patients was 10.24 ± 3.23, with no significant difference between boys and girls. Pathological etiology was higher than normal variants 55.7 and 44.3%, respectively with p=0.007. Constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) was the most frequent cause in the normal variant group, 59.8%. Among the pathological group, the most common etiology was growth hormone deficiency (32.2%) with mean age of presentation of 9.40 years and was not significantly different from the age in other etiological groups, 9.44 years and p=0.931. Conclusions Growth monitoring of children should start at an early age for boys and girls. Referral to the pediatric endocrine clinic should be considered when growth problems are suspected for accurate diagnosis and etiology profiling.

scholarly journals Etiology of severe short stature below −3 SDS in a screened Finnish population

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
Juho Kärkinen ◽  
Päivi J Miettinen ◽  
Taneli Raivio ◽  
Matti Hero
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Target Height ◽  
Hospital District ◽  
Sitting Height ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Severe Short Stature

Objective: To describe the etiology of severe short stature in the Helsinki University Hospital district covering a population of 1.2 million that is subject to frequent growth monitoring and screening rules during childhood. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: We identified all subjects born 1990 or later with a height SD score <−3, after the age of 3 years, from the Helsinki University Hospital district growth database. A total of 785 subjects (376 females and 409 males) fulfilled our inclusion criteria; we reviewed their medical records and growth data and report their underlying diagnoses. Results: A pathological cause for short stature was diagnosed in 76% of the girls and 71% of the boys (P = NS). Syndromes were the most numerous pathological cause (n = 160; 20%), followed by organ disorders (n = 127; 16%), growth hormone deficiency (GHD, n = 94; 12%), SGA without catch-up growth (n = 73; 9%), and skeletal dysplasias (n = 57; 7%). Idiopathic short stature (ISS) was diagnosed in 210 (27%) subjects. The probability of growth-related pathology, particularly of a syndrome or skeletal dysplasia, increased with the shorter height SD score and the greater deviation from the target height. Sitting height to height SDS was increased in subjects with ISS, GHD, and SGA (all P < 0.01). Conclusions: Height <−3 SDS after 3 years of age usually results from a pathological cause and should be thoroughly investigated in specialized health care. The chance of finding a specific etiology increased with the severity of short stature, and the mismatch with target height.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Inducible Clindamycin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus among Various Clinical Specimens in Khartoum state Sudan

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Safana A. A. Alhady ◽  
Musa Abdalla Ali
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Inducible Clindamycin Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Background : S. aureus is frequently associated with skin infections, pneumonia, surgery wounds, bacteraemia, osteomyelitis and endocarditis, being considered one of the most important pathogens of the human being, both at the community level and at nosocomial infections, and may become serious if caused by antimicrobial resistant strains, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, which are resistant to most of the antimicrobial agents, methicillin-sensitive S.aureus (MSSA) and isolates with reduced susceptibility and resistance to vancomycin, which is the last drug for the treatment of MRSA infections. So, this study aimed to detect the existence of inducible resistance of S. aureus to Clindamycin in Khartoum-Sudan among patients attended to Suba University Hospital. Methods : The study was performed as cross-sectional one, 53 clinical isolates of S. aureus obtained from (34 females and 19 males) with different clinical condition among patients attended to Suba University Hospital in Khartoum-Sudan from April to August 2017. To detect inducible clindamycin resistant by using D test. In addition to that MRSA / MSSA all the isolates screened for methicillin resistant by using 1 µg oxacillin then examined for inducible clindamycin resistant by D test. In addition to that examine for antimicrobial susceptibility profile which include vancomycin, gentamycin, tetracycline and co-trimoxazole. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science, version 22, P. value <0.05 was considered statistically significant Results : out of 53 isolates, 36 S. aureus isolated resistant to Clindamycin, 26 (72.2%) were MRSA and 10 (27.8%) were MSSA by means of D test, while 17 (32.1%) of isolates were sensitive 9 (53%) MRSA and 8 (47 %) MSSA. Comparing Induced clindamycin resistance showed equally distribution among MSSA and MRSA isolates, giving no significant difference as P- value 0.167. Conclusion : This study showed that D.test to detect inducible clundamycin resistance in staphylococcus aureus.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Elastography and TI- Rads (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System) in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Ali ◽  
A S Abdelrahman ◽  
A M Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
P Value ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Thyroid nodules refers to an abnormal growth of thyroid cells that forms a lump within the thyroid gland. Although the vast majority of thyroid nodules are benign , a small percent is presenting as a thyroid cancer. Objective To quantify the sensitivity & the specifity of ultrasound elastography and TI-RAADS in evaluation of thyroid nodules among study population in Ain Shams university hospitals. Patients and Methods Type of study: cross sectional study. Study setting: it was conducted at Ain Shams University hospitals. Study period: March2018 to September 2018. Sample size: 41 patients were included in this study. Results There is a significant increase in the hyperechoic and isoechoic echogenicity in benign groups while no significant difference in hypoechogenicity and a significant difference in very hypoechogenicity in malignant group P- value=0.002. Conclusion Finally both the use of TI- RADS and elastography are methods to evaluate thyroids nodules according to US features and scoring systems that they are easy to perform, not invasive, informative, not costy and can be combined together to increase the accuracy of evaluation.

