scholarly journals Applying the coagulation and reverse osmosis for water recovery from evaporative water

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Magdalena M. Michel ◽  
Lidia Reczek ◽  
Tadeusz Siwiec ◽  
Piotr Rudnicki
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Evaporative Water ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
A Value ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Applying the coagulation and reverse osmosis for water recovery from evaporative water. Evaporative water from the concentration of yeast slurry is a potential raw material for water recovery. It is characterized by low pH (4.6-6.3), increased turbidity (3.65-13.7 NTU), and high content of total organic carbon (356-754 mg/L). Its treatment in the volume coagulation process using NaOH and coagulant PIX 111, was studied. Water turbidity was lowered to a value below 1 NTU, but coagulation did not allow for the removal of organic compounds. Coagulation was effective at temperatures of 20 and 40°C. Pretreatment of the feed water for RO included alkalization, coagulation, sedimentation, and 5 μm fine filtration (variant I), as well as single 5 μm fine filtration (variant II as a blank). In variant I the feed with improved properties was achieved. Membrane filtration allowed for effective desalination of evaporative water, 98 and 73% conductivity retention was obtained, depending on the method of the feed pre-treatment. The organic compounds were removed less efficiently, at 94 and 84%, respectively.

Forward osmosis for the treatment of reverse osmosis concentrate from water reclamation: process performance and fouling control

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2431-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kazner ◽  
S. Jamil ◽  
S. Phuntsho ◽  
H. K. Shon ◽  
T. Wintgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Liquid Discharge ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
A Minor

While high quality water reuse based on dual membrane filtration (membrane filtration or ultrafiltration, followed by reverse osmosis) is expected to be progressively applied, treatment and sustainable management of the produced reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) are still important issues. Forward osmosis (FO) is a promising technology for maximising water recovery and further dewatering ROC so that zero liquid discharge is produced. Elevated concentrations of organic and inorganic compounds may act as potential foulants of the concentrate desalting system, in that they consist of, for example, FO and a subsequent crystallizer. The present study investigated conditions under which the FO system can serve as concentration phase with the focus on its fouling propensity using model foulants and real ROC. Bulk organics from ROC consisted mainly of humic acids (HA) and building blocks since wastewater-derived biopolymers were retained by membrane filtration or ultrafiltration. Organic fouling of the FO system by ROC-derived bulk organics was low. HA was only adsorbed moderately at about 7% of the initial concentration, causing a minor flux decline of about 2–4%. However, scaling was a major impediment to this process if not properly controlled, for instance by pH adjustment or softening.

Assessment of a roughing filtration as a pre-treatment for slow sand filtration of canal water with highly variable feed water turbidity

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yassin ◽  
Nidal Mahmoud ◽  
Kebreab Ghebremichael ◽  
Branislav Petrusevski
Keyword(s):  
Feed Water ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Canal Water ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Slow Sand Filtration ◽  
Pre Treatment

Comparison of sand and membrane filtration as non-chemical pre-treatment strategies for pesticide removal with nanofiltration/low pressure reverse osmosis membranes

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof P. Kowalski ◽  
Henrik T. Madsen ◽  
Erik G. Søgaard
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Pesticide Removal ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Uf Membranes

Pilot plant investigations of sand and membrane filtration (microfiltration (MF)/ultrafiltration (UF)/nanofiltration (NF)/low pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO)) have been performed to treat groundwater polluted with pesticides. The results show that simple treatment, with use of aeration and sand filtration or MF/UF membranes, does not remove pesticides. However, by reducing the content of key foulants, the techniques can be used as a pre-treatment for nanofiltration and low pressure reverse osmosis that has proved to be capable of removing pesticides. It was found that a lower fouling potential could be obtained by using the membranes, but that sand filter was better at removing manganese and dissolved organic matter. The results indicate that combining aeration, sand filtration and membrane techniques might be a good option for pesticide removal without any addition of chemicals and minimized membrane maintenance.

