Bending strength of ceramic compounds bonded with silicate-based glass solder

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 593-598
Author(s):  
Jan-Oliver Sass ◽  
Abdessalam Jakobi ◽  
Aurica Mitrovic ◽  
Cornelia Ganz ◽  
Jennifer Wilken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Ethanol Treatment ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Bonding Parameters ◽  
Soldering Process ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Process Pressure ◽  
Monolithic Zirconia ◽  
Ceramic Compounds

Abstract In the field of dental technology, the length of ceramic pontics is limited to avoid mechanical failure. To reduce thermal-induced residual stress within the ceramic, using smaller subcomponents and subsequent bonding with silicate-based glass solder may be a favorable approach. Thus, the bending strength of zirconia compounds bonded with different silicate-based glass solders was investigated. For this purpose, rectangular specimens made of zirconia were bonded by glass solder. Parameters such as the scarf angle (45° and 90°), two different glass solders, as well as the soldering process (pressure and surface treatment) were varied. All specimens were subjected to quasi-static four-point bending tests according to DIN EN ISO 843-1. Additionally, the quality of the glass solder connection was evaluated using μCT and fractography. In the present study, zirconia compounds were sucessful bonded of zirconia compounds using silicate-based glass solder was. No significant differences in terms of bending strength were observed with respect to the different bonding parameters analyzed. The highest bending strength of 130.6 ± 50.5 MPa was achieved with a 90° scarf angle combined with ethanol treatment of the specimens before soldering and an additional application of a pressure of 2 bars in a dental pressure pot before subsequent soldering. Nevertheless, the bending strengths were highly decreased when compared to monolithic zirconia specimens (993.4 ± 125.5 MPa).

Correlation of Tensile and Bending Strength of Composites With a Circular Hole

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-547
Author(s):  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Su-Seng Pang ◽  
Chihdar Yang
Keyword(s):  
Circular Hole ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Elliptic Hole ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Orthotropic Plates ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Circular Holes ◽  
Good Agreement

While significant studies have been conducted on composites containing a circular or an elliptic hole under tensile loading, few investigations have been reported on notched composites under bending due to the complex nature of the problem. In this paper, a correlation of strengths of orthotropic plates containing a circular hole under tension and bending has been proposed based on Lekhnitskii’s solutions for infinite width plates. Finite element analysis has been performed to verify the theoretical correlation. Uniaxial tension and four-point bending tests have also been conducted on Scotchply samples with circular holes of various sizes. A good agreement has been observed among the theoretical, FEA, and experimental results.

Cement Composite Reinforced with Synthetic Fibers: Comparison of Three-Point and Four-Point Bending Test Results

2016 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 332-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Topič ◽  
Jan Bartoš ◽  
Lubomír Kopecký ◽  
Karel Šeps ◽  
Zdeněk Prošek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Recycled Pet ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Synthetic Fibers ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Pet Fibers ◽  
Four Point Bending Test

Presented article deals with the influence of PET fiber production on the bending strength of cement-based composite when incorporated into the fresh mortar, and comparison of results of 3-point and 4-point bending test. Cement paste samples were reinforced with 2 wt. % of primary or recycled PET fibers. The bending test was performed on prismatic samples with dimension of 40 × 40 × 160 mm. It was found that samples with recycled PET fibers, compared to primary ones, exhibit a decrease in bending strength. In the case of 4-point bending tests, the samples with recycled PET fibers exhibited higher bending strength than reference samples without any fibers. However, in the case of 3-point bending tests, the samples with recycled PET fibers had lower bending strength than the reference ones. The results suggest that recycled PET fibers could be used as an alternative to reinforce cement-based composites.

Experimental Assessment of the Glued Laminated Timber Beams in 4-Point Bending Tests and Photoelastic Coating Technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Ludomir J. Jankowski ◽  
Tomasz Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Experimental Assessment ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Coating Technique ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Photoelastic Coating ◽  
Glued Laminated Timber ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Good Agreement

The paper presents the results of investigation on seven glued laminated timber (GL24h class) bending beams. Bending strength and modulus of elasticity were determined. The beams were tested for four-point bending by loading them at a constant speed deflection. The strain gauge method and photoelastic coating technique were applied for strain distributions determination in selected cross-sections of the beams. Good agreement of the measurement results was obtained with both techniques. Application of the photoelastic coating technique enabled more detailed analysis of the beams failure mode, including timber defects influence on the strain distributions.

Effect of Printing Temperature on Mechanical Properties and Surface Quality of Photosensitive Resin Rapid Prototyping Parts

2017 ◽  
Vol 727 ◽  
pp. 466-470
Author(s):  
Xian Yong Zhu ◽  
Fei Fei Cui ◽  
Cheng Jiang ◽  
Dong Ni Geng ◽  
Xue Lei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Bending Modulus ◽  
C 23 ◽  
Photosensitive Resin ◽  
Tensile Elastic Modulus ◽  
C 30

Abstract. The rapid prototypes of different printing temperature by Objet30 Stratasys Pro printer were found a certain difference in performance in the process of using the process.In order to studied the effect of printing temperature on the rapid prototyping of photosensitive resin, tensile and bending tests were carried out on the rapid prototyping parts at 12°C, 18°C, 21°C, 23°C, 25°C, 30°C,respectively,and the rigidity and surface roughness of rapid prototyping parts were measured.Research shows：the tensile strength increases with the increase of printing temperature , tensile elastic modulus fluctuates with the printing temperature , they all increases rapidly after 25°C;The bending strength increases proportional with the increase of printing temperature, and the bending modulus increases first and then tends to decrease with the increase of printing temperature;The hardness value increases slowly with the increase of printing temperature, and increases obviously after 20°C,the hardness value in the middle of the prototype parts is bigger than the edge parts；The surface roughness with increasing printing temperature, although it is floating up and down, but have little effect.

