scholarly journals The Civil Society War: Fundraising Conflict Popularizes Financial Ratios and Uniform Accounting Standards through Public Policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Suhs Cleveland
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Fourteenth Amendment ◽  
Financial Ratios ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Legitimate Concern ◽  
Fundraising Efficiency ◽  
Health Field

AbstractThe Civil Society War involved powerful interests clashing over fundraising policies for 25 years. The United Funds coerced leading health agencies to join their federated campaigns. These health agencies insisted on independent fundraising campaigns to maintain awareness of their causes, volunteers, and funds raised. Through the 1950s and 1960s, the United Funds expanded their focus from social services by entering the health field. An important tactic in this conflict was the development of fundraising permitting regulations across the country. These regulations often included fundraising efficiency ratios, limiting the percentage spent on fundraising divided by the donations received. These fundraising efficiency ratios, along with permitting regulations giving preferential treatment to United Funds resulted in numerous lawsuits. Ultimately, the fundraising regulations were declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court based on freedom of speech under the First Amendment and equal representation under the Fourteenth Amendment. While the courts struck down the use of financial ratios, these metrics continue to be used in rating charities. One positive outcome of the conflict was the development of widely used uniform accounting standards. The health agencies drove development of these standards as a way to address a legitimate concern among a barrage of criticisms of their practices influenced by the conflict with the United Funds. The Civil Society War had lasting impacts on three main areas affecting nonprofit policy: fundraising regulation, use of financial ratios in charity evaluation, and uniform accounting standards.

MECHANISM OF PROVISION OF SOCIAL SERVICES AS AN ESSENTIAL FACTOR OF SELF-ORGANIZATION OF SOCIETY AND CIVIL INITIATIVE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosukhina K.V.
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of public initiatives in Ukraine, as well as their role in building a dialogue between the government and civil society. The connection of the public initiative with the provision of social services is considered. The interaction of civil society institutions with public authorities is determined.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE NON-PROFIT SECTOR IN THE THREE SIBERIAN REGIONS (BASED ON EXPERT EVALUATIONS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-34
Author(s):  
Daria A. Omelchenko ◽  
Svetlana G. Maximova ◽  
Oksana E. Noyanzina
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Novosibirsk Oblast ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
The Republic

Contemporary Russian social policy is marked by intensive development of state-public partnership as an important instrument for identifying and responding to social issues, improving quality of social services, protecting rights and freedoms of the Russian citizens. Shouldering some of the state functions on the provision of social services, organization of socially significant events and activities, NPOs are often more efficient and effective, they react faster on social needs and provide population with opportunities to participate in resolution of their problems and change their lives for the better way. The analysis of dynamic characteristics of civil society, fulfilled by the authors on the base of expert evaluations in the three border regions of the Siberian federal district (the Altai region, the Novosibirsk oblast, the Republic of Altai, n = 180), allowed to reveal their structure and relationships with peculiarities of the functioning and interaction with other NPOs and governmental bodies at different levels. Our findings suggest that processes in civil society are strongly interconnected, and that the assessment of their actual state and dynamics is very subjective, affected by professional experience and peculiarities of expert organization.

The Social Mandate to Deal With Mental Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 234-254
Author(s):  
Alberta Mazzola
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Mental Health Agencies ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Public Middle School ◽  
Health Field

The chapter aims to explore the construct of mental health in a psychoanalytic perspective with a psychosocial approach. In particular, the chapter studies mental health by analysing traces to detect social mandate characterizing different mental health agencies. The highlighted hypothesis could be interpreted as that social mandate is a clue of local cultures about mental health, which determine fantasies about mental health issues, grounding on symbolizations shared by professionals, users, and community. The chapter introduces three clinical experiences of interventions, carried out in different contexts: a public mental health service, a public middle school, a psychoanalytic private office. All the presented experiences concern mental health field, even though they are characterized by different features in terms of subjects, methods, professionals, users, and organizations involved. The chapter explores those differences in order to focus on transversal issues.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jehan Bseiso ◽  
Michiel Hofman ◽  
Jonathan Whittall
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Services ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Laws Of War ◽  
War On Terrorism ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Entire Country

Hundreds of thousands of people have been killed and millions displaced in a decade of conflict in Syria. The devastation caused by the unrelenting war makes this crisis one of the most serious humanitarian disasters in recent history. The widely reported and available numbers—more than six million internally displaced and five million refugees, roughly half the population of the entire country—reflects only a fraction of the conflict’s toll (OCHA 2019). Hundreds of thousands of people have been besieged, hospitals have been destroyed, and humanitarian access has been restricted. This has led to countless denunciations from international organizations, states, and civil society movements calling for the laws of war to be respected, sieges lifted, and humanitarian access facilitated. But beneath each of these humanitarian appeals lies a complex reality extending beyond the binary narratives that have come to define the Syria war: of an “evil regime” willing to demolish neutral hospitals in its quest to defeat a popular uprising, or of “terrorists” using hospitals to launch attacks against a legitimate government. Indeed, each reasonable demand for a more humane conduct of warfare interacts with the complexity of Syria’s history and the role of social services in the postcolonial period, the evolution of the application of the law of war in the context of a war on terrorism, the lived experiences of the tactic of siege that follows Syrians across borders, the use and manipulation of humanitarian narratives to fuel complex ...

