Antimicrobial Activity of Catechol and Pyrogallol as Allelochemicals

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 639-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Kocaçalışkan ◽  
Ismet Talan ◽  
Irfan Terzi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Antifungal Effects ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Pseudomonas Pyocyanea

AbstractCatechol and pyrogallol are allelochemicals which belong to phenolic compounds synthesized in plants. Their antimicrobial activities were investigated on three bacteria (Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas pyocyanea, Corynebacterium xerosis) and two fungi (Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium italicum) phytopathogenic species as test organisms using the disc diffusion method. Both catechol and pyrogallol were found to have antibacterial effects on all the bacteria used in the study at 5 and 10 mм concentrations. Catechol has also been found to have an antifungal effect on the fungi used in the study, whereas no antifungal effects of pyrogallol were observed. The most sensitive species among the bacteria was P. putida which was inhibited by the allelochemicals even at 1 mм concentration.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil and Methanol Extract ofTeucrium montanum

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Vukovic ◽  
Tanja Milosevic ◽  
Slobodan Sukdolak ◽  
Slavica Solujic
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Antifungal Effect

This study was designed to examine the chemical composition of essential oil and thein vitroantimicrobial activities of essential oil and methanol extract ofTeucrium montanum. The inhibitory effects of essential oil and methanol extracts ofT. montanumwere tested against 13 bacterial and three fungal species by using disc-diffusion method. GC/MS analyses revealed that essential oil contains mainly δ-cadinene (17.19%), β-selinene (8.16%) α-calacorene (4.97%), 1,6-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene (4.91%), caryophyllene (4.35%), copaene (4.23%), torreyol (3.91%), 4-terpineol (3.90%), cadina-1,4-diene (3.39%), β-sesquiphellandrene (3.34%), τ-cadinol (3.12%) and γ-curcumene (3.18%). The essential oil has antibacterial as well as antifungal effect.

scholarly journals The Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of Teucrium Stocksianum Subsp. Stocksianum Leaf from Oman

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0600100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkhader Hisham ◽  
Nirmal Pathare ◽  
Salim Al-Saidi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Streptococcus Species ◽  
Teucrium Stocksianum ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Total Oil

The essential oil of Teucrium stocksianum Boiss. subsp. stocksianum leaf grown in Oman was analyzed by GC-MS. Forty seven components amounting to 76.1% of the total oil were identified. The major constituents were α-cadinol (7.6%), β-selinene (6.4%), trans-verbenol (5.9%), caryophyllene oxide (5.7%), α-phellandren-8-ol (5.0%), verbenone (5.0%) and δ-cadinene (5.1%). The antimicrobial activity of the oil was tested against a panel of seventeen bacterial and six fungal strains by the disc diffusion method. The oil inhibited the growth of all test organisms at various levels; however, it showed significant inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species, as well as yeasts. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were also determined.

scholarly journals VARIATIONS IN PHYTOCONSTITUENTS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES IN ECOTYPES OF OXALIS CORNICULATA L. AND OXALIS DEBILIS KUNTH

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 270
Author(s):  
Eleena Panda ◽  
Chinmay Pradhan ◽  
Anath Bandhu Das
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
First Time ◽  
Better Than

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aims at the comparative analysis of phytoconstituents and antimicrobial activities of four ecotypes of Odisha, India, each of <em>Oxalis corniculata </em>L. (OC-Eco-1, OC-Eco-2, OC-Eco-3, OC-Eco-4) and <em>Oxalis debilis</em> Kunth. (OD-Eco-1, OD-Eco-2, OD-Eco-3, OD-Eco-4) of the family Oxalidaceae.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ecotypes were collected from four districts (Balasore, Bhadrak, Jajpur, Khurda) of Odisha, India. The qualitative phytochemical screening was done to test glycosides, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. Further analysis of phytochemicals was also screened through TLC and HPTLC. Antimicrobial potentiality of leaf extract of various ecotypes was studied against <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Streptococcus epidermis</em> by disc diffusion method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tannin and terpenoids estimation revealed that significantly high amount of phytoconstituents were present in OD-Eco-3 of <em>O. debilis</em>. The methanolic leaf extracts of each ecotype were screened for qualitative analysis of phytochemical through TLC and HPTLC that showed maximum 16 compounds in <em>O. debilis </em>(OD-Eco-3)<em> </em>a new report, as compared to <em>O. corniculata. </em>All the four ecotypes of <em>O. debilis</em><em> </em>showed some new HPTLC bands (Rf 0.96, 0.90, 0.90, 0.81) as compared to <em>O. corniculata </em>that occupied 7.70%, 22.38%, 23.79% and 34.42% of peak area respectively. Cluster analysis on the basis of HPTLC banding pattern showed a close affinity among ecotypes of each species. Crude extracts showed antibacterial activity against <em>B. subtilis</em>, <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and <em>S. epidermis</em>. Leaf extracts of ecotypes of <em>O. corniculata</em> showed zones of inhibition and MIC better than that of <em>O. debilis </em>against <em>S. epidermis</em>.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings significantly reported some new compounds for the first time in <em>O. debilis. </em>The study also indicated a promising potential of antimicrobial activity of <em>O. debilis</em> which was the first report.</p>

