Effect of functional nitrile groups on curing behaviors and thermal properties of epoxy resins as advanced matrix materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Guo ◽  
Jiandong Zhang ◽  
Zhiran Chen ◽  
Junji Wei ◽  
Rui Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Rheological Analysis ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
Epoxy Blends

AbstractThis paper reports the preparation of the amine/epoxy blends with various amines such as 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS), one nitrile side chain-containing diamine (BDB), and phthalonitrile-containing amine (APN). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rheological analysis, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to evaluate the curing behaviors and thermal properties of amine/epoxy blends with the effect of functional nitrile groups of amines. Interestingly, an amine/epoxy blend exhibited double curing reactions. The cured epoxy copolymers exhibited high glass transition temperatures (>220°C) and excellent thermal stabilities having 5% weight loss temperature in the range of 375°C to 383°C.

Synthesis and characterization of poly(arylene ether)s and poly(arylene ether imidazole)s

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
P R McDaniel ◽  
R A Orwoll ◽  
J W Connell
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Neat Resin ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
High Toughness ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Structure Property Relationship

Poly(arylene ether)s, poly(arylene ether imidazole)s and poly(arylene ether coimidazole)s are under investigation as part of a structure/property relationship study. The objective of this study is to identify polymers or copolymers with an attractive combination of properties for use as toughening agents for epoxies. The copolymers are being studied as possible toughness modifiers for epoxy resins because of their high glass transition temperatures, their high toughness and the ability of the active hydrogen on the imidazole moiety to react with the oxirane ring of epoxies. Homopolymers and copolymers were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, thin-film tensile properties and neat resin flexural and toughness properties.

Studies of silicon-containing maleimide polymers. Part II: Synthesis and properties of poly(styrene-co-brominecontaining maleimide).

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiang Chia-Yu ◽  
Tsai Ruey-Shi ◽  
Shu Wei-Jye
Keyword(s):  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Nonlinear Least Squares ◽  
Reactivity Ratio ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Reactivity Ratios ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures

AbstractSoluble copolymers of a series of bromine-containing (N-maleimido phenoxy) silane (BMS) monomers with styrene (St) were synthesized by radical polymerization in toluene using 2,2’-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The comonomer reactivity ratios were calculated by the conventional Fineman-Ross and Kelen-Tüdos methods and a nonlinear least-squares Tidwell-Mortimer method. The glass transition temperatures (Tg’s) and thermal degradation of copolymers were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively. The introduction of silane side-chain into maleimide (MI) monomers changed the comonomer reactivity ratio with styrene from alternating to azeotropic copolymerization. The curves of Tg’s versus the different compositions of the above synthesized St-BMS copolymers matched a modified Tg’s equation as a increase in the effect of weight ratio on alternating-segment, and an S-shaped curve of deviation in comparison with the Fox’s equation. The MIsegments within these copolymers exhibited a good compatibility and, the flame retardancy of polystyrene could be enhanced via the introduction of Si/Brcontaining maleimide.

Effect of chemical treatment on thermal properties of bagasse fiber-reinforced epoxy composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varun Mittal ◽  
Shishir Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Bagasse Fiber ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

AbstractThe present paper deals with a study of the thermal properties of bagasse fiber (BF)-reinforced epoxy composites. BFs are subjected to untreated and chemical treatments with 1% sodium hydroxide followed by 1% acrylic acid at ambient temperature before the composites are made. The thermal stability of the components was studied by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, as well as by differential thermal gravimetric analysis. Thermal analysis results of untreated BF-reinforced epoxy composite were compared with treated BF-reinforced epoxy composite. The chemical treatment of BF induces reasonable changes in the thermal stability of the polymer composites.

