scholarly journals Three-dimensional spatiotemporal tracking of nano-objects diffusing in water-filled optofluidic microstructured fiber

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (15) ◽  
pp. 4545-4554
Author(s):  
Shiqi Jiang ◽  
Ronny Förster ◽  
Malte Plidschun ◽  
Jens Kobelke ◽  
Ron Fatobene Ando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Science ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Axial Position ◽  
3D Tracking ◽  
Elastic Light Scattering ◽  
Light Line ◽  
Gold Nanosphere ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) tracking of nano-objects represents a novel pathway for understanding dynamic nanoscale processes within bioanalytics and life science. Here we demonstrate 3D tracking of diffusing 100 nm gold nanosphere within a water-filled optofluidic fiber via elastic light scattering–based position retrieval. Specifically, the correlation between intensity and position inside a region of a fiber-integrated microchannel has been used to decode the axial position from the scattered intensity, while image processing–based tracking was used in the image plane. The 3D trajectory of a diffusing gold nanosphere has been experimentally determined, while the determined diameter analysis matches expectations. Beside key advantages such as homogenous light-line illumination, low-background scattering, long observation time, large number of frames, high temporal and spatial resolution and compatibility with standard microscope, the particular properties of operating with water defines a new bioanalytical platform that is highly relevant for medical and life science applications.

Three dimensional tracking of nanoparticles by dual-color position retrieval in double-core microstructured optical fiber

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiqi Jiang ◽  
Ronny Förster ◽  
Adrian Lorenz ◽  
Markus Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
3D Tracking ◽  
Elastic Light Scattering ◽  
Microstructured Optical Fiber ◽  
Dual Color ◽  
Nanoscale Level

Elastic light scattering based three-dimensional (3D) tracking of objects at the nanoscale level is essential for unlocking dynamics of individual species or interactions in fields such as biology or surface...

Measurements in 3D images

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
John C. Russ
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
3D Images ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope ◽  
Hard Materials ◽  
Depth Direction ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Confocal Scanning Laser

Three-dimensional (3D) images consisting of arrays of voxels can now be routinely obtained from several different types of microscopes. These include both the transmission and emission modes of the confocal scanning laser microscope (but not its most common reflection mode), the secondary ion mass spectrometer, and computed tomography using electrons, X-rays or other signals. Compared to the traditional use of serial sectioning (which includes sequential polishing of hard materials), these newer techniques eliminate difficulties of alignment of slices, and maintain uniform resolution in the depth direction. However, the resolution in the z-direction may be different from that within each image plane, which makes the voxels non-cubic and creates some difficulties for subsequent analysis.

scholarly journals The first observation of 4D tomography measurement of plasma structures and fluctuations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanho Moon ◽  
Kotaro Yamasaki ◽  
Yoshihiko Nagashima ◽  
Shigeru Inagaki ◽  
Takeshi Ido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Axial Position ◽  
Entire Cross Section ◽  
Helicon Plasma ◽  
Emission Profile ◽  
Dimensional Measurement ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Three Dimensional Measurement

AbstractA tomography system is installed as one of the diagnostics of new age to examine the three-dimensional characteristics of structure and dynamics including fluctuations of a linear magnetized helicon plasma. The system is composed of three sets of tomography components located at different axial positions. Each tomography component can measure the two-dimensional emission profile over the entire cross-section of plasma at different axial positions in a sufficient temporal scale to detect the fluctuations. The four-dimensional measurement including time and space successfully obtains the following three results that have never been found without three-dimensional measurement: (1) in the production phase, the plasma front propagates from the antenna toward the end plate with an ion acoustic velocity. (2) In the steady state, the plasma emission profile is inhomogeneous, and decreases along the axial direction in the presence of the azimuthal asymmetry. Furthermore, (3) in the steady state, the fluctuations should originate from a particular axial position located downward from the helicon antenna.

scholarly journals Parallel, linear, and subnanometric 3D tracking of microparticles with Stereo Darkfield Interferometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. eabe3902
Author(s):  
Martin Rieu ◽  
Thibault Vieille ◽  
Gaël Radou ◽  
Raphaël Jeanneret ◽  
Nadia Ruiz-Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Particle Tracking ◽  
Focal Plane ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Tracking ◽  
Single Molecule Force Spectroscopy ◽  
A New Technique

While crucial for force spectroscopists and microbiologists, three-dimensional (3D) particle tracking suffers from either poor precision, complex calibration, or the need of expensive hardware, preventing its massive adoption. We introduce a new technique, based on a simple piece of cardboard inserted in the objective focal plane, that enables simple 3D tracking of dilute microparticles while offering subnanometer frame-to-frame precision in all directions. Its linearity alleviates calibration procedures, while the interferometric pattern enhances precision. We illustrate its utility in single-molecule force spectroscopy and single-algae motility analysis. As with any technique based on back focal plane engineering, it may be directly embedded in a commercial objective, providing a means to convert any preexisting optical setup in a 3D tracking system. Thanks to its precision, its simplicity, and its versatility, we envision that the technique has the potential to enhance the spreading of high-precision and high-throughput 3D tracking.

