Expression of the Proteins Ski and Akradia in the Retinal Tissue of Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1693-1698
Author(s):  
Wenjun Gou ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Xu Yang ◽  
Yanhong Fang ◽  
Bo Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retinal Tissue ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
Group A ◽  
Proteasome Pathway ◽  
Ski Protein

The aim of this study was to observe the effects of Ski and Arkadia protein expression in the retina of diabetic rats, as well as to explore the relationships between Ski, Arkadia, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) to provide theoretical insights into its pathogenesis. Forty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: the normal control group, and the DM (diabetes mellitus, DM) group. A DM rat model was established through a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg · kg–1 STZ. Ten rats in each group were sacrificed at the 8th and 12th weeks after model generation; the left eyeball of each rat was removed completely and made into eye cups. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of Ski and Arkadia in the retina of each rat. In the normal control group, Ski was highly expressed, while Arkadia was either not expressed or weakly expressed. At weeks 8 and 12, the expression of Arkadia in the retina of the rats in the DM group was significantly higher than in those of the normal control group (P <0.01), whereas the expression of Ski was significantly lower than in normal controls (P <0.01). In retinal tissue of diabetic rats, the ubiquitin proteasome pathway can degrade the expression of the Ski protein and the E3 ligase Arkadia is involved in the ubiquitination of Ski proteins.

Electroacupuncture with high frequency at acupoint ST-36 induces regeneration of lost enteric neurons in diabetic rats via GDNF and PI3K/AKT signal pathway

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (2) ◽  
pp. R109-R118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Du ◽  
Shi Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Signal Pathway ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Stimulation Group

Background electroacupuncture (EA) at acupoint ST-36 (Zusanli) has been used to alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms and improve gastrointestinal motility, but the effects and mechanisms of EA on enteric nervous system (ENS) have scarcely been investigated. SD rats were randomly divided into eight groups: normal control group, diabetes mellitus group (DM), chronic high-frequency EA (C-HEA), chronic low-frequency EA (C-LEA), chronic sham stimulation group (C-SEA), acute high-frequency EA group (A-HEA), acute low-frequency EA group (A-LEA), and diabetic with acute sham stimulation group (A-SEA). The parameters of HEA included a frequency of 100 Hz and an amplitude of 1 mA, while the parameters for LEA were 10 Hz and 1 mA. The expressions of PGP9.5, neuronal nitric oxide synthase neurons, CHAT neurons, glia cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and p-Akt were measured by immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and Western blotting methods in colon tissues of each rat. The total neurons and the two types of enteric neurons (neuronal nitric oxide synthase and choline acetyl transferase neurons), together with GDNF and p-Akt in the mRNA and protein level were significantly decreased in DM group compared with the normal control group in colon ( P < 0.01). Compared with DM or all other DM with EA groups, the chronic HEA could induce a more significant quantitative increase in the mRNA and protein level of the enteric neurons and GDNF and p-Akt in colon ( P < 0.01). EA with high-frequency and long-term stimuli at acupoint ST-36 can induce regeneration of lost enteric neurons in diabetic rats, and GDNF and PI3K/Akt signal pathway may play an important role in EA-induced regeneration of impaired enteric neurons.

scholarly journals Effects of Cultured Cordycep militaris on Sexual Performance and Erectile Function in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sureena Pohsa ◽  
Wanthanee Hanchang ◽  
Nattapong Singpoonga ◽  
Peerasak Chaiprasart ◽  
Pornnarin Taepavarapruk
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Silkworm Pupae

Cordyceps militaris (CM), a valuable edible and medicinal fungus, has been used as traditional medicine to treat health conditions, as well as hyposexuality in Asian societies for over a century. Due to the high demand, several artificial cultivation methods have been developed for their biological activities. In this study, CM was cultured on medium that contained white rice and silkworm pupae, and the levels of cordycepin and adenosine, as well as its aphrodisiac effects in diabetes-induced erectile dysfunction (DIED), were evaluated. Diabetic rats were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection and administered orally with CM (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 g/kg BW/day) for 3 weeks. Diabetic rats in negative and positive control groups received vehicle and sildenafil citrate (5 mg/kg), respectively. Results showed the changes in mating behaviour in which mount latency and intromission latency were significantly increased in diabetic rats, compared with the normal control group. Diabetic rats also showed a significant reduction in intracavernosal pressure (ICP) response to cavernous nerve stimulation, sperm count, testosterone level, penile nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and testicular superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, when compared to the normal control group. Administration of CM (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 g/kg BW/day) reversed the effects of diabetes on the mating behaviour, and the ICP responses to electrical stimulation. Moreover, the levels of penile NOS, testicular SOD activities, testosterone, and sperm count were significantly increased, and testicular malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased in these treated diabetic rats. Diabetic rats treated with sildenafil showed a significant induction in intromission frequency and NOS and SOD activities, as well as a marked increase in ICP responses. These results suggest that CCM exerts its aphrodisiac effect, possibly through activating testosterone production and suppressing oxidative stress to enhance erectile function in diabetic rats.