scholarly journals Assessing The Knowledge and Attitudes of Group of Practicing Dentists in Saudi Arabia with Regards to Antifungal Prescriptions for The Treatment of Oral Candidiasis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (03) ◽  
pp. 4358-4362
Author(s):  
Wael Mansy ◽  
Abdulaziz Alwakeel ◽  
Abdullah Alwakeel ◽  
Waad Alomran
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Fluconazole ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Candida albicans is the most prevalent causative species of oral fungal infections. This study was designed to assess the knowledge of dentists who are practicing in a dental university hospital regarding antifungal prescriptions for the treatment of oral candidiasis in a Riyadh city, SA. Material and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire were distributed among dentists of different specialties to assess their knowledge and attitudes toward antifungal prescription for the treatment of oral candidiasis. Statistical  analysis  was  carried out  to describe the properties of the sample in terms of frequencies and distribution while chi square test was used to compare the results between groups at level of significant P value ≤0.05 using  the  Statistical Packages for the Social Science (SPSS) Program. Results: A total of 130 completed questionnaires were received.  Males contributed 55.4% compared to 44.6% female counterparts. Topical antifungals were preferred by 85.4% of the participants. Topical Nystatin and oral fluconazole were the chosen antifungal agents by the dentists for the treatment of local (55.4%) and systemic (58.4%) fungal infections respectively. The challenge that was faced by most respondents (46%) is the lack of knowledge about the recommended dosage to be prescribed. Also, a significant difference in the knowledge was detected between dentists of different specialties. Conclusion: Most dentists will start with topical antifungal agents, nystatin suspension is the first medication of choice follow by miconazole and for the systemic antifungal agents oral fluconazole is first medication of choice. As for the adjunctive therapy most participants prescribed 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash.

Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽  
Sri Tumpuk
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk  K2EDTA dan  K3EDTA. K3EDTA  biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

scholarly journals Short-Course Versus Long-Course Colistin for Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant A.baumannii in Cancer Patient

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Wasan Katip ◽  
Suriyon Uitrakul ◽  
Peninnah Oberdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Response ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Course