Study of fouling in two-stage reverse osmosis desalination unit operating without an inlet pH adjustment: diagnosis and implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1682-1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Touati ◽  
Mehdi Hila ◽  
Kalthoum Makhlouf ◽  
Hamza Elfil
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
Ph Adjustment ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Desalination

Abstract In the current work, the diagnosis of a reverse osmosis desalination unit is reported. Over the two last decades, the studied desalination unit was supplying a 1,200 bed hotel. The feed water was driven from a well near the sea. The desalination unit has two stages giving an average recovery equal to 81%. The behaviour of all water streams with respect to aggressiveness and scaling tendency was assessed. The second stage reject water was shown to exhibit a very high scaling behaviour with an instantaneous precipitation in the absence of feed water pH adjustment. The analyses have shown that the produced water was very aggressive. The second stage module autopsy has revealed a sharp decrease in the membrane performances because of mineral as well as organic fouling. The inorganic scale was essentially made of coesite, calcite and kaolinite clay. The presence of silica and clay was attributed to an inadequate pre-treatment process, whereas the presence of calcite crystals at the membrane surface reveals that the chemical inhibition performed at the pre-treatment process without adjusting the pH was not able to prevent calcium carbonate precipitation. A periodic acid wash of the second stage membranes is then necessary to guarantee the desired objectives of this stage.

scholarly journals Novel Hole-Pillar Spacer Design for Improved Hydrodynamics and Biofouling Mitigation in Membrane Filtration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan Qamar ◽  
Sarah Kerdi ◽  
Syed Muztuza Ali ◽  
Ho Kyong Shon ◽  
Johannes Vrouwenvelder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Biofilm Thickness ◽  
Feed Pressure ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Critical Components

Abstract Feed spacers are the critical components of any spiral-wound filtration module, dictating the filtration performance. Three spacer designs, namely a non-woven commercial spacer (varying filament cross-section), a symmetric pillar spacer, and a novel hole-pillar spacer (constant filament diameter) were studied using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS), 3-D printed and subsequently experimentally tested in a lab-scale ultrafiltration set-up with high biofouling potential feed water at various feed pressures. Independent of the applied pressure, the novel hole-pillar spacer showed initially the lowest feed channel pressure drop, the lowest shear stress, and the highest permeate flux compared to the commercial and pillar spacers. Furthermore, less biofilm thickness development on membrane surface was visualized by Optical Coherent Tomography (OCT) imaging for the proposed hole-pillar spacer. At higher feed pressure, a thicker biofilm developed on membrane surface for all spacer designs explaining the stronger decrease in permeate flux at high pressure. The findings systematically demonstrated the role of various spacer designs and applied pressure on the performance of pre-treatment process, while identifying specific shear stress distribution guidelines for engineering a new spacer design in different filtration techniques.

scholarly journals Managing the reverse osmosis concentrate from the Western Corridor Recycled Water Scheme

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Solley ◽  
Claire Gronow ◽  
Stephan Tait ◽  
Jon Bates ◽  
Alison Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Nutrient Reduction ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Full Capacity ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The Western Corridor Recycled Water Scheme consists of three advanced water treatment plants (AWTPs), with the combined capacity to recycle 232 ML/d. Each AWTP process consists of pre-treatment, microfiltration (MF), reverse osmosis (RO), UV/peroxide advanced oxidation and chlorination. A key objective of the project is to improve the environmental health of regional waterways, particularly in relation to nutrient discharges. Reverse osmosis processes produce a concentrate stream (ROC), which is the main reject stream of the AWTPs. Options for management of ROC were assessed, and ultimate disposal to nearby waterways was the only feasible option identified. ROC flows for the scheme total 41 ML/d at full capacity, divided between the three AWTPs. The contaminants in this stream are generally 6 to 7 times more concentrated than in the feed water. Environmental risks were identified due to potential increased toxicity associated with these higher concentrations, which were exacerbated due to chlorine and ammonia dosed in the AWTP process. Target ROC contaminants have been identified as nitrogen, phosphorus, ammonia, metals and chlorine. The paper presents the selected toxicity management and nutrient reduction strategies for each AWTP, and the results of full-scale operation to date are also summarised.

