scholarly journals Consensus statement on safety measures for pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Girardot-Miglierina ◽  
Daniel Clerc ◽  
Mohammad Alyami ◽  
Laurent Villeneuve ◽  
Olivia Sgarbura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Practice ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Peritoneal Cancer ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Outcome Framework ◽  
Promising Treatment ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Objectives Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a promising treatment for peritoneal cancer that entails, however, potential risks for the caregivers in the operating room (OR). This study aimed to reach a consensus within the PIPAC community on a comprehensive safety protocol. Methods Active PIPAC centers were invited to participate in a two-round Delphi process on 43 predefined items: concise summaries of the existing evidence were presented together with questions formulated using the population, intervention, comparator, and outcome framework. According to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation, the strength of recommendation was voted by panelists, accepting a consensus threshold of ≥50% of the agreement for any of the four grading options, or ≥70% in either direction. Results Forty-seven out of 66 invited panelists answered both rounds (response rate 76%). The consensus was reached for 41 out of 43 items (95.3%). Strong and weak recommendations were issued for 30 and 10 items, respectively. A positive consensual recommendation was issued to activate laminar airflow without specific strength, neither strong nor weak. No consensus was reached for systematic glove change for caregivers with a high risk of exposure and filtering facepiece mask class 3 for caregivers with low risk of exposure. Conclusions A high degree of consensus was reached for a comprehensive safety protocol for PIPAC, adapted to the risk of exposure for the different caregivers in the OR. This consensus can serve as a basis for education and help reach a high degree of adherence in daily practice.

Organizations' Relative Degree of Exposure to Selection Discrimination Litigation

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Terpstra ◽  
R. Bryan Kethley
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
Industry Type ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Primary Selection ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Industry Sectors

This study examined nearly 400 federal court cases in which substantive, or primary, selection devices were legally challenged as being discriminatory. The findings indicated that the relative frequency of occurrence of discrimination charges varied for different types of organizations. Some industry sectors and some job types were associated with a much greater risk of exposure to litigation than others. For example, the government sector appeared to have a relatively high degree of exposure to selection discrimination litigation. The findings also indicated that the outcomes of the federal court cases (whether the ruling was for the defendant/employer or for the plaintiff) varied by industry type, job type, and type of discrimination charge. Specific recommendations are offered to organizations that operate in high risk industry sectors, and that have high risk job types, with an eye toward reducing the possibility of litigation.

scholarly journals Toxicological and ecotoxicological pressure due to pesticide use in Sancti Spíritus, Cuba

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. e0305
Author(s):  
Edelbis López-Dávila ◽  
Michael Houbraken ◽  
Jasmine De Rop ◽  
Gijs Du Laing ◽  
Osvaldo Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Personal Protection Equipment ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Synthetic Pesticide ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Risk Of Exposure

Aim of study: To quantify the toxicity and ecotoxicological pressure of pesticides in Sancti Spíritus province, Cuba, between 2011 and 2014.Material and methods: A longitudinal descriptive study was designed for the study period, to identify potential risks to the environment and human health associated with the use of pesticides. In order to determine the toxicity and ecotoxicity of pesticide use, ƩSeq (Spread equivalents), POCER (Pesticide Occupational and Environmental Risk) indicator, and the Toxic Load (TL) methodology of the Plant Health Cuban Institute were used.Main results: Corresponding to 62 chemical families, 124 active ingredients were applied in the province during the study period. Organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, inorganic compounds (such as copper), dithiocarbamates, aryloxyphenoxypropionates, neonicotinoids, sulfonylurea, triazoles, and organochlorines predominated due to their frequency of use. Use of toxic-pesticides, lack of personal protection equipment amount others made workers, residents and applicators the toxicological modules with the highest risk of exposure. From the POCER results we found that aquatic organisms, persistence, and groundwater are the modules with the highest ecotoxicological pressure.Research highlights: With the use of the POCER indicator as well as ƩSeq, a more accurate assessment of toxicity and ecotoxicity from certain pesticide can be done instead of the TL equation currently used in Cuba. In addition substitution of the most toxic pesticides by less toxic ones could help to reduce synthetic pesticide pressure on humans and the environment. This study can help to develop policies and management practices to reduce the hazards of synthetic pesticide use in Cuba.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Low Cycle Fatigue Performance of Selective Laser Melted Titanium Alloy Ti–6Al–4V