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is one of the most commonly reported nosocomial infections in cancer patients and could be fatal because of suboptimal immune defenses in these patients. We aimed to compare clinical response, microbiological response, nephrotoxicity, and 30-day mortality between cancer patients who received short (<14 days) and long (≥14 days) courses of colistin for treatment of CRAB infection. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in cancer patients with CRAB infection who received short or long courses of colistin between 2015 to 2017 at Chiang Mai University Hospital (CMUH). A total of 128 patients met the inclusion criteria. The results of this study show that patients who received long course of colistin therapy had a higher rate of clinical response; adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 3.16 times in patients receiving long-course colistin therapy (95%CI, 1.37–7.28; p value = 0.007). Microbiological response in patients with long course was 4.65 times (adjusted OR) higher than short course therapy (95%CI, 1.72–12.54; p value = 0.002). Moreover, there was no significant difference in nephrotoxicity (adjusted OR, 0.91, 95%CI, 0.39–2.11; p value = 0.826) between the two durations of therapy. Thirty-day mortality in the long-course therapy group was 0.11 times (adjusted OR) compared to the short-course therapy group (95%CI, 0.03–0.38; p value = 0.001). Propensity score analyses also demonstrated similar results. In conclusion, cancer patients who received a long course of colistin therapy presented greater clinical and microbiological responses and lower 30-day mortality but similar nephrotoxicity as compared with those who a received short course. Therefore, a long course of colistin therapy should be considered for management of CRAB infection in cancer patients.

Safety climate and related factors in rehabilitation nurses of hospitals in Iran

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Javad vatani ◽  
Zahra Khanikosarkhizi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Shahabi Rabori ◽  
mohammad khandan ◽  
Mohsen aminizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Climate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
Safety Work ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
The Individual

BACKGROUND: Safety climate is a common insight of staff that indicates individuals’ attitudes toward safety and priority of safety at work. OBJECTIVES: Nursing is a risky job where paying attention to safety is crucial. The assessment of the safety climate is one of the methods to measure the safety conditions in this occupation. The aim of this study was to assess the safety climate of rehabilitation nurses working in hospitals in Tehran. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out on 140 rehabilitation nurses selected from all hospitals and clinics in Tehran in 2019. To collect the required data, a two-section questionnaire was used. The first section was related to demographic factors and the second part (22 statements) was to measure the safety climate using nurses’ safety climate assessment questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS V16 using independent t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test at the 5% level. RESULTS: Findings showed that the total mean of safety climate was 3.06±0.56. According to the results, a significant difference was found between the positive and negative satisfaction of nurses with safety climates (P-value = 0.03), communication with nurses (P-value = 0.01) and supervisors’ attitude (P-value = 0.02). Furthermore, a significant difference in safety climate between the individual with the second job and the individual without second could be observed (P-value = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that the safety climate was not at an acceptable level. Thus, it is essential to introduce safety training courses (e.g. safety, work-rest balance, and so on) and to improve the safety performance at work.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcome of heart failure in women: a single center registry from Egyptian cardiac care unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Mahfouz Badran ◽  
Marwa Ahmed Elgharably ◽  
Naglaa Faheem
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cardiac Care ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cardiac Care Unit

Abstract Background This study represents figures from a cardiac care unit (CCU) of a university hospital; it describes an example of a tertiary academic center in Egypt and provides an epidemiological view of the female HF patients, their risk profile, and short-term outcome during hospitalization. Results It is a local single-center cross-sectional observational registry of CCU patients 1 year from July 2015 to July 2016. Patient’s data were collected through a special software program. Women with evidence of HF were thoroughly studied. Among the 1006 patients admitted to CCU in 1 year, 345 (34.2%) patients were females and 118 (34.2%) had evidence of HF, whereas 661 (65.7%) were males and 178 (26.9%) of them had HF. Women with HF showed 11.7% prevalence of the total population admitted to CCU. 72.7% were HFrEF and 27.3% were HFpEF. Compared to men, women with HF were older in age, more obese, less symptomatic than men, had higher incidence of associated co-morbidities, less likely to be re-admitted for HF, and less likely to have ACS and PCI. Valvular heart diseases and cardiomyopathies were the commonest etiologies of their HF. Women had more frequent normal ECG, higher EF%, and smaller LA size. There is no difference in medications and CCU procedures. While females had shorter stay, there is no significant difference in hospital mortality compared to male patients. Conclusions Despite higher prevalence of HF in females admitted to CCU and different clinical characteristics and etiology of HF, female gender was associated with similar prognosis during hospital course compared to male gender.

