The Inhibitory Activity of Typified Propolis against. Enterococcus Species

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 249-256
Author(s):  
Bernard J. Moncla ◽  
Peter W. Guevara ◽  
James A. Wallace ◽  
Maria C. Marcucci ◽  
Jacques E. Nor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Enterococcus Species ◽  
Cinnamic Acid Derivatives ◽  
Enterococcal Species ◽  
Agar Dilution

Propolis, a natural bee product widely used for its antimicrobial activity, was tested against isolates of Enterococcus from humans, pig-tailed macaques, isolates of refractory endodontic treatment cases, and isolates from Lactobacillus-containing food supplements. Typification of the propolis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) by which prenylated compounds, cinnamic acid derivatives, and fl avonoids were detected as the main constituents. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined using the agar dilution method. All human and animal Enterococcus isolates demonstrated MIC values of 1600 μg/mL. Enterococcal species of human and animal origin were inhibited by propolis. Particularly, human isolates of E. faecium and E. faecalis of refractory endodontic treatment cases were susceptible to propolis of Brazilian origin

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Some Components of the Essential Oils of Plants Used in the Traditional Medicine of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Puebla, México

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Sebastián Candelaria-Dueñas ◽  
Rocío Serrano-Parrales ◽  
Marisol Ávila-Romero ◽  
Samuel Meraz-Martínez ◽  
Julieta Orozco-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Agar Dilution

In Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valley (Mexico), studies have been carried out on the essential oils of medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity and it was found that they present compounds in common such as: α-pinene, β-pinene, carvacrol, eugenol, limonene, myrcene, ocimene, cineole, methyl salicylate, farnesene, and thymol. The goal of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of essential oils’ compounds. The qualitative evaluation was carried out by the Kirby Baüer agar diffusion technique in Gram-positive bacteria (11 strains), Gram-negative bacteria (18 strains), and yeasts (8 strains). For the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the agar dilution method was used. All the evaluated compounds presented antimicrobial activity. The compounds eugenol and carvacrol showed the largest inhibition zones. Regarding yeasts, the compounds ocimene, cineole, and farnesene did not show any activity. The compounds eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol presented the lowest MIC; bactericidal effect was observed at MIC level for S. aureus 75MR, E. coli 128 MR, and C albicans CUSI, for different compounds, eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol. Finally, this study shows that the essential oils of plants used by the population of Tehuacán-Cuicatlán valley share compounds and some of them have antibacterial and fungicidal activity.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of honeys from two stingless honeybee species and Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) against pathogenic microorganisms

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolinie Batista Nobre da Cruz ◽  
Fabio Alessandro Pieri ◽  
Gislene Almeida Carvalho-Zilse ◽  
Patrícia Puccinelli Orlandi ◽  
Carlos Gustavo Nunes-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Amazonas State

Honeys are described possessing different properties including antimicrobial. Many studies have presented this activity of honeys produced by Apis mellifera bees, however studies including activities of stingless bees honeys are scarce. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of honeys collected in the Amazonas State from Melipona compressipes, Melipona seminigra and Apis mellifera against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Chromobacterium violaceum, and Candida albicans. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using the agar dilution method with Müller-Hinton agar (for bacteria) or Saboraud agar (for yeast). Staphylococcus aureus and E. faecalis were inhibited by all honeys at concentrations below 12%, while E. coli and C. violaceum were inhibited by stingless bee honeys at concentrations between 10 and 20%. A. mellifera honey inhibited E. coli at a concentration of 7% and Candida violaceum at 0.7%. C. albicans were inhibited only with honey concentrations between 30 and 40%. All examined honey had antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens, thus serving as potential antimicrobial agents for several therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Synthesis, antimicrobial and antioxidative activity of some new isatin derivatives

2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1347-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavrilo Sekularac ◽  
Jasmina Nikolic ◽  
Predrag Petrovic ◽  
Branko Bugarski ◽  
Boban Djurovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidative Activity ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Isatin Derivatives

The isatin derivatives, Schiff bases, were synthesized by the reaction of isatin and various substituted primary amines and characterized by several spectroscopic methods. Investigation of the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was performed by the agar dilution method, against different strains of bacteria and one fungi. The antioxidative activity of the synthesized compounds was also determined. Some of the compounds have shown the significant activity against the selected strains of microorganisms and the antioxidative activity.

scholarly journals Transformation of the Antibacterial Agent Norfloxacin by Environmental Mycobacteria

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 5790-5793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Adjei ◽  
Thomas M. Heinze ◽  
Joanna Deck ◽  
James P. Freeman ◽  
Anna J. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Environmental Mycobacteria ◽  
Yeast Extract Medium ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Total Absorbance

ABSTRACT Because fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents may be released into the environment, the potential for environmental bacteria to biotransform these drugs was investigated. Eight Mycobacterium sp. cultures in a sorbitol-yeast extract medium were dosed with 100 μg ml−1 of norfloxacin and incubated for 7 days. The MICs of norfloxacin for these strains, tested by an agar dilution method, were 1.6 to 25 μg ml−1. Cultures were extracted with ethyl acetate, and potential metabolites in the extracts were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The metabolites were identified using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. N-Acetylnorfloxacin (5 to 50% of the total absorbance at 280 nm) was produced by the eight Mycobacterium strains. N-Nitrosonorfloxacin (5 to 30% of the total absorbance) was also produced by Mycobacterium sp. strain PYR100 and Mycobacterium gilvum PYR-GCK. The MICs of N-nitrosonorfloxacin and N-acetylnorfloxacin were 2- to 38- and 4- to 1,000-fold higher, respectively, than those of norfloxacin for several different bacteria, including the two strains that produced both metabolites. Although N-nitrosonorfloxacin had less antibacterial activity, nitrosamines are potentially carcinogenic. The biotransformation of fluoroquinolones by mycobacteria may serve as a resistance mechanism.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOPICAL ANTI ACNE FORMULATION OF SPIRULINA EXTRACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badduri Nihal ◽  
N. Vishal Gupta ◽  
D. V. Gowda ◽  
Manohar M.
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Drug Diffusion ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Dialysis Method