Sentence Imitation in Kindergarten Children at Risk for Learning Disability

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Swift
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

The Carrow Elicited Language Inventory was used to compare the imitation skills of kindergarten children identified as high risk for learning disability with those of a normal control group. A significant difference was found between the two groups in the total number of errors. Differences were also found in the ability to imitate adjectives, conjunctions, pronouns, and verbs. An incidental finding, failure on the part of many high-risk subjects to imitate interrogative stimuli, is discussed in terms of a processing deficit.

scholarly journals Huangqi Decoction Ameliorates Streptozotocin-Induced Rat Diabetic Nephropathy through Antioxidant and Regulation of the TGF-β/MAPK/PPAR-γ Signaling

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Han ◽  
Aili Cao ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Hengjiang Guo ◽  
Yingjun Zang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Ppar Γ

Background/Aims: Huangqi Decoction (HQD) has been traditionally used to treat diabetes mellitus in China. The present study was carried out to assess the protective effect of HQD on diabetic nephropathy (DN) using the streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg) in male Wistar rats. 40 diabetic rats were divided into 5 groups: vehicle-treated (DN group), 0.45, 0.15, 0.05 g/kg HQD-treated diabetic group (HQD group) and 1 mg/kg rosiglitazone-treated diabetic group (RGZ group). 16 normal rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: vehicle-treated normal control group (NC) and 0.45 g/kg HQD-treated normal control group (NC+0.45 g/kg HQD). At the end of 8-week experiment, we measured changes of renal pathological morphology, function, antioxidant enzyme levels and the activation of TGF-β/PPAR-γ/MAPK signaling pathway. Results: After HQD treatment, renal function, including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 24-h albuminuria and blood glucose level were improved significantly; meanwhile, impaired kidney redox balance was diminished in diabetic rats. The activation of TGF-β, phospho-JNK, phospho-p44/42, p47 and p42 phox was blocked and the decrease in PPAR-γ in diabetic rats was attenuated by treatment with HQD in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: These results suggest that HQD shows therapeutic efficacy in DN characterized by renal dysfunction and pathological changes through hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects.

scholarly journals Upper limb weakness in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy – a neglected problem

1984 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. V. James ◽  
J. F. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Group A

The problems of upper limb weakness in young people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy are not generally appreciated. In a series of 12 young people it was found that the strengths of the shoulder and elbow muscles were approximately 4% of those of a normal control group. A counterweight and a motorised system of arm suspension is described which permits the young person to make proper use of their arms.

scholarly journals Effects of gallic acid on rat testopathy following morphine administration: an experimental study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Cyrus Jalili ◽  
Amir Abdolmaleki ◽  
Shiva Roshankhah ◽  
Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Morphine Administration ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Introduction: Morphine (MOR) as a psychoactive agent in the opium family causes free radicals accumulation which leads to failure in spermatogenesis. Gallic acid (GA), a polyphenolic acid, is found in various plants with antioxidant, anti-fungal, anti-viral, and anti-allergic activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of GA against MOR-induced damage to the reproductive parameter of rats. Methods: Sixty-four male Wistar rats (8 weeks, 220-250 g) were categorized into 8 groups by random (n=8/each); normal control and MOR control groups; GA groups (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) and MOR + GA groups (5, 10, 20 mg/kg). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally (i.p), daily for 4 weeks. The sperm parameters, spermatogenesis index (SI), total antioxidant capacity, testosterone level, and seminiferous tube diameter (STD) were assessed. Results: All sperm parameters reduced significantly in the MOR control group than to the normal control group (P < 0.01). All parameters were significantly improved in GA and GA + MOR treatment groups compared to the MOR control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: MOR caused a detrimental effect on male reproductive parameters. Also, no significant modifications were observed in all doses of GA treatments in comparison with the normal control group. GA compensates the toxic effect of MOR on reproductive parameters. Hence, GA administration is beneficial in MOR users.

scholarly journals Histopathological Evaluation of the Methanol Extract of Napoleonae imperialis Leaves against Methotrexate-Induced Renal Damage in Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
O. J. Mba ◽  
C. E. Odo ◽  
P. C. Chikezie ◽  
U. I. Edward
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Renal Histology ◽  
Significant Pathology ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Aim: This study was aimed at investigating the effect of methanol extract of Napoleonae imperialis leaves against methotrexate renal histology in albino rats. Methodology: Thirty (30) male albino rats of mean weight 130 g were used for this study. The animals for the study were grouped into five (5) of six (6) rats each. Group A received feed and water only and Group B was induced with methotrexate without treatment. Groups (C and D) were orally given 250 mg and 500 mg/kg b.wt of leaves extract, and group E was orally given the extract only (500 mg/kg b.wt) respectively for 28 days. All the rats used in this study were initially subjected to renal damage using 0.5 ml/kg of methotrexate except the normal control group. The rats were sacrificed after 28 days, and the kidney were carefully dissected from the abdominal region. They were fixed in normal saline for 72 hours and sliced into a thickness of 2.1mm samples of and processed for histopathological examination. Results: The photomicrographs result showed that in group A, (normal control group) evenly distributed glomeruli of smaller size, with normal mesangial cellularity. In group B, (positive control group) there is a significant pathology and mild interstitial inflammation. In groups (C and D) (tests group that received 250 and 500 mg/kg b.wt of the extract) there is no significant pathology, in group E, there is no significant pathology. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the leaves extract may have exerted nephroprotective effects in albino rats, and may also be used pharmacologically in the management of organ toxicity.

