scholarly journals Beyond Contemporary Civilizational Crisis of the Human Being and the Humanities. A Chiara Lubich's Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wielecki
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cancerous Mass

Abstract In this article, I discuss the nature, causes and effects of the crisis of civilization which we can observe for over forty years. This crisis affects social order, with its economic, institutional and demographic dimensions, as well as the culture and the social structure. Here, I am particularly dealing with the question of human person and their relations with others, as well as the humanities. I show globalization, the growth of cancerous mass culture and secularization as a background of the crisis of civilization. In this context, I try to show the importance of Chiara Lubich and her work.

The Eighteenth-Century Social Order in Surat: A Reply and an Excursus on the Riots of 1788 and 1795

1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
The Social

The Banias of eighteenth-century Surat, whom Michelguglielmo Torri earlier treated with indifference if not innocence, have invited his wrath since they were brought into focus by the publication of my essay on the Banias and the Surat riot of 1795. In his ‘rejoinder’ to my article, he seeks to wish away their existence altogether (to him there was no specific Bania community, the term merely signifying traders of all communities engaged in the profession of brokerage), and seeks to provide what he regards as an ‘alternative’ explanation of the Muslim–Bania riot of 1795. the Muslim-Bania riot of 1795. It shall be my purpose in this reply to show that his alternative explanation is neither an alternative nor even an explanation, and is based on a basic confusion in his mind about the Banias as well as the principal sources of tension in the social structure of Surat. I shall treat two main subjects in this reply to his misdirected criticisms. First, I shall present some original indigenous material as well as European documentation to further clarify the identity, position and role of the Banias, whom Irfan Habib in a recent article has identified as the most important trading group in the trading world of seventeenth and eighteenth-century India. It is also my purpose to show how the social order of Surat operated under stress by presenting some archival material, the existence of which Torri seems to be completely unaware of, on the Parsi-Muslim riot of 1788.

scholarly journals Long White Procession: Social Order and Liberation in a Religious Ritual

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Rachel Sharaby
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Religious Ritual ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hierarchic Structure ◽  
And Control

The Seged is a pilgrimage holiday celebrated by the Jews of Ethiopia on 29 November. Its purpose is to reconstruct a renewal of the covenant between the Jewish People and God in Jerusalem and at Sinai and to strengthen their religious belief. The research is based on a qualitative research method and uses interviews with religious priests and members of Ethiopian communities. The findings show that normative communitas was created during the Seged, which afforded expression for the solidarity of the Jewish community and strengthened their identity as a minority group in a multi-national culture. The hierarchic structure remained, and I did not find evidence for competition and conflict. The liminality in the Seged encouraged a different reality, of undermined routine, but also continuity of the social structure and control by the elite. The reflectance of the social structure also shows that contrary to the model presented by Victor Turner, the communitas created during the Seged was normative from the onset and did not develop over the course of the holiday.

scholarly journals The new social inequality. From middle class society to bipolar society

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-34
Author(s):  
N. L. Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Class Society ◽  
Structuralist Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Type

The article analyzes the social transformations that have taken place in societies at the turn of the XXI century. These transformations are largely due to formation of radical inequality which is known now both in practice and theory as “1% economy”.The article demonstrates that adequate understanding of this new type of social inequality is possible only under the condition of change in methodological approach. Contstructivist approach should be given up in favour of structuralist approach. The structuralist approach makes it possible to view the new social inequality as an objective social process as the social structure of a new type of society. This social structure and social order determine social chances and life conditions of individuals.New radical social inequality gives rise to a new type of contemporary society. The bipolar society replaces the mass middle class society of the second half of the XX century. The bipolar society may be graphically presented as a pyramid with a truncated top and a broad social bottom.The article shows the processes and mechanisms that are forming this broad social bottom. This makes it possible to conceptualize the new social lower class as an axial central component in the structure of contemporary bipolar societies. In this function it has replaced the middle class.

scholarly journals Taming Egoism: Adam Smith on Empathy, Imagination and Justice

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Czarnecka
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Impartial Spectator ◽  
Social Morality ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Interest

I argue that the construction of the social order, as shown by Adam Smith in The Theory of Moral Sentiments, depends on people’s ability to tame their inborn egoism. According to the philosopher’s anthropological assumptions a human being learns through life experiences how to control his self- interest so that it does not threaten societal existence. During socialization, a human being – still an egoist to some extent – continues role-playing by the use of the psychological mechanisms of empathy and imagination. As a result he develops sympathy, at first, as a reaction to real people’s emotions experienced in a particular context. Finally, he naturally and more and more unconsciously takes under consideration the perspective of an impartial spectator. The gradually developing process brings about consequences that improve social morality, such as control over the expression of intense emotions, which is a condition for experiencing emotional harmony, or a refrain from pursuing one’s self-interest at the expense of someone else, so as not to become a subject of social contempt. One should also bear in mind that none of these consequences was carefully planned in advance nor purposefully executed.

scholarly journals The education during the announcement period of republic within the construction and trnsformation period

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mehmet Bozaslan ◽  
Emel Çokoğullar
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Education System ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Change Transformation

Every society is bound to struggle to create the conditions and mechanisms in convenient with the own life experience within the historical perspective. This struggle aims to provide the social order or change the existing social structure. The institution of education becomes the primary actor of changing in line with shaping the individual targets. After the establishment of the Republic in 1923, the education system has been reorganized and determined its own principles in order to enhance the mission of social change, transformation and construction. Therefore, the education system has transformed into a mixed, compulsory, rationalist and secular character and hence the interruption has been witnessed with the creating of new social structure by liberating from the traditional forms.Keywords: the announcement of republic, transformation, education, construction, social structure

scholarly journals A falta que faz um rabo – ou a origem protética do humano / When a Tail is Missing – Or the Prosthetic Human Being Origin