scholarly journals Violence and depression among pregnant women in Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan M. Ghoneim ◽  
Mohamed Elprince ◽  
Tamer Yehia M. Ali ◽  
Waleed F. Gharieb ◽  
Amal A. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Depression is a serious mental health disorder that might affect women in the childbearing period. Incidences increase during pregnancy as well as after delivery. Its association with intimate partner violence (defined as physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former partner) has been reported in many countries. Data about this sensitive issue are lacking in Egypt. The aim of the study was to determine the relation between intimate partner violence and depression during pregnancy. Methods This was a case control study conducted at the outpatient clinics in Suez Canal University hospital, from January 2019 to March 2020. The study included two groups, the study group included women exposed to violence during the current pregnancy and a control one included women with no history of violence. Both groups were recruited according to the predetermined inclusion criteria (women aged 18-45 years, continuous marital relationship, no history of depression in current or previous pregnancies, and singleton pregnancy). Women were asked to complete the Arabic validated NorVold Domestic Abuse Questionnaire (measuring four types of abuse: emotional, physical, sexual, and violence in the health care system, the last one being excluded). Depression was evaluated using the Arabic validated form of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (comprises 10 questions that represent patients’ feelings in the last 7 days). The main outcome measure was to assess the association between intimate partner violence and depression. Results We recruited 158 women in each group. Both groups were matched in their demographic characters. Although emotional violence was reported prominently among women exposed to IPV 87.9% (139/158), it was not significantly reported in depressed women (P value 0.084). Physical and sexual violence were significantly reported among depressed women (P value 0.022 and 0.001, respectively). There was a significant difference between women exposed to violence and those who were not exposed to violence in the total depression scores (13.63 ± 5.47 and 10.65 ± 5.44, respectively with a p value < 0.001). Emotional (p value < 0.001) and sexual violence (mild and severe with p value of 0.026 and 0.002 respectively) had significant roles as risk factors for depression during pregnancy in single regression and after control of other confounders. Conclusion There was a strong association between intimate partner violence and depression during pregnancy.

The Concepts of Complete Denture Occlusion amongst Dental Fraternity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Maria Shakoor Abbasi ◽  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Azad Ali Azad ◽  
Fatima Fouad ◽  
Humza Daudpota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Disorder ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Complete Denture ◽  
P Value ◽  
Removable Partial Denture ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: To assess the concepts of complete denture occlusion among dental fraternity. Study Design And Setting: Cross-sectional study conducted at various dental hospitals and institutes of Karachi, for a period of six months, from 1st June’2019 to 30th November’2019 Methodology: Total 849 dental practitioners who are currently practising were included. A well-structured and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. SPSS version 25 was used. Results: Bilateral balanced occlusion was an ideal occlusion by majority subjects i.e, 530(62.4%) in patients with wellformed ridges, followed by 464(54.7%) candidates with skeletal class 1, total 376(44.3%) chose it with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, 365(43%) in single complete denture cases, 339(39.9%) with increased inter-arch space, 298(35.1%) with parafunction habits, 296(34.9%) in patients with history of neuromuscular disorder and 271(31.9%) where a complete denture opposes a removable partial denture. Furthermore, Lingualized occlusion was preferred by 341(40.25%) participants for patients with skeletal class 3. Total 316(37.2%) candidates chose it for patients with displaceable supporting tissue followed by 264(31.1%) who chose it for skeletal 2 and 260(30.6%) for cases of highly resorbed ridges. Lastly, 311(36.6%) chose canine guided occlusion with highly resorbed ridges accompanied by high aesthetic demand A significant difference between education level and knowledge of occlusal schemes was also found. Chi-square (73.87), df 6, p-value =0.000. Conclusion: Dental practitioners lack adequate knowledge of occlusal schemes in terms of prescription in complete denture patients. A significant difference between the education level and knowledge of occlusal schemes was found. Therefore, awareness of various occlusal schemes should be increased at undergraduate level.

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