Prevention of Biofouling in Industrial RO Systems: Experiences with Peracetic Acid

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W.B.P. van den Broek ◽  
M.J. Boorsma ◽  
H. Huiting ◽  
M.G. Dusamos ◽  
S. van Agtmaal
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Stable Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Damage

Biofouling is the major fouling type occurring in reverse osmosis (RO) plants treating surface water or effluent from a waste water treatment plant. Severe biofouling can result in operational problems, higher energy and chemical consumption and premature membrane replacement. There are different methods to control biofouling. One method is removal of nutrients in the pre-treatment of the membrane filtration plant, another method is periodic removal of biofouling by chemical cleanings or the use of chemicals to prevent biological growth in the RO systems. In this paper the results of experiments with peracetic acid on three different full scale plants are presented. Two of the plants are operated by Evides Industriewater, the third one by Bètawater, a subsidiary company for industry water of Waterleidingmaatschappij Drenthe (WMD). One of the main outcomes is that biofouling can be controlled fully on reverse osmosis (RO) plants with the applied method with a peracetic acid based product (Divosan Activ). If the proper measures are taken to avoid oxidation damage due to transition metals, this method with the environmental friendly product results in a stable process and savings by a significantly reduced CIP interval.

Biofouling control by UV/H2O2 pretreatment for brackish water reverse osmosis process

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1331-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat Lakretz ◽  
Hadas Mamane ◽  
Eli Asa ◽  
Tali Harif ◽  
Moshe Herzberg
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Trace Organic Compounds ◽  
Biofouling Control ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Treatment Step ◽  
Trace Organic ◽  
H2o2 Pretreatment

UV applied with H2O2 is a well-known advanced oxidation process (AOP) for degradation of trace organic compounds. In this study, the UV/H2O2 process was applied as a pre-treatment step to control reverse osmosis biofouling.

scholarly journals Decentralised, small-scale coagulation-membrane treatment of wastewater from metal recycling villages – a case study from Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 2125-2133
Author(s):  
Lan Thu Tran ◽  
Anh Tien Do ◽  
Tuan Hung Pham ◽  
Kim Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Hung Cong Duong
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Metal Recycling ◽  
Beneficial Reuse ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Membrane Treatment

Abstract Effective treatment of wastewaters laden with heavy metals is critical to the sustainable social and economic growth of metal recycling villages in Vietnam. Currently, most wastewaters from metal recycling villages in Vietnam are directly discharged, posing great threats to the environment and human health. In this study, a small-scale combined coagulation-membrane filtration treatment of wastewater collected from a metal recycling village in Vietnam was experimentally investigated. The experimental results manifested the technical viability of the combined coagulation-membrane filtration process for the treatment of the heavily polluted metal recycling wastewater for beneficial reuse. In this combined treatment process, coagulation using ferric chloride (FeCl2) served as a pre-treatment prior to the microfiltration (MF)/reverse osmosis (RO) process. Under the optimised conditions, coagulation at the dosage of 0.2 g FeCl2 per 1,000 ml wastewater removed more than 90% of heavy metals (i.e. most notably including aluminium and chromium) from the wastewater, reducing the aluminium and chromium concentrations in the wastewater from 548.0 to 52.3 mg/L to 32.6 and 1.7 mg/L, respectively. The MF treatment of the wastewater following the coagulation further removed suspended solids and organic matters, rendering the wastewater safe for the subsequent RO filtration with respect to membrane fouling. Given the efficient pre-treatment of coagulation and MF, the RO process at the controlled water recovery of 50% was able to effectively treat the wastewater to potable water.

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