Objective: The objective of this research was to formulate and evaluate anti-acne ointment of C-phycocyanin(C-PC) extracted from spirulina.Methods: C-PC was successfully extracted from spirulina by using sonication and cold-maceration process and further purified by dialysis method. By employing disc diffusion and agar dilution method, antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of C-PC as determined against Propionibacterium acne (P. acne) and Staphylococcus epidermidis(S. epidermidis). Further, the two different formulations were prepared by using water soluble and oleaginous bases, and the formulations were characterized for particle size, viscosity, pH, consistency, drug diffusion, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant effect and stability studies.Results: C-PC showed MIC value of 1.5±0.1 mg/ml and 1.8±0.2 mg/ml against P. acne and S. epidermidis respectively. The developed formulation had a globule diameter of 5.44 mm, pH of 6.8±0.09, the viscosity of 175±0.2cps, spreadability of an 8.6±0.12g. cm/sec and had good consistency. Both formulations were found stable among which, formulation B(FB) had maximum drug content of 95±0.6% and drug release was up to 92±0.8%.Conclusion: The prepared topical C-PC ointment can be successfully employed in the treatment of acneagainstP. acne and S. epidermidis.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACT FROM STEM BARK OF Cinnamomum sintoc

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Nurdin Saidi ◽  
Hira Helwati ◽  
Lailatul Qhadariah Lubis ◽  
Muhammad Bahi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Agar Dilution

Antimicrobial activity of methanol extract from stem bark of Cinnamomum sintoc has been evaluated against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The extraction of compound was carried out by maceration, then isolation by column chromatograph, which yielded five (5) subfractions (A-E). Activity against fungus C. albicans, S. aureus bacteria dan E. coli using agar dilution method in paper disk. Methanol extract was not potent against antifungal activity but shows antibacterial activity with medium category. Subfraction C showed that antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli with weak category, but subfractions D and E did not show any activity.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Ophiurasaponin Extracted fromOphiopholis mirabilis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongzhen Wang ◽  
Xiaoyu Xue ◽  
Jingrong Zhen ◽  
Chenghua Guo
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Macroporous Resin ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

The aim of this study was to analyze antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of ophiurasaponin extracted fromOphiopholis mirabilis(overall). Ophiurasaponin was extracted with solvent extraction and purified through AB-8 macroporous resin, silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and C18 ODS column chromatography. The antioxidant activity of ophiurasaponin was detected by the chemiluminescence assay. The paper filtering method and the modified agar dilution method were used to determine antimicrobial activity. The results showed that the content of crude ophiurasaponin and the refined ophiurasaponin was 46.75% and 96.72%, respectively. The values of the IC50of hydroxyl-radicals, superoxide anions, and peroxide were 25.54 mg/mL, 9.98 mg/mL, and 1.37 mg/mL, respectively. The refined ophiurasaponin had a good inhibitory effect onEscherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus,Aerobacter aerogenes,andProteusbacillus vulgaris, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 0.0443 mg/mL. In conclusion, ophiurasaponin fromOphiopholis mirabilishad obvious antioxidant activities and antimicrobial activities which could provide the theoretical basis for further research and development of antioxidant and antimicrobial marine drugs.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Bupivacaine and Pethidine

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Grimmond ◽  
P. Brownridge
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Desirable Property ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Micro Organisms

The antimicrobial activity of bupivacaine and pethidine in concentrations commonly used in epidural practice was studied by an agar dilution method against ten common micro-organisms. Both drugs showed increasing microbe inhibition with increasing drug concentrations. Bupivacaine at common epidural concentrations inhibited eight of the ten organisms and pethidine inhibited six. These findings confirm previous reports of microbe inhibition by bupivacaine, and in addition demonstrate a similar but slightly lesser activity by pethidine. Although antimicrobial activity of epidural drugs can be regarded as a desirable property, clinical implications of such findings remain unclear.

ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF BHRINGRAJ, HARITAKI AND SHANKAPUSHPAM VS CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE AGAINST S. MUTANS: AN IN VITRO ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Hiranmayi Shivajirao Brid ◽  
Shivaprakash P. K. ◽  
Kishore G. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc

Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial efcacy of ethanolic extracts of Bhringraj, Haritaki and Shankapushpam against S. mutans and compare with commercially available 0.2% Chlorhexidene gluconate (CHX). Materials And Methods: Ethanolic extracts of Bhringraj, Haritaki and Shankapushpam were obtained by subjecting them to hot continuous extraction process and test extracts of 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% and 3.12% concentrations were prepared. Their antimicrobial efcacy was evaluated and compared with 0.2% CHX against S. mutans using the agar dilution method. The results were statistically analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and LSD Post Hoc tests. Results: Haritaki seemed to have superior and statistically signicant antimicrobial activity when compared to the test extracts at all the concentrations at which they were tested. It was followed by 0.2% CHX, which also showed considerable antimicrobial activity even at a low concentration. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Haritaki has better antimicrobial efcacy compared to 0.2% CHX at the tested concentrations and can be considered as a safe herbal alternative for it.

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