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antimicrobial effect of alkaloid bulbs extract of Polianthes tuberosa L. (Amaryllidaceae) cultivated in Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Nihed BARGHOUT ◽  
Nada CHEBATA ◽  
Saida MOUMENE ◽  
Seddik KHENNOUF ◽  
Abdelaziz GHARBI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Alkaloid Extracts

Polianthes tuberosa L. (Amaryllidaceae) is an ornamental and medicinal plant. Its flowers and bulbs are used traditionally as a diuretic, emetic, against rashes and gonorrhea. The aim of this work was, to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of bulbs and bulbils alkaloid extracts of P. tuberosa. Antiradical effect was assessed against DPPH radical. However, antimicrobial activity was measured through the disc diffusion method against Escherichae coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Staphylococcus aureus resistant to Methicillin (MRSA) and Candida albicans ATCC 90028. The scavenging effect against DPPH showed that the bulbs and bulbils alkaloids extracts exhibited an antiradical effect with IC50 = 0.231±0.017 mg/mL and 0.233±0.093 mg/mL respectively, less than the effect of vitamin C with IC50 = 0.0194±0.0002 mg/mL. Antimicrobial activity results reveal that both alkaloid bulbs extracts at 50 mg/mL did not have any inhibitory effect against the studied strains using the disc diffusion method. According to this work, bulbs and bulbils alkaloid extracts show a moderate antioxidant effect; that could be recommended as a natural antioxidant. Although tuberose bulbs were used traditionally as a soap substitute; bulbs alkaloid extract has no antimicrobial effect. Keywords: Polianthes tuberosa L., bulbs, bulbils, alkaloids, antiradical activity, antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Cymbopogon (Lemongrass) on Enterococci

2021 ◽  
pp. 684-690
Author(s):  
A. Sai Sanjith ◽  
N. P. Muralidharan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Lemongrass Oil ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Broth Dilution

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus bacteria. Materials and Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by the Broth Dilution Method. The antibiotic susceptibility test against the test organisms was performed by the Disc Diffusion Method. Results and Discussion: Antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon oil was examined against common Enterococcus bacteria using broth microdilution assay and the disc diffusion method. Zone of inhibition was seen when Cymbopogon oil was kept with enterococcus bacteria, this proves to be bacteriostatic. Conclusion: Lemongrass oil proved to be bacteriostatic against Enterococcus, further research to be done to implement Lemongrass oil as an antibacterial agent.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Analgesic, Antidiarrhoeal and Antimicrobial Activities of Methanol and Acetone Extracts of Fruits Peels of Limonia acidissima L. (Rutaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-s) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Fahadul Islam ◽  
A.K. Azad ◽  
Md. Faysal ◽  
Md. A.K. Azad ◽  
Saiful Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Limonia Acidissima ◽  
Acetone Extracts

Objectives: Present study was designed to evaluate Analgesic, Antidiarrhoeal and Antimicrobial activities of methanol and acetone extracts of fruit peels of Limonia acidissima L. by different methods. Method: The analgesic activity of the samples was studied using acetic acid- induced writhing model in mice. Castor oil-induced antidiarrheal activity was observed by Thomas method and antimicrobial activity was monitored by disc diffusion method. Results: Limonia acidissima L. inhibited 60.53 % and 59.65 % writhing of methanol as well as acetone fruit peels extracts, respectively, compared to standard drug Diclofenac Na inhibited 78.07 % writhing. At higher dose (500 mg/kg) of the methanol and acetone fruit peels extracts, significant inhibition 47.13 and 44.83 % of characteristic diarrhoeal feces was observed, respectively, as well as at lower dose (250 mg/kg) of the both extracts, inhibition 34.45 and35.63 %. Mention able on average 12mm zone of inhibition was observed of both extract at 250µg/disc and 500µg/disc compare to zone of inhibition 36mm of ciprofloxacin at 50µg/disc. Conclusion: From the above results, it will be very much possible source for an isolating lead compound for curing the numerous disorders. Keywords: Limonia acidissima L. Fruit peels, Diclofenac sodium, Loperamide, Ciprofloxacin.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Ciprofloxacin-p-nitrobenzoylated and Its Transition Metal Analogues

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-363
Author(s):  
M. G. Rabbani ◽  
M. R. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Transition Metal Complexes ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Molar Conductivity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Six novel transition metal complexes of ciprofloxacin-p-nitro benzoyl derived from ciprofloxacin have been synthesized to find out their medicinal evaluation. It has been characterized by different techniques, i.e., UV-Vis, IR, NMR and mass spectrometry together with elemental analysis and molar conductivity. All the compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities by the disc diffusion method. Cytotoxicity was also made against brine shrimp lethality assay. The antimicrobial activity of the analogues compared with the parent was evaluated against three Gram-positive, seven Gram-negative bacterial strains and three fungi. The synthesized compounds demonstrated a variety of antibacterial profiles among which most of the analogues showed a comparable or better activity compared to the ciprofloxacin. Moreover, unlike ciprofloxacin, most of the derivatives were also found to show antifungal activity. Interestingly, all the derivatives possessed an enhanced activity in comparison to the ciprofloxacin against Candida albicans. Regarding cytotoxicity, most of the derivatives showed to a greater degree cytotoxic agent compared to ciprofloxacin.

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