scholarly journals Method of Expanding Measurement Limits of Digital Dynamometer in Testing Strength of Moulded Peat Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 01035
Author(s):  
Alexander Yablonev ◽  
Anna Guseva
Keyword(s):  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mining Machine ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Important Quality

The work is carried out to survey operating quality of sod peat produced by milling-forming machines in the field. The surveillance will help make necessary changes in mining machine designs and operating modes in a timely manner. One of the most important quality parameters of sod peat is its bending strength. To evaluate it, Tver State Technical University has developed a destruction test bench. The test bench is equipped with a digital dynamometer and a strain-gauge bracket torecord the destructive load. However, the instruments are designed for 1 kN maximum load. The bending tests of moulded peat products conducted by the authors showed that the destructive load often exceeds 1 kN, which meant that the generation and measurement limits of destructive load have to be expanded within the range of equipment being available. The problem has been solved by installing additional elements in the strain- gauge bracket and making a calibration chart. The method can expand the generation and measurement limits of destructive load by more than 50 %.

Structural Properties of Immature Canine Bone

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Torzilli ◽  
K. Takebe ◽  
A. H. Burstein ◽  
K. G. Heiple
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Tissue Material

Structural properties of growing canine long bones were determined from three and four-point bending tests. Mechanical and geometric properties were found to follow a biphasic growth process, with a rapid increase in bending strength and moment of inertia from 1 to 24 wk of age and a substantially decreased rate thereafter to maturity. Predicted bone tissue material properties were also found to follow this biphasic developmental process.

scholarly journals Experimental research on load bearing capacity of adhesively jointed beech timber lamellas

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Šuhajdová ◽  
Miloslav Novotný ◽  
Jan Pěnčík ◽  
Karel Šuhajda
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Finger Joint ◽  
Polyurethane Adhesive ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Engineered Wood Products

The aim of this work was to verify behavior of a beech timber finger-joint in local conditions in the Central Europe. The samples were produced with a glued joint with the finger length of 23 mm according to standard ČSN EN 14 080. Commonly used polyurethane adhesive for production of engineered wood products in the Czech Republic was used. The samples were loaded by destructive four-point bending tests according to standard ČSN EN 408, and the achieved bending strength was statistically evaluated and compared with results of non-glued samples. The results showed that bending strength of lamellas with a finger-joint reached about 65% of the strength of samples without a joint, and the failure of lamellas occurred in most cases at the joint.

scholarly journals Bending Behavior of Splice Connection for Mengkulang Glued Laminated Timber Beam

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (SI4) ◽  
pp. 215-222
Author(s):  
Rohana Hassan ◽  
Tengku Anita Raja Husin ◽  
Nor Jihan Abd Malek ◽  
Mohd Sapuan Salit
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Strength Failure ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Glued Laminated Timber ◽  
Bending Load ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Bending Behavior ◽  
Open Access Article

This paper presents the experimental bending strength of steel dowelled splice glulam timber made of 'Mengkulang' species. Bending tests were conducted under a four-point bending load. Six (6) glulam specimens with 45mm x 90mm x 1800mm were loaded. Three (3) specimens were full beams as the control and three (3) splice beams dowelled with grade 8.8; 20 mm diameter steel rod. The embedded length of the steel dowel was 60mm and glued at 2mm thickness on both sides. Results show that the bending strength of the glulam control beam performed 74.18% higher than the splice beams with an increment of 58.26% displacement. Keywords: Structural material, flexural strength, failure mode, dowelled connection eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4.3029

Characteristics of Low Temperature Degradation Free ZTA for Artificial Joint

2014 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junji Ikeda ◽  
Takayuki Murakami ◽  
Takayoshi Shimozono ◽  
Reiji Watanabe ◽  
Mikio Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Phase Stability ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Wear Property ◽  
Artificial Joint ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Bearing Materials

Low temperature degradation free Zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) has been developed. It is reported that ZTA has higher mechanical strength compared to alumina due to the stress induced transformation and spontaneously transformation of zirconia phase on some ZTA have been occurred. For achieving the higher reliability of artificial joint prosthesis alternative to alumina and other ceramic materials, it is necessary to improve and validate the both mechanical characteristics and phase stability at the same time. We evaluated that microstructure, mechanical characteristics and phase stability of newly developed ZTA (BIOCERAM®AZUL). It was confirmed that four-point bending strength and weibull modulus were extreamly high, and ZTA has higher reliability. There were no significant changes and deterioration in four-point bending strength, crystal structure and wear property with and without accelerated aging test. Newly developed ZTA not only with high mechanical characteristics but also with phase stability could be quite useful as bearing materials in artificial joints for longer clinical use.

A Comparative Study of Soldering Temperatures and Materials on the Reliability of Photovoltaic Modules

2012 ◽  
Vol 562-564 ◽  
pp. 188-191
Author(s):  
Keh Moh Lin ◽  
Yang Hsien Lee ◽  
Wen Yeong Huang ◽  
Po Chun Hsu ◽  
Chin Yang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Automatic Process ◽  
Lead Free Solder ◽  
Snagcu Solder ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Soldering Process ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Free Solder

To find out the important factors which decisively affect the soldering quality of photovoltaic modules, solar cells were soldered under different conditions (different temperatures, PbSn vs. SnAgCu solder, manual vs. semi-automatic). Experimental results show that the soldering quality of PbSn under 350°C in the semi-automatic soldering process was quite stable while the soldering quality of lead-free solder was generally unacceptable in the manual or semi-automatic process under different temperatures. This result indicates that the soldering process with lead-free solder still needs to be further improved. It was also found that most cracks were formed on the interface between the solder and the silver paste and then expanded outwards.

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