Sequential Modification of ADMET Polyketone via Oxime Chemistry and Electrophilic Alkoxyetherification

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Rong Zeng ◽  
Qi-Lin Zhu ◽  
Zi-Long Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Functional Polymers ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Acyclic Diene Metathesis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Complete Conversion ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Admet Polymerization

Post-polymerization modification is a facile and efficient method for the generation of diverse functional polymers. Herein, polymer-based molecular arrays were obtained by using sequential modification. First, periodic polyketone P0 was synthesized via acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization of α,ω-diene M0. Oxime chemistry was employed in the functionalization of the ketone moieties of P0 using three commercially available alkoxyamine hydrochlorides. Finally, electrophilic alkoxyetherification, a four-component reaction, was employed in the modification of alkene groups on polymer main chains using N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), tetrahydrofuran, and fluorinated carboxylic acid. Complete conversion of reactive sites was observed in both steps, and the two modification reactions exhibited excellent compatibility. The thermal properties of the polymers as thermal stability, and glass transition and melting behaviours were investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

The influence of adding long basalt fiber on the mechanical and thermal properties of composites based on poly(oxymethylene)

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrycja Bazan ◽  
Stanisław Kuciel ◽  
Mariola Sądej
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Atr Spectroscopy

The work has evaluated the possibility of the potential reinforcing of poly(oxymethylene) (POM) by basalt fibers (BFs) and influence of BFs addition on thermal properties. Two types of composites were produced by injection molding. There were 20 and 40 wt% long BFs content with an average length of 1 mm. The samples were made without using a compatibilizer. In the experimental part, the basic mechanical properties (tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, strain at break, flexural modulus, flexural strength, and deflection at 3.5% strain) of composites based on POM were determined. Tensile properties were also evaluated at three temperatures −20°C, 20°C, and 80°C. The density and Charpy impact of the produced composites were also examined. The influence of water absorption on mechanical properties was investigated. Thermal properties were conducted by the differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, and fourier transform infrared (FTIR)-attenuation total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy analysis. In order to make reference to the effects of reinforcement and determine the structure characteristics, scanning electron microscopy images were taken. The addition of 20 and 40 wt% by weight of fibers increases the strength and the stiffness of such composites by more than 30–70% in the range scale of temperature. Manufactured composites show higher thermal and dimensional stability in relation to neat POM.

Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Multi-Generations Hyperbranched Polyurethane Based on Isophorone Diisocyanate

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 126-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Yin ◽  
Ning Sun ◽  
Chun Yun Feng ◽  
Zhi Mou Wu ◽  
Zhao Hua Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Isophorone Diisocyanate ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Hyperbranched Polyurethane

A series of different generation hyperbranched polyurethane(HBPU) was synthesized based on the raw materials of isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI) and diethanolamine(DEOA). Their structure, thermal degradation mechanism and glass transition temperature(Tg) were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR), thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The results showed that: the yield of each generation HBPU was up to 90%, different generation HBPU had almost the same initial degradation temperature(about at 200°C) and they all had two decomposition platforms; with the increase of generation, Tg increased from 107.2°C to 132.1°C. The gloss and hardness of the HBPU coatings were significantly improved.

scholarly journals The Thermal Properties of Polyurethane/Neoprene Blends on Prosthetic Foot

2020 ◽  
Vol 990 ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Mohd Zulkifli Mohamad Noor ◽  
Mohamad Anas Mohd Azmi ◽  
Mohd Shaiful Zaidi Mad Desa ◽  
Mohd Bijarimi Mat Piah ◽  
Azizan Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Prosthetic Foot ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
New Material ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Neoprene reinforced polymer has become an attraction in current research and development of new material blend. In this invention, neoprene was chosen to be enhance to polyurethane because of their superior properties that possess extraordinary mechanical, electrical, optical and thermal properties on prosthetic foot. In this research, polyurethane was chosen due to good rigidity, easy processing and low cost. The reinforcement polyurethane with neoprene is expected to improve the properties of polyurethane. The objective of this research was conducted to investigate the effect of neoprene contents on thermal properties of polyurethane reinforced neoprene on prosthetic foot. The effect of neoprene on thermal properties neoprene reinforced polyurethane was analysed in term of its thermal stability by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, the visual of small topographic details on the surface of polyurethane/neoprene blends will be examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on result, the thermal properties show the great enhancement at high neoprene contents which is 1.0wt%. The thermal stability of polyurethane reinforced neoprene improves when the temperature where decomposition starts to occurs are higher than decomposition temperature of pure polyurethane. Then, thermal conductivity of polyurethane shows the great improvement after the addition of neoprene. Lastly, the smooth surface and visible of sheets pattern on surface represent the present of neoprene disperse into polymer that enhance brittleness. Thus, the presence of neoprene has clearly enhanced the thermal stability of the polyurethane. Table 1 shows formulation of neoprene and polyurethane.