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Allen Naihui He ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Kaifei Zhang ◽  
Junjie Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Material Fatigue ◽  
Lower Strain ◽  
High Degree

The material of Ti–6Al–4V has been widely applied in various industries, such as automobile, aerospace, and medical due to its high specific strength, superior thermal stability and strong corrosion resistance. In the recent decades, selective laser melting (SLM) has become an attractive method to fabricate Ti–6Al–4V parts, thanks to its significant advantages in low material consumption, the high degree of freedom in design, low carbon footprint, etc. Predictability of SLM material fatigue properties is especially important for the safety-critical structures under dynamic load cases. The present research is aimed at evaluating the low cycle fatigue (LCF) performance of SLM Ti–6Al–4V under high loading states. LCF tests were performed for as-built and annealed SLM Ti–6Al–4V. Comparison between LCF properties of SLM Ti–6Al–4V and the wrought Ti–6Al–4V was also made. It was found that as-built SLM Ti–6Al–4V demonstrated a comparable LCF performance with the wrought material. The LCF life of as-built SLM Ti–6Al–4V was longer than that of wrought Ti–6Al–4V at lower strain amplitudes. However, the wrought Ti–6Al–4V had better LCF performance at higher strain amplitudes. The results revealed that the porosity in the as-built SLM material exerted much more impact on the degradation of the material at high strain amplitudes. Annealing deteriorated the LCF performance of SLM Ti–6Al–4V material due to the formation of coarser grains. The cyclic Ramberg–Osgood and the Basquin–Coffin–Manson models were fitted to depict the cyclic stress–strain and the strain–life curves for the SLM Ti–6Al–4V, based on which the LCF performance parameters were determined. In addition, the fatigue fracture surfaces were observed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the results indicated that fatigue cracks originated from the surface or subsurface defects.

BTS guideline on long-term macrolides in adults with respiratory disease: not quite a panacea

Thorax ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Guideline Development ◽  
British Thoracic Society ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Evaluation Approach ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Potential Risks

The British Thoracic Society (BTS) guideline on the use of long-term macrolides in adults with respiratory disease has been published. It indicates where there is evidence to support the use of long-term low-dose macrolides and where there is not. It discusses the potential benefits of such therapy for patients and also describes the potential risks to individuals and wider populations. It seeks to provide a pragmatic approach for clinicians considering long-term macrolide therapy for their patients. This guideline has also acted as a learning exercise for the BTS in introducing the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to guideline development, which will be used going forwards.

scholarly journals COVID-19 infection across workplace settings in Qatar: a comparison of COVID-19 positivity rates of screened workers from March 1st until July 31st, 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari ◽  
Asma Ali Al-Nuaimi ◽  
Jazeel Abdulmajeed ◽  
Sandy Semaan ◽  
Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Wholesale Trade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
The North ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Workplace Setting

Abstract Introduction COVID-19 transmission was significant amongst Qatar’s working population during the March–July 2020 outbreak. The study aimed to estimate the risk of exposure for COVID-19 across various workplace settings and demographics in the State of Qatar. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing surveillance data of all workplaces with 10 or more laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19. These workplaces were categorized using a mapping table adapted from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes, 2017 version. The data was then analyzed to estimate and compare the positivity rate as an indicator of the risk of developing COVID-19 infection across various workplace settings in the State of Qatar. Results The highest positivity rate was reported amongst the Construction & Related (40.0%) and the Retail & Wholesale Trade sectors (40.0%), whereas, the lowest positivity rate was attributed to the healthcare workplace setting (11.0%). The highest incidence of COVID-19 infections occurred in South Asian nationalities and in the male gender. The private funded sector employees have seen higher positivity rate than employees of the governmental funded sector. Conclusion The elevated risk of infection in Construction and Retail & Wholesale Trade is probably due to environmental and educational vulnerabilities. The predominant labor force of those workplace categories is South Asian craft and male manual workers. Alternatively, the better containment of the healthcare workplace setting can be attributed to the enforcement of infection control and occupational safety measures. These findings imply the importance of using preventive and surveillance strategies for high-risk workplace settings appropriately.