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Josué Borges de Araújo Godinho
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scene Analysis ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Domination ◽  
The One ◽  
Human Flesh

Resumo: Este texto parte de uma tentativa de aproximação de duas escrituras. De um lado, a de uma literatura pensante, nas palavras de Evando Nascimento, que é o Grande sertão: veredas; de outro, a escritura derridiana que, no pensamento da desconstrução, aponta possibilidades heterodoxas de interpretação da tradição. O escopo está na análise da cena de devoração de um macaco que era homem, no que se traça um paradoxo na escritura rosiana. Em paralelo a análises feitas por Derrida de cenas de devoração (simbólica ou não) de carne e de carne humana, as quais fazem parte de uma tradição “falogocêntrica” do Ocidente e traçam um imperativo da estrutura de dominação social, analisa-se a cena rosiana como inscrição problematizadora da tradição que associa determinados atos de comer à constituição essencialmente definidora do que é o ser humano dominante. Derrida afirma, em “Il fault bien manger”, que a estrutura social humana pressupõe e exige a ingestão “não criminosa” do cadáver, mesmo do cadáver humano. A cena rosiana, entretanto, insere-se como uma punção aterradora na estrutura social do sujeito humano, pois, ao passo que encerra o gesto estruturador das configurações de virilidade e humanidade, encerra também o gesto destruidor dos próprios do homem.Palavras-chave: violência; alimento; devoração; ex-apropriação.Abstract: We based on an attempt to approach two writings. On the one hand, a thoughtful literature piece, in the words of Evando Nascimento: Grande sertão: veredas; on the other hand, the Derridian writing that, in a deconstructed thought, points out heterodox possibilities of tradition interpretation. The scope is on the scene analysis in which a monkey - which was actually a man - is being devoured. Such situation draws a paradox in the Rosian writing. In parallel, Derrida’s analysis of devouring meat or human flesh scenes (symbolic or not), are both part of the West’s “phallogocentric” tradition. They draw an imperative of the social domination structure and the Rosian scene is analyzed as a problematizing inscription of the tradition that associates certain eating acts with the essentially defining constitution of what is the dominant human being. Derrida states in “Il fault bien manger” that the human social structure assumes and requires the “non-criminal ingestion of the corpse”, even the human one. The Rosian scene, however, comes out as a terrifying puncture in the social structure of the human subject, since, while enclosing the structuring gesture of virility and manhood configurations, it also contains the destructive gesture of human essence.Keywords: violence; food; devouring; ex-appropriation.

scholarly journals The Significance of Metaphysical Presuppositions in Yoruba Punitive System

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
Adebayo Aina
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Within the notion of punishment in the Yoruba culture, the physical and non-physical aspects of human existence are reconciled to arrive at a justifiable punitive action. The metaphysical presuppositions in Yoruba punitive system reflect a coherent interconnection among social structure, law and belief system for the harmonious human well-being of the individual and the community. Furthermore, the judicious imposition of punitive measures on the offender establishes the significance of attributing responsibility for every human action without antagonism and animosity. Nevertheless, the offender, within the tradition, is restitutively reconciled with himself, the victim and the community at large. The social order based on these principles creates and modifies the contemporary understanding of penology and penal practice.

scholarly journals What Makes People Good or Bad? (Mis)Anthropological Essay on Searching for Social/ Cultural Reasons on Judging the Other People

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Bojan Žikić
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
Significant Tendency ◽  
The Social ◽  
Personal Experiences

The aim of this paper is to discuss thinking of people which is informed by culture, social institutions and personal experiences, and which shows significant tendency not to operate in simply binary mode when it is about people from somebody’s imminent social surrounding. Two examples are presented form the nowadays Belgrade. It is argued that at least people of this particular social context, who tend to deploy more nuances in the judging on and labelling their neighbours seen as bringing some kind of disruption of the social order then to those people they think as of generic categories only, are informed by such social/cultural perspectives on human being which paramount it, but also suggest its capacity for serious wrong doing.

scholarly journals PEMBUANGAN BAYI DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENELANTARAN ANAK

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Airlangga Justitia
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Born Child ◽  
The Social

The act of disposing of a newly born child is obviously a criminal offense, since this act does not necessarily reflect the humanism side of the human person. an act which the rule of law is proclaimed as a prohibited act is called a criminal act or it may be referred to as a crime. According to its nature and nature, these criminal acts are unlawful acts. These acts can also harm society, in the sense of contradicting or impeding the implementation of the social order of society that is considered good and fair. There are 3 (three) legal instruments that contain criminal sanctions against the perpetrators of the crime of infant / child disposal namely the Criminal Code, Law No. 23 of 2004 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence, and Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection. However, newly born child abusers are still not eliminated, and one of the factors is the lack of conviction of criminal prosecution.

scholarly journals Women in Management Means Women in Power

2016 ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Laurie King-Irani
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Women In Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Power ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Women's Role ◽  
General Topic

At.first glance, the general topic of women in management does not appear especially controversial, revolutionary, or potentially threatening to the established social order. However, a closer examination of Arab women's role in management, as well as a consideration of the social, political and cultural ramifications of women's actual and potential power as decisionmakers, reveals the stirrings of a significant revolution in attitudes, values, and behaviors concerning gender, power and social structure in the Arab world.

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