scholarly journals Fast and Robust Orientation of Cryo-Electron Microscopy Images

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoliang Xu ◽  
Xia Wang ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Zhucui Jing
Keyword(s):  
Sparse Matrix ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Computation Method ◽  
Common Line ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Common Lines ◽  
The Common ◽  
Dimensional Object

AbstractWe present an efficient and reliable algorithm for determining the orientations of noisy images obtained fromprojections of a three-dimensional object. Based on the linear relationship among the common line vectors in one image plane, we construct a sparse matrix, and show that the coordinates of the common line vectors are the eigenvectors of the matrix with respect to the eigenvalue 1. The projection directions and in-plane rotation angles can be determined fromthese coordinates. A robust computation method of common lines in the real space using aweighted cross-correlation function is proposed to increase the robustness of the algorithm against the noise. A small number of good leading images, which have the maximal dissimilarity, are used to increase the reliability of orientations and improve the efficiency for determining the orientations of all the images. Numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithm is effective and efficient.

Impact of a strong temperature gradient on grain growth in films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Zöllner
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Drag Effect ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Grain Boundary Mobility ◽  
Microstructural Coarsening ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Model Algorithm

Abstract The migration of grain boundaries and, therewith, the phenomenon of grain growth depend strongly on the annealing temperature. Generally, higher temperatures are associated with higher mobilities of the boundaries and therewith faster microstructural coarsening. In the present study, the influence of a strong temperature gradient on grain growth in thin films is investigated. To that aim, a modified three-dimensional Potts model algorithm is employed, where the annealing temperature changes with the thickness of the sample taking grain boundary mobility and energy into account. The resulting drag effect has serious consequences for the temporal and spatial evolution of the grain microstructure.

scholarly journals Underactuated AUV Nonlinear Finite-Time Tracking Control Based on Command Filter and Disturbance Observer

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 4987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Cao ◽  
Pang ◽  
Sun
Keyword(s):  
Finite Time ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle ◽  
Tracking Error ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Path Following ◽  
Lyapunov Stability Theory ◽  
Ocean Currents ◽  
3D Tracking ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Underactuated Auv

The three-dimensional (3D) path following problem of an underactuated autonomous underwater vehicle with ocean currents disturbances is addressed in this paper. Firstly, the motion equation under the ocean currents disturbance is established, and the dynamic model of 3D tracking error is constructed based on virtual guidance method. Then, a finite-time control scheme based on super-twisting observer and command filtered backstepping technology is proposed. We adopt super-twisting observer based on finite-time theory to observe the ocean currents disturbances for improving the system robust. A command filtered backstepping is proposed to replace the differential process in the conventional backstepping method for avoiding the differential expansion problem. The filter compensation loop is designed to ensure the accuracy of the filtered signal, and the anti-integration saturation link is designed considering the influence of integral saturation. Lyapunov stability theory is used to prove the stability of the underactuated AUV. Simulation studies are conducted to show the effectiveness and robustness of the controller.

Numerical Investigation on the Effect of Bleed Port With Self-Recirculating Casing Treatment on the Stability of a 1.5-Stage Transonic Compressor

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Zhong ◽  
WuLi Chu ◽  
HaoGuang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Stability Margin ◽  
Axial Position ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Stall Margin ◽  
Casing Treatment ◽  
Transonic Compressor ◽  
Compressor Efficiency

Abstract Compared to the traditional casing treatment, the self-recirculating casing treatment (SCT) can improve or not decrease the compressor efficiency while achieving the stall margin improvement. For the bleed port, the main design indicator is to reduce the flow loss caused by suction, while providing sufficient jet flow and jet pressure to the injector. In order to gain a better study of the bleed port stabilization mechanisms, the bleed configuration was parameterized with the bleed port inlet width and the bleed port axial position. Five kinds of recirculating casing treatments were applied to a 1.5-stage transonic axial compressor with the method of three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulation. Fifteen identical self-recirculating devices are uniformly mounted around the annulus. The numerical results show that the SCT can improve compressor total pressure ratio and stability, shift the stall margin towards lower mass flows. Furthermore, it has no impact on compressor efficiency. The optimal case presents that stability margin is improved by 6.7% employing 3.1% of the annulus mass flow. Expanding bleed port inlet width to an intermediate level can further enhance compressor stability, but excessive bleed port inlet width will reduce the stabilization effect. The optimal bleed port position is located in the blocked area of the low energy group at the top of the rotor. In the case of solid casing, stall inception was the tip blockage, which was mainly triggered by the interaction of the tip leakage vortex and passage shock. From radial distribution, the casing treatment predominantly affects the above 70% span. The reduction of tip reflux region by suction effect is the main reason for the extension of stable operation range. The SCT also has an obvious stability improvement in tip blockage stall, while delaying the occurrence of compressor stall.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document