Human errors as a factor of production risk in the mining industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
O. V. Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Human Factor ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Production Risk ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Main Production ◽  
High Degree

In modern conditions, improving the safety and efficiency of mining enterprises is impossible without assessing organizational risks. The existing huge knowledge base that has been accumulated by the practice of mining and research in mining science allows designing mining enterprises with a high degree of protection against dangerous and harmful factors for its personnel, but does not ensure safety from the influence of the human factor itself. To solve the scientific problem of ensuring the safety of the main production processes of mining, scientists at the time developed the classification of human errors. This article discusses the most widely used classification of personnel errors. The main types are errors and violations. Studying the identified errors, by management levels and at workplaces related to the human factor, helps to develop the necessary safety measures when assessing organizational risks. And also to increase the efficiency of work, it is necessary to solve the corresponding problems, which are to determine the role of the human factor and identify the main mistakes of staff.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Infection Across Workplace Settings in Qatar, a Comparison of COVID-19 Positivity Rates of Screened Workers From March 1st Until July 28th, 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al Kuwari ◽  
Asma Al Nuaimi ◽  
Jazeel AbdulMajeed ◽  
sandy semaan ◽  
Hamad Al Romaihi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Wholesale Trade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
The North ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Workplace Setting

Abstract IntroductionCOVID-19 transmission was significant amongst Qatar’s working population during the March-July 2020 outbreak. The study aimed to estimate the risk of exposure for COVID-19 across various workplace settings in the State of Qatar. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing surveillance data of all workplaces with ten or more laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19. These workplaces were categorized using a mapping table adapted from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes 2017 version. The data was then analyzed to estimate and compare the positivity rate as an indicator of the risk of developing COVID-19 infection across various workplace settings in the State of Qatar. ResultsThe highest positivity rate was reported amongst the Construction (40.3%) and the Retail & Wholesale Trade sectors (40.3%) whereas, the lowest positivity rate was attributed to the healthcare workplace setting (11.0%). The private funded sector employees had higher positivity rates than employees of the governmental funded sector. ConclusionThe elevated risk of infection amongst screened workers in Construction and Retail & Wholesale Trade was probably due to Environmental and Educational vulnerabilities. On the other hand, the better containment within healthcare workplace settings can be attributed to the enforcement of infection control and occupational safety measures. These findings underline the importance of appropriately using preventive and surveillance strategies for high-risk workplace settings to mitigate the risk of infection.

scholarly journals Ear, Nose, and Throat Practice Guidelines: An Update for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. e621-e627
Author(s):  
Sahil Kapoor ◽  
Ayushi Gupta ◽  
Poonam Kumar Saidha
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level ◽  
Regular Practice ◽  
Nose And Throat

Abstract Introduction Amidst another wave of COVID-19, the alarming number of cases per day in India has affected the healthcare system and professionals tremendously. As the disease burden continues to increase, ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists remain at high risk of exposure to this aerosol borne virus. This requires the creation and regulation of protocols for conducting routine clinical practice, especially by ENT specialists. Objectives To review the available literature and to propose strategies and recommendations for ENT practitioners to conduct their regular practice amidst this pandemic. Data synthesis A systematic review of the available literature on ENT practice during the COVID-19 pandemic was done. Out of the many protocols proposed in various studies, the most practical and feasible ones that could be adopted by practicing ENT doctors/ surgeons in the long run were selected. Adequate precautions and use of high level of personal protective equipment (PPE) is required to be adopted by all practicing ENT doctors. Use of teleconsultation has been promoted as it limits face-to-face exposure. Proper guidelines should be followed for both emergency and elective surgeries. Endoscopy can be used as a safe and useful tool for ENT examination. Conclusion As practicing otorhinolaryngologists, it is of utmost importance that we take all necessary precautions and adopt safety measures in our clinical practice while conducting out patient department (OPD) consultations, operative procedures, and emergency care to protect our patients, ourselves, and other healthcare staff during this time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document