scholarly journals Effects of gallic acid on rat testopathy following morphine administration: an experimental study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Cyrus Jalili ◽  
Amir Abdolmaleki ◽  
Shiva Roshankhah ◽  
Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Morphine Administration ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Introduction: Morphine (MOR) as a psychoactive agent in the opium family causes free radicals accumulation which leads to failure in spermatogenesis. Gallic acid (GA), a polyphenolic acid, is found in various plants with antioxidant, anti-fungal, anti-viral, and anti-allergic activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of GA against MOR-induced damage to the reproductive parameter of rats. Methods: Sixty-four male Wistar rats (8 weeks, 220-250 g) were categorized into 8 groups by random (n=8/each); normal control and MOR control groups; GA groups (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) and MOR + GA groups (5, 10, 20 mg/kg). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally (i.p), daily for 4 weeks. The sperm parameters, spermatogenesis index (SI), total antioxidant capacity, testosterone level, and seminiferous tube diameter (STD) were assessed. Results: All sperm parameters reduced significantly in the MOR control group than to the normal control group (P < 0.01). All parameters were significantly improved in GA and GA + MOR treatment groups compared to the MOR control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: MOR caused a detrimental effect on male reproductive parameters. Also, no significant modifications were observed in all doses of GA treatments in comparison with the normal control group. GA compensates the toxic effect of MOR on reproductive parameters. Hence, GA administration is beneficial in MOR users.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Attenuates Malathion Induced Damage in Some Reproductive Parameters by Decreasing Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation in Male Rats

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrus Jalili ◽  
Shiva Roshankhah ◽  
Mohammad Reza Salahshoor ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Reproductive Parameter ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Objective: Malathion is the most organophosphates which capable to produce free radicals and induce disturbance on some of male reproductive parameter. Resveratrol is an herbal polyphenol and it has been beneficial antioxidant effects during short-term administration. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Resveratrol against damage induced by Malathion to the reproductive parameter of male rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 48 male rats were randomly assigned to 8 groups: normal control (saline) and Malathion control (250 mg/kg) groups; Resveratrol groups (2, 8, 20 mg/kg) and Malathion + Resveratrol (2, 8, 20 mg/kg). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally and gavage daily for 65 days. The sperm parameters, testis malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), testosterone level and germinal layer height were evaluated and statistically analyzed. Results: The results displayed that the values of all parameters except MDA level (which increased) reduced significantly in the Malathion control group compared to the normal control group (p < 0.001). The Resveratrol and Resveratrol + Malathion treatments at all doses increased significantly all parameters except MDA level (which decreased) compared to the Malathion control group (p < 0.001). No significant modifications were observed in all Resveratrol groups compared to the normal control group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Resveratrol attenuates toxic effect of Malathion on some of male reproductive parameters.

Expression of the Proteins Ski and Akradia in the Retinal Tissue of Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1693-1698
Author(s):  
Wenjun Gou ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Xu Yang ◽  
Yanhong Fang ◽  
Bo Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retinal Tissue ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
Group A ◽  
Proteasome Pathway ◽  
Ski Protein

The aim of this study was to observe the effects of Ski and Arkadia protein expression in the retina of diabetic rats, as well as to explore the relationships between Ski, Arkadia, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) to provide theoretical insights into its pathogenesis. Forty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: the normal control group, and the DM (diabetes mellitus, DM) group. A DM rat model was established through a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg · kg–1 STZ. Ten rats in each group were sacrificed at the 8th and 12th weeks after model generation; the left eyeball of each rat was removed completely and made into eye cups. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of Ski and Arkadia in the retina of each rat. In the normal control group, Ski was highly expressed, while Arkadia was either not expressed or weakly expressed. At weeks 8 and 12, the expression of Arkadia in the retina of the rats in the DM group was significantly higher than in those of the normal control group (P <0.01), whereas the expression of Ski was significantly lower than in normal controls (P <0.01). In retinal tissue of diabetic rats, the ubiquitin proteasome pathway can degrade the expression of the Ski protein and the E3 ligase Arkadia is involved in the ubiquitination of Ski proteins.

