scholarly journals The complex experience of psoriasis related skin pain: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tone Marte Ljosaa ◽  
H. Bondevik ◽  
J.A. Halvorsen ◽  
E. Carr ◽  
A.K. Wahl
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Passive Coping ◽  
Skin Pain

AbstractBackground and aimsPsoriasis is a common chronic skin condition, causing skin lesions with thickened and scaling skin, as well as erythema and inflammation that may involve painful sores, cracks, and pustules. Previously psoriasis was regarded as a painless skin condition. However, over the past decade studies show that skin pain is a frequently reported and bothersome symptom in patients with psoriasis. There is however a lack of rich narratives describing the experience of skin pain in these patients. The aims of this qualitative study were therefore to explore in depth how patients experience psoriasis-related skin pain, and how they deal with it.MethodsThirteen patients with psoriasis were recruited from a dermatology ward and outpatient clinic. One of the investigators (TML) performed individual, semi-structured interviews at an undisturbed room in the hospital. Interviews were thematically analyzed using the method of Systematic Text Condensation as described by Malterud (2012).ResultsThree main themes were identified from the interviews. First, the skin pain experience was complex. Patients used a variety of adjectives and metaphors to describe their pain, and their skin was sensitive to stimuli of every-day activities. Itch was a common cosymptom, and could both mask pain but also cause severe pain due to excessive scratching and damage to the skin. Second, skin pain had a negative impact on patients’ life. Skin pain reduced their physical activity level, impaired their sleep, and made them irritable, depressed, unconcentrated on tasks, as well as withdrawn from other people and social activities. Third, patients dealt with their skin pain in various ways. Although some took action to relieve the pain and distract themselves from pain, most of the patients applied maladaptive and passive coping strategies such as put up with it, avoid painful activities, become fearful or trivialize their pain.ConclusionsThe experience of psoriasis related skin pain is complex. The pain has a major negative impact on patients’ life in terms of physical, emotional, cognitive, and social functions. Patients use a variety of adaptive but most frequently maladaptive coping strategies in order to deal with their skin pain.ImplicationsThis study provides new and in-depth knowledge on psoriasis related skin pain. This information is valuable for further work on pain assessment tools and pain management recommendations customized for skin pain experienced by patients with psoriasis.

scholarly journals ‘I was in control of it from the start’: A qualitative study of men’s experiences of positive adjustment following a heart attack

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1345-1354
Author(s):  
Fran Smith ◽  
Elizabeth Banwell ◽  
Roby Rakhit
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme ◽  
Positive Adjustment ◽  
Interpersonal Factors ◽  
Controllable Factors

A qualitative design was used to explore the experience of positive adjustment following a heart attack. Ten men attending a cardiac rehabilitation programme completed in-depth semi-structured interviews. An overarching theme: ‘I was in control of it from the start’ emerged with six subthemes, relating to intrapersonal and interpersonal factors and processes. The subthemes reflected the importance of identifying controllable versus non-controllable factors and employing adaptive coping strategies.

scholarly journals Novice Teachers’ Challenges and Coping Strategies in Qatari Government Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 118-142
Author(s):  
Shaikha R AL-Naimi ◽  
Michael H Romanowski ◽  
Xiangyun Du
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Novice Teachers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Government Schools ◽  
Professional Challenges ◽  
Active Communication ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Personal Challenges

This study examined the challenges novice teachers encountered in Qatari government schools and the coping strategies they adopt. A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 15 novice teachers during their initial years of teaching. The findings demonstrated that most participants faced several personal challenges and other challenges within and beyond the school. Findings also indicated that these teachers confronted these challenges using various coping strategies. The challenges facing novice teachers include teaching and classroom, government, and administrative, and professional challenges. Novice teachers' coping strategies included individual internal peace strategies, active communication, and changing environment. Finally, based on these findings, suggestions are provided to support novice teachers' long-term success in Qatari government schools or similar contexts.

Ageing in a foreign land: Stressors and coping strategies in the discourse of older adult Spanish speakers in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-23
Author(s):  
Sol Rojas-Lizana ◽  
Marisa Cordella
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Passive Coping ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Future Care ◽  
Foreign Land ◽  
And Coping

Using discourse analysis we explore the connections between ageing and coping in the discourse of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) older Spanish speakers in Australia in relation to the stressor ‘uncertainty about future care’. We examined nineteen semi-structured interviews of CALD seniors living in Brisbane to identify and analyse discursively the coping strategies that they used when talking about future care giving. The results indicate that the participants use active and passive coping strategies to deal with their stressors. The active strategies favour a connection between family members and community support, while the passive strategies show a level of self-protective resignation about what the future holds for them by resorting to religious comfort. Although participants express preference for the way care was provided to older people in their country of origin, they also seem resigned to their children adopting Anglo-Australian customs, and justify this choice as an unavoidable product of cultures in contact.