scholarly journals Translating Coercion Policy into Inter-Organisational Collaboration–the Implementation of Compulsory Community Care for People with Mental Illness

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIV ZETTERBERG ◽  
URBAN MARKSTRÖM ◽  
STEFAN SJÖSTRÖM
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Service Coordination ◽  
Coordinated Care ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Health Field

AbstractIn 2008, compulsory community care (CCC) for people with severe mental illness was introduced in Sweden. CCC requires co-operation between psychiatric and social services, thus further complicating the longstanding difficulties with service coordination in the mental health field.This article investigates what happens when a new policy is introduced that assumes complex co-operation of two organisations bestowed with high degrees of discretion. The process of institutionalisation will be analysed in terms of how an idea is translated and materialised on local levels. This has been investigated by interviewing key informants within psychiatric and social services at three different locations.The implementation was perceived as relatively successful and occurred without major conflict. The main effect of the new legislation was improvement in the coordination of services, where designing a template form for a coordinated care plan was central. The inter-organisational discussions about service coordination that arose had a spill-over effect on services for other patient groups.In essence, respondents describe CCC as a pedagogical reform to promote the coordination of services, rather than a reform to increase coercive powers over patients. This raises concerns about the legitimacy of the reform.

scholarly journals Migration and Development Organizations: The Diversification of Civil Society in Spain

Two Homelands ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Lacomba ◽  
Mourad Aboussi
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
International Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Migration And Development ◽  
The Way

The conjunction between the last few decades’ public policy changes and the impact of the growth of immigration in Spain has had a transformative effect on the third sector. The government trend toward outsourcing the management of international development cooperation programs and social services has shifted much of the state’s responsibility onto the shoulders of civil society organizations. The context has subjected them to tensions and changes in the way they take action and the way they are organized. This article, based on two research projects, explores the adaptations and new forms of relationships among the main actors involved in the field of migration and development.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL AND IN CARPATHIAN REGION OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
Ruslan Zhylenko
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Services ◽  
National Level ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
The Impact

The study aims to compare CSOs at the national and regional (Ukrainian part of Carpathian Euroregion) levels for possible disparities. It is mainly based on the results of secondary analysis of available official statistical and fiscal data, as well as those published in the study reports. In particular, there were analyzed the Bulletins «Activity of the Civic Associations in Ukraine» and «Indicators of United State Registry of the Companies and Organizations of Ukraine» published by the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and its regional departments during 2014-2018. Also the quantitative results of studies done by National Institute for Strategic Studies, Corestone Group and GfK Ukraine, CCC Creative Center, and other institutions were examined. Relevance to the problem of research and its regional boundaries has been employed as a main selection criterion for the secondary data used. Civil society organizations (CSOs) perform exceptional role in providing social services to the inhabitants of the Carpathian region of Western Ukraine. However, they operate in a certain environment significantly influencing respectively their sustainability and capacity to offer high quality services. Obviously, the impact of environment differs regionally, creating unequal opportunities for organizations working in diverse parts of the country. This study aimed to compare CSOs at the national and regional (Ukrainian part of Carpathian Euroregion) levels for possible disparities. The author used secondary analysis of available official statistical and fiscal data, as well as data published in the study reports. He argues that despite actually the same legal, fiscal, and political environment, there are remarkable disparities between CSOs at the national and regional levels. These discrepancies are less evident regarding number and type of operating organizations, their fields of activity but are more significant in respect to available funding and its sources, budgets, staff involved, and environment for philanthropy.

Problemi di governance. Network associativi e debolezze strutturali delle associazioni di migranti

2013 ◽  
pp. 71-100
Author(s):  
Matteo Bassoli
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
General Hypothesis ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
Political Opportunities ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Governance Network ◽  
Migrant Associations

The article assesses the role of civil society organisations in the governance framework. It looks at the migrant associations in Milan, their characteristics and their network to interpret the so-called crowding-out effect by autochthonous promigrant organisations in the provision of social services. The general hypothesis, building on the well-known governance literature, is that in the last decades public authorities while shifting towards more open decision making processes in other fields, did not follow the same approach for the migrant policies for specific reasons: both internal (such as political will) and external (migrant associations weaknesses). The article, using a network analysis approach, depicts the societal configuration created by the migrant associations in Milan to show that more factors are at game in the process of political isolation. Indeed, if the political support is completely absent, as typical of non-ethnicised societies, the civil society weakness has to be tracked back to three different aspects: the organisational fragilities, the geographic- based components of migrants associations and the multiple and confounding accesses that public authorities grants to migrant associations. The migrant civil society as a whole is thus isolated from public authorities unable to fully empower its constituency and to promote political activation in a context of small political opportunities structure. Nonetheless the most central actors within the migrant network are those able to actively cooperate with public institutions.

Social Management: China Goes beyond Maintaining Social Stability

2013 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 36-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei SHAN
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Flexible Control ◽  
Regime Stability ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Social Management ◽  
Social Sectors

The Chinese government has expanded efforts to maintain regime stability with a recently developed strategy of “social management.” It is a modification of the existing “maintaining stability” system which has turned out to be incompetent and socioeconomically costly. This new strategy attempts to manage growing civil society with provision of social services, more flexible control of various social sectors and new policy of social organisations.

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