scholarly journals The protective effect of Pentoxifylline on testopathy in male rats following Dimethyl Nitrosamine administration: An experimental study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Salahshoor ◽  
Azita Faramarzi ◽  
Shiva Roshankhah ◽  
Cyrus Jalili
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood Flow ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Carcinogenic Agent ◽  
Xanthine Derivative

Background: Nitrosamines as a carcinogenic agent has unfavorable effects on some of the male reproductive parameters. Pentoxifylline (PX) is a xanthine derivative used as a drug inhibiting the inflammatory factors, reducing blood viscosity, improving peripheral blood flow, and so on. Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of PX against Dimethyl nitrosamine (DMN)-inducing the damage to the reproductive parameter of male rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats (8 wk, 220- 250 gr) were randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 6/each): normal control and DMN control groups (40 mg/kg); PX groups (25, 50, 100 mg/kg), and DMN + PX groups (25, 50, 100 mg/kg). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally and the gavage applied daily for 28 days. The sperm parameters, spermatogenesis index, total antioxidant capacity, testosterone level, and seminiferous tube diameter were assessed. Results: The values of all parameters reduced significantly in the DMN control group compared to the normal control group (p < 0.001). The PX and PX + DMN treatments at all entirely doses improved all parameters significantly compared to the DMN control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: DMN caused detrimental effects on reproductive parameters. Also, no significant modifications were observed in PX treatments at all doses compared to the normal control group. PX compensated the toxic effect of DMN on reproductive parameters. Key words: Dimethyl nitrosamine, Reproductive, Pentoxifylline, Rat.

scholarly journals Methanol extract of Aruncus dioicus exerts antidiabetic effect via PCSK9/LDLR pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-577
Author(s):  
Li Gong ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Yinluan Huang ◽  
Shaoyan Xie ◽  
Chao Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Diabetic Control Group

Purpose: To investigate the antidiabetic effect of methanol extract of Aruncus dioicus, and the underlying mechanism(s). Methods: Twenty-four adult female albino mice were randomly assigned to four groups of six mice each: normal control group, diabetic control group and two treatment groups. With the exception of normal control group, the diabetic control and treatment groups consisted of leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) type 2 diabetic mice. The diabetic control group was not treated, while the treatment groups received 200 or 400 mg/kg extract/day orally for 4 weeks. The effect of the extract on fasting blood glucose (FBG), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), glycogen and lipid profiles were determined. The expressions of PCSK9, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) and glucokinase (GCK) were determined in liver tissues using western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was significantly and dose-dependently reduced in the treatment groups, relative to diabetic control group at different time-points (p < 0.05). Total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly higher in the diabetic control group than in normal control group (p < 0.05). However, treatment with methanol extract of A. dioicus significantly and dose-dependently reversed the changes in the levels of these parameters (p < 0.05). The expressions of LDLR and GCK were significantly down-regulated in diabetic control group, when compared with normal control group, but their expressions were significantly dose-dependently upregulated in the treatment groups (p < 0.05). Treatment with the extract significantly and dose-dependently down-regulated PCSK9 expression (p < 0.05). Liver injury characterized by large distended lipid droplets and fat accumulation was seen in diabetic mice, but treatment with methanol extract of A. dioicus significantly reversed the histopathological changes induced by DM. Conclusion: These results indicate that the antidiabetic effect of methanol extract of A. dioicus is exerted via a mechanism involving PCSK9/LDLR pathway.

scholarly journals Oral Microencapsulated LiveSaccharomyces cerevisiaeCells for Use in Renal Failure Uremia: Preparation and In Vivo Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razek Coussa ◽  
Christopher Martoni ◽  
Jasmine Bhathena ◽  
Aleksandra Malgorzata Urbanska ◽  
Satya Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
In Vivo Analysis