scholarly journals Fully Biobased Epoxy Resins from Fatty Acids and Lignin

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Ortiz ◽  
Richard Vendamme ◽  
Walter Eevers
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Present System ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Commodity Chemicals ◽  
Epoxidized Linseed Oil

The use of renewable resources for plastic production is an imperious need for the reduction of the carbon footprint and the transition towards a circular economy. With that goal in mind, fully biobased epoxy resins have been designed and prepared by combining epoxidized linseed oil, lignin, and a biobased diamine derived from fatty acid dimers. The aromatic structures in lignin provide hardness and strength to an otherwise flexible and breakable epoxy resin. The curing of the system was investigated by infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The influence of the different components on the thermo-mechanical properties of the epoxy resins was analyzed by DSC, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and tensile tests. As the content of lignin in the resin increases, so does the glass transition, the Young’s modulus, and the onset of thermal degradation. This correlation is non-linear, and the higher the percentage of lignin, the more pronounced the effect. All the components of the epoxy resin being commodity chemicals, the present system provides a realistic opportunity for the preparation of fully biorenewable resins at an industrial scale.

Synthesis and Properties of New Poly( Amide-Imide)s Based on Imide Dicarboxylic Acid

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1722-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Chen ◽  
Qing Kang Zheng ◽  
Zhen Bao Li ◽  
Xin Lei Wang ◽  
Jian Wu Lan
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Diphenyl Ether ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Trimellitic Anhydride ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Cast Films

Two kinds of imide dicarboxylic acid monomers, 4,4'-bis(trimellitimido) diphenyl ether Ⅰ and p-trimellitimido-benzoic acid Ⅱ were successfully synthesized from 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether and p-aminobenzoic acid with trimellitic anhydride respectively.and used to synthesize a series of new aromatic poly(amide-imide)s (PAIs) by the tri-phenyl phosphite-activated polycondensation method. The preparation of PAIs was carried out using triphenyl phosphate and pyridine symtem. The PAIs had inherent viscosities of 0.55–1.46 dL g-1. PAI films were obtained by casting their N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solution. Their cast films had tensile strengths ranging from 37.4 to 83.9 MPa. The glass-transition temperatures (measured by differential scanning calorimetry) were in the range of 265-310°C. According to thermogravimetric analysis, the polymers were fairly stable up to temperature around 420°C, and 10% weight losses in the temperature range of 474-550°C in nitrogen, that showed good thermal stabilities of these polymers.

Synthesis and thermal stability studies of polyaniline/silver nanocomposite based on reduction of silver ions using polyaniline

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 513-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Ghorbani ◽  
Mohammad Soleimani Lashkenari ◽  
Hossein Eisazadeh
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Gravimetric ◽  
Stability Studies ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Chemical Polymerization ◽  
Silver Nanocomposite

This study investigated the preparation and properties of polyaniline/silver (PAn/Ag2O) nanocomposite in aqueous media by chemical polymerization of aniline in the presence of ammonium peroxydisulphate as an oxidant. The products were investigated in terms of morphology, chemical structure, thermal stability and thermal degradation using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. The results indicated that the properties of products were dependent on the nanocomposite structure.

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