scholarly journals Study on potential differentially expressed genes in stroke by bioinformatics analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xitong Yang ◽  
Pengyu Wang ◽  
Shanquan Yan ◽  
Guangming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ppi Network ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Pathway Enrichment ◽  
Key Genes

AbstractStroke is a sudden cerebrovascular circulatory disorder with high morbidity, disability, mortality, and recurrence rate, but its pathogenesis and key genes are still unclear. In this study, bioinformatics was used to deeply analyze the pathogenesis of stroke and related key genes, so as to study the potential pathogenesis of stroke and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Gene Expression profiles of GSE58294 and GSE16561 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between IS and normal control group. The different expression genes (DEGs) between IS and normal control group were screened with the GEO2R online tool. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed. Using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), the function and pathway enrichment analysis of DEGS were performed. Then, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database. Cytoscape with CytoHubba were used to identify the hub genes. Finally, NetworkAnalyst was used to construct the targeted microRNAs (miRNAs) of the hub genes. A total of 85 DEGs were screened out in this study, including 65 upward genes and 20 downward genes. In addition, 3 KEGG pathways, cytokine − cytokine receptor interaction, hematopoietic cell lineage, B cell receptor signaling pathway, were significantly enriched using a database for labeling, visualization, and synthetic discovery. In combination with the results of the PPI network and CytoHubba, 10 hub genes including CEACAM8, CD19, MMP9, ARG1, CKAP4, CCR7, MGAM, CD79A, CD79B, and CLEC4D were selected. Combined with DEG-miRNAs visualization, 5 miRNAs, including hsa-mir-146a-5p, hsa-mir-7-5p, hsa-mir-335-5p, and hsa-mir-27a- 3p, were predicted as possibly the key miRNAs. Our findings will contribute to identification of potential biomarkers and novel strategies for the treatment of ischemic stroke, and provide a new strategy for clinical therapy.

Effect of GDM on the Expression of MT1-MMP and u-PA in Glioma Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 220-223
Author(s):  
Xue Mei Han ◽  
Li Bo Wang ◽  
Ni Ni Li ◽  
Song Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Glioma Cell ◽  
Fetal Bovine Serum ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Glioma Cell Lines ◽  
Fetal Bovine ◽  
Identify Gene Expression

To examine the effect of GDM on the expression of MT1-MMP and u-PA genes in glioma cells. Glioma cell lines U251 and U87 were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. RT-PCR was used to identify gene expression level. The level of u-PA mRNA was up-regulated significantly in the HGF group compared with the normal control group (P<0.05). The expression of MT1-MMP and u-PA was significantly lower in the GDM group than in the normal control and HGF groups (P<0.05). The expression of u-PA in the HGF+GDM group was down-regulated significantly compared with the normal control and HGF groups (P<0.05).GDM can inhibit expression of both MT1-MMP and u-PA in glioma cells.

Identification of Hub Genes Associated with Development of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinglei Li ◽  
Wei Hou
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Differential Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Differential Gene

Abstract Purpose: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has high heterogeneity and poor prognosis, posing a major challenge to human health worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism of LUAD in order to be able to better predict its prognosis and develop new therapeutic strategies for target genes.Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, were selected to comprehensively analyze and explore the differences between LUAD tumors and adjacent normal tissues. Critical gene information was obtained through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differential gene expression analysis, and survival analysis.Results: Using WGCNA and differential gene expression analysis, 29 differentially expressed genes were screened. The functional annotation analysis showed these genes to be mainly concentrated in heart trabecula formation, regulation of inflammatory response, collagen-containing extracellular matrix, and metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity. Also, in the protein–protein interaction network analysis, 10 central genes were identified using Cytoscape's CytoHubba plug-in. The expression of CDH5, TEK, TIMP3, EDNRB, EPAS1, MYL9, SPARCL1, KLF4, and TGFBR3 in LUAD tissue was found to be lower than that in the normal control group, while the expression of MMP1 in LUAD tissue was higher than that in the normal control group. According to survival analysis, the low expression of MYL9 and SPARCL1 was correlated with poor overall survival in patients with LUAD. Finally, through the verification of the Oncomine database, it was found that the expression levels of MYL9 and SPARCL1 were consistent with the mRNA levels in LUAD samples, and both were downregulated.Conclusion: Two survival-related genes, MYL9 and SPARCL1, were determined to be highly correlated with the development of LUAD. Both may play an essential role in the development LUAD and may be potential biomarkers for its diagnosis and treatment in the future.

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