Orally administrable alginate-poly-L-lysine-alginate (APA) microcapsules containing live yeast cells was investigated for use in renal failure. At all times, yeast cells remain inside the microcapsules, which are then excreted in the stool. During their gastrointestinal passage, small molecules, like urea, diffuse into the yeast microcapsules where they are hydrolyzed. Orally administrating these microcapsules to uremic rats was found to decrease urea concentrations from7.29±0.89 mmol/L to6.12±0.90 mmol/L over a treatment period of eight weeks. After stopping the treatment, the urea concentrations increased back to uremic levels of7.64±0.77 mmol/L. The analysis of creatinine concentrations averaged39.19±4.33 μmol/L,50.83±5.55 μmol/L, and50.28±7.10 μmol/L for the normal-control, uremic-control and uremic-treatment groups, respectively. While creatinine concentrations for both uremic-control and uremic-treatment groups did not differ among each other (P>.05), they were, however, significantly higher than those of the normal control group (P<.05). Uric acid concentrations averaged80.08±26.49 μmol/L,99.92±26.55 μmol/L, and86.49±28.42 μmol/L for the normal-control, uremic-control and uremic-treatment groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in both calcium and phosphate concentrations among all three groups (P>.05). The microbial populations of five tested types of bacteria were not substantially altered by the presence of the yeast APA encapsulated yeast (P>.05).

scholarly journals Combined Antioxidant Recovery Properties of Fruit Juice Extracts of Cucumber and Water Melon on Lipid Profile and Gonadal Steroid Levels of Cadmium Induced Testicular Damage on Male Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
F. C. Anacletus ◽  
B. Nwakaku ◽  
K. T. Nwauche
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Treatment Groups

The antioxidant protective effects of fruit juice of cucumber and watermelon on lipid profile of cadmium induced toxicity on male albino rats was investigated. Forty male rats were divided into eight groups. Group NC served as normal control group while group PC was positive control that was not treated but induced with cadmium. Groups I to VI received high dose and low dose of juice of Cucumber and Watermelon respectively. Excluding the normal control group, other groups were fed with lard 14 days before treatment commenced.  Doses of 0.8 mg/kg-high dose and 0.4 mg/kg-low dose for cucumber and watermelon respectively. At the 4th and 6th week, biochemical parameters were assayed. Results revealed that the levels of total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and triglyceride significantly (P˂0.05) were decreased compared to positive control but HDL was increased in treatment groups compared to positive control. Pretreatment with cucumber and watermelon juice indicated that total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and triglyceride significantly (P˂0.05) were decreased compared to positive control but HDL was increased in treatment groups compared to positive control. The result also revealed an increase in testosterone levels in treated groups after 4 weeks of administration of whole extract of cucumber and watermelon when compared to their week 2 values. Testosterone level in positive control was also reduced significantly from 1.5±0.14 ng/ml to 0.46±0.31 ng/ml. Histological evaluation of the testes of normal control group revealed that the interstitium was intact with leydig cells present and maturing germ cells embedded in normal seminiferous tubules while the other groups that were induced with cadmium only showed morphology of testes with empty seminiferous tubules and consolidated interstitial spaces.

Mechanism Involved in Fortification by Berberine in CDDP-Induced Nephrotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin K. Verma ◽  
Salma Malik ◽  
Ekta Mutneja ◽  
Anil K. Sahu ◽  
Kumari Rupashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Beclin 1 ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway has been shown to protect against cisplatin- induced nephrotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress. Berberine (Ber), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities in various experimental models. Aim: To check the effect of Ber on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and to explore the involved mechanism. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: Normal, cisplatin-control, treatment groups and per se group. Normal saline and Ber (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg; p.o.) was administered to rats for 10 days. A single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg) was injected on 7th day to induced nephrotoxicity. On 10th day, rats were sacrificed, the kidney was removed and stored for the estimation of various parameters. Results: As compared to cisplatin-control group, Ber pretreatment improved renal function system and preserved renal architecture. It also diminished oxidative stress by upregulating the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 proteins. In addition, Ber attenuated the cisplatin mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, it also reduced the phosphorylation of p38/JNK and PARP/Beclin-1 expression in the kidney. Conclusion: Ber attenuated renal injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting JNK/p38MAPKs/ PARP/Beclin-1 expression which prevented oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in renal tissue.

scholarly journals Study on potential differentially expressed genes in stroke by bioinformatics analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xitong Yang ◽  
Pengyu Wang ◽  
Shanquan Yan ◽  
Guangming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ppi Network ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Pathway Enrichment ◽  
Key Genes