How consultants determine diagnostic competence in histopathology trainees

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 622-629
Author(s):  
Daniel J Brierley ◽  
Paula M Farthing ◽  
Sandra Zijlstra-Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Diagnostic Competence ◽  
Future Assessment ◽  
Data Process ◽  
Current Assessment ◽  
Assessment Strategies

AimsThis is a qualitative study exploring how consultant histopathologists determine diagnostic competence in their trainees.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with consultants and trainees and analysed using the Framework Method.ResultsFive major themes emerged from the data: process, person, stage of training, trust and time. Within these major themes, there were multiple subthemes which reflect the complex, longitudinal nature of the judgement, as well as the knowledge, skills and attitudes which are most relevant to diagnostic competence. A conceptual framework is proposed to illustrate the judgement ecology, which is supported by anonymised quotes from interview participants.ConclusionsOur study is the first to explore in depth how consultant histopathologists determine diagnostic competence in their trainees. This is particularly important as histopathology is a unique medical specialty for which there is little evidence to support the current assessment strategies during training. The resulting conceptual model and findings from this study may help to form an evidence base to inform future assessment tools in histopathology.

scholarly journals Understanding the Role of Fathers in Children’s Physical Activity: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-547
Author(s):  
Cody D. Neshteruk ◽  
Deborah J. Jones ◽  
Asheley Skinner ◽  
Alice Ammerman ◽  
Deborah F. Tate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Paternal Involvement ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Paternal Parenting ◽  
Foster Father ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity

Background: Parents are influential in supporting children’s physical activity, but relatively little is known about the role of fathers in children’s physical activity. Methods: Semi-structured interviews (n = 24) were conducted with low-active and active fathers of children 3–11 years old. Deductive thematic analysis was used to identify fathers’ physical activity practices and understand how fathers interact with their children around physical activity. Results: All fathers demonstrated coparticipation in physical activity with their children. Other physical activity practices commonly used by fathers included as follows: facilitation of active opportunities, modeling, involvement through coaching or teaching, and encouragement. In addition, fathers viewed physical activity as an opportunity to spend time with their children to bond and develop shared interests. Finally, fathers perceived their role in children’s physical activity to be different compared with mothers. Regarding father activity level, active fathers discussed modeling more frequently and tended to engage in a variety of different activities compared with low-active fathers. Conclusions: Fathers play an important role in their children’s physical activity, suggesting that physical activity may be one context in which to prompt paternal involvement, foster father–child relationships, and strengthen paternal parenting.

scholarly journals “To be lonely in your own loneliness” – The interplay between self-perceived loneliness and rheumatoid arthritis in everyday life: A qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Twisttmann Bay ◽  
Torkell Ellingsen ◽  
Annamaria Giraldi ◽  
Christian Graugaard ◽  
Dorthe Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Narrative Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health Care Practitioners ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background: Loneliness has a negative impact on physical health, and rheumatoid arthritis symptoms can lead to social isolation. However, there is a lack of research exploring patients’ perspectives on self-perceived loneliness in everyday life with rheumatoid arthritis. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the meaning and importance of self-perceived loneliness among adult patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods: Semi-structured interviews analyzed within a narrative thematic framework.Results: Three themes emerged during the analysis: explanations of loneliness in everyday life with rheumatoid arthritis, disclosing or disguising loneliness, and feelings of loneliness in social life.Conclusion: The findings from this study show that loneliness can be burdensome when living with RA. Narratives of loneliness can be hard for patients to disclose, so health care practitioners should take responsibility for legitimizing this subject. A narrative approach in consultations may be helpful to support patients and to encourage a dialogue about loneliness in everyday life with RA.

scholarly journals Working with Young People at Risk of Suicidal Behaviour and Self-Harm: A Qualitative Study of Australian General Practitioners’ Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 12926
Author(s):  
India Bellairs-Walsh ◽  
Sadhbh J. Byrne ◽  
Sarah Bendall ◽  
Yael Perry ◽  
Karolina Krysinska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mental Health Support ◽  
Self Harm

General Practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in the identification and support of young people at risk of suicidal behaviour and self-harm; however, no studies have explored GPs’ perspectives, approaches, challenges, and resource needs when working with this cohort in an Australian setting. This was a qualitative study where fifteen GPs (Mage = 45.25 years) from multiple clinics in Western Australia took part in semi-structured interviews, and data were analysed thematically. Seven main themes were identified: (1) working with young people has its unique challenges; (2) screening and assessment tools can help to manage uncertainty and discomfort; (3) going beyond tools–the dialogue and relationship are most important; (4) there are limits to what we can offer in the time available; (5) the service access and referral pathways lack clarity and coordination; (6) the provision of mental health support should not fall on GPs alone; and (7) more comprehensive training in suicide and self-harm is needed. The findings highlight a number of opportunities to enhance care and better assist GPs working with young people who present with suicidal behaviour and self-harm, including considerations for conducting assessments, targeted resources such as training, and system and service improvements.