AbstractStroke is a sudden cerebrovascular circulatory disorder with high morbidity, disability, mortality, and recurrence rate, but its pathogenesis and key genes are still unclear. In this study, bioinformatics was used to deeply analyze the pathogenesis of stroke and related key genes, so as to study the potential pathogenesis of stroke and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Gene Expression profiles of GSE58294 and GSE16561 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between IS and normal control group. The different expression genes (DEGs) between IS and normal control group were screened with the GEO2R online tool. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed. Using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), the function and pathway enrichment analysis of DEGS were performed. Then, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database. Cytoscape with CytoHubba were used to identify the hub genes. Finally, NetworkAnalyst was used to construct the targeted microRNAs (miRNAs) of the hub genes. A total of 85 DEGs were screened out in this study, including 65 upward genes and 20 downward genes. In addition, 3 KEGG pathways, cytokine − cytokine receptor interaction, hematopoietic cell lineage, B cell receptor signaling pathway, were significantly enriched using a database for labeling, visualization, and synthetic discovery. In combination with the results of the PPI network and CytoHubba, 10 hub genes including CEACAM8, CD19, MMP9, ARG1, CKAP4, CCR7, MGAM, CD79A, CD79B, and CLEC4D were selected. Combined with DEG-miRNAs visualization, 5 miRNAs, including hsa-mir-146a-5p, hsa-mir-7-5p, hsa-mir-335-5p, and hsa-mir-27a- 3p, were predicted as possibly the key miRNAs. Our findings will contribute to identification of potential biomarkers and novel strategies for the treatment of ischemic stroke, and provide a new strategy for clinical therapy.

Effect of GDM on the Expression of MT1-MMP and u-PA in Glioma Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 220-223
Author(s):  
Xue Mei Han ◽  
Li Bo Wang ◽  
Ni Ni Li ◽  
Song Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Glioma Cell ◽  
Fetal Bovine Serum ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Glioma Cell Lines ◽  
Fetal Bovine ◽  
Identify Gene Expression

To examine the effect of GDM on the expression of MT1-MMP and u-PA genes in glioma cells. Glioma cell lines U251 and U87 were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. RT-PCR was used to identify gene expression level. The level of u-PA mRNA was up-regulated significantly in the HGF group compared with the normal control group (P<0.05). The expression of MT1-MMP and u-PA was significantly lower in the GDM group than in the normal control and HGF groups (P<0.05). The expression of u-PA in the HGF+GDM group was down-regulated significantly compared with the normal control and HGF groups (P<0.05).GDM can inhibit expression of both MT1-MMP and u-PA in glioma cells.

Identification of Hub Genes Associated with Development of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinglei Li ◽  
Wei Hou
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Differential Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Differential Gene

Abstract Purpose: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has high heterogeneity and poor prognosis, posing a major challenge to human health worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism of LUAD in order to be able to better predict its prognosis and develop new therapeutic strategies for target genes.Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, were selected to comprehensively analyze and explore the differences between LUAD tumors and adjacent normal tissues. Critical gene information was obtained through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differential gene expression analysis, and survival analysis.Results: Using WGCNA and differential gene expression analysis, 29 differentially expressed genes were screened. The functional annotation analysis showed these genes to be mainly concentrated in heart trabecula formation, regulation of inflammatory response, collagen-containing extracellular matrix, and metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity. Also, in the protein–protein interaction network analysis, 10 central genes were identified using Cytoscape's CytoHubba plug-in. The expression of CDH5, TEK, TIMP3, EDNRB, EPAS1, MYL9, SPARCL1, KLF4, and TGFBR3 in LUAD tissue was found to be lower than that in the normal control group, while the expression of MMP1 in LUAD tissue was higher than that in the normal control group. According to survival analysis, the low expression of MYL9 and SPARCL1 was correlated with poor overall survival in patients with LUAD. Finally, through the verification of the Oncomine database, it was found that the expression levels of MYL9 and SPARCL1 were consistent with the mRNA levels in LUAD samples, and both were downregulated.Conclusion: Two survival-related genes, MYL9 and SPARCL1, were determined to be highly correlated with the development of LUAD. Both may play an essential role in the development LUAD and may be potential biomarkers for its diagnosis and treatment in the future.

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