scholarly journals Factors influencing adherence to vacuum-formed retainer wear: A qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalya Al-Moghrabi ◽  
Fiorella Beatriz Colonio Salazar ◽  
Ama Johal ◽  
Padhraig S Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Network Support ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
Treatment Changes ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Objective: To explore factors influencing adherence to vacuum-formed retainer wear over a minimum period of four years. Design: A qualitative study based on a randomised controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of orthodontic retainers. Setting: Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London. Participants: Fifteen participants wearing vacuum-formed retainers for at least four years. Methods: One-to-one semi-structured interviews were undertaken on a criterion-based purposive sample of participants wearing vacuum-formed retainers. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using Framework Methodology. Results: High self-reported levels of adherence in the early stages of retention were linked to a desire to maintain orthodontic outcomes and the negative perception of potential post-treatment changes. However, adherence typically reduced over time due to a combination of factors including the negative impact of retainers on quality of life and pragmatic issues related to retainer wear. Network support was found to be important in the short and long term, with instances of self-directed wear and negative beliefs concerning the importance of retainer wear and predisposition to post-treatment changes. Lack of follow-up appointments and immaturity of participants prompted independent decisions to cease retainer wear. Conclusions: Six key influencers of prolonged adherence with vacuum-formed retainer wear were identified. Future strategies to improve adherence should account for these while also being responsive to time elapsed since debond and patient age.

scholarly journals The challenge of pain identification, assessment, and management in people with dementia: a qualitative study

BJGP Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. bjgpopen20X101040
Author(s):  
Laurna Bullock ◽  
Carolyn A Chew-Graham ◽  
John Bedson ◽  
Bernadette Bartlam ◽  
Paul Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Management Plans

BackgroundPainful conditions are common in older adults, including people with dementia. The symptoms associated with dementia (for example, diminished language capacity, memory impairment, and behavioural changes), however, may lead to the suboptimal identification, assessment, and management of pain. Research has yet to qualitatively explore pain management for community-dwelling people with dementia.AimTo explore pain identification, assessment, and management for community-dwelling people with dementia.Design & settingA qualitative study was undertaken, set in England.MethodSemi-structured interviews took place with people with dementia, family caregivers, GPs, and old-age psychiatrists. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsInterviews were conducted with eight people with dementia, nine family caregivers, nine GPs, and five old-age psychiatrists. Three themes were identified that related to pain identification and assessment: gathering information to identify pain; the importance of knowing the person; and the use of pain assessment tools. A further three themes were identified that related to pain management: non-drug strategies; concerns related to analgesic medications; and responsibility of the caregiver to manage pain.ConclusionIdentifying and assessing the pain experienced by people with dementia was challenging. Most people with dementia, family caregivers, and healthcare professionals supported non-drug strategies to manage pain. The minimal concerns associated with non-drug strategies contrasted the multifactorial concerns associated with analgesic treatment for people with dementia. Given the complexity of pain identification, assessment, and management, primary care should work together with family caregivers and community services, with case finding for pain being considered in all assessment and management plans.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF GUIDELINES ON QUALIFICATION OF UMRAH MUTAWWIF IN MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 709-719
Author(s):  
Khairul Anuar Khalid ◽  
Nik Abdul Rahim Nik Abdul Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Good Level ◽  
Collection Process ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Data Collection Process

Career as umrah mutawif has gained an admirable place in society, recently. Nevertheless, from the legal and administrative perspective, there is no specific entity that regulates, monitors, and coordinates the management of umrah mutawif in Malaysia. Therefore, this article will analyze the need to establish proper qualifications guideline that canbe used to qualify a person before venturing into the profession of umrah mutawif. This is a qualitative study, adopting data collection process through library research methods, semi-structured interviews, and the involvement of researcher himselfas umrah mutawif. The study has established that there is critical need to develop qualifications guideline for umrah mutawif that could serve as a reference and assessment tools for the travel agents as umrah package operators, in selecting their umrah mutawif that operates under their company and will principally be guiding their pilgrims. Umrah mutawifs need to have performed umrah themselves, obtain teaching credentials fromthe respective states of which they will be teaching and guide, enrich their fiqh of umrah and the basics of farduain, have a good level of health and possess the ability to lead, are among the critical qualifications that must be in place. Finally, this study suggests that, through the enactment or amendment of relevant acts, a regulatorybody need to be established to oversee the regulation and management aspects, among others, of the umrah mutawif. This will ensure the quality and professionalism of umrah mutawif as a respected career in the future could be achieved.

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