scholarly journals A HUMAN RIGHTS APPROACH TO FOOD INSECURITY IN INUIT NUNANGAT

Aletheia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
International Reputation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Food Needs

The Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, the national organization for Inuit in Canada, has voiced serious concern about the food insecurity crisis in Inuit Nunangat, the Inuit homeland comprising Nunavut, Nunavik, Nunatsiavut, and the Northwest Territories (Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, 2019). The widespread and disproportionate experiences of food insecurity in Inuit Nunangat requires critical examination, especially when access to adequate food has been identified as a human right (OHCHR, 2010). My research paper aims to explore this topic of food insecurity as a human rights concern in Inuit Nunangat. A human rights approach acts as both a pathway to investigate, and a tool to inform, policy development. Such an investigation is especially relevant given Canada’s international reputation and constitutional mandate to grant equal protection of rights to all citizens. In this essay, I review international and domestic human rights frameworks that intersect with Inuit food insecurity, in addition to evaluating Canada’s current interventions. I ultimately argue that, based on Canada’s commitments to uphold rights to food, health, and Indigenous self-determination, the government must increase the enforceability of food rights in domestic policy and, second, there must be strengthened collaboration between the government and Inuit partners to more appropriately conceptualize, and respond to, food needs in Inuit Nunangat.

Colombia unrest offers no quick solutions

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Fiscal Reform ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
International Reputation ◽  
The Government

Significance Large demonstrations on May 28 resulted in several deaths in Cali; President Ivan Duque deployed troops there the next day. Although that appears, temporarily, to have restored some order, talks between the government and protest leaders have stalled. Impacts The government still plans fiscal reform of some kind, but any proposals now risk inflaming unrest. Prolonged accusations of human rights abuses and impunity could damage Colombia’s international reputation. Fear of socialism and Venezuela’s struggles offer the government a powerful electoral weapon against the left.

METODOLOGÍAS DE MEDICIÓN DE LA SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA NUTRICIONAL EN LA REPÚBLICA ARGENTINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Flor Feuermann ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Argentine Republic ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACT Introduction: food is a human right and a basic need for their subsistence and development. enough food is produced worldwide to supply all inhabitants and satisfy their caloric and nutritional needs. But the mere fact of producing them does not ensure access to safe and nutritious food for all. Therefore, the correct measurement of nutritional food insecurity is essential for a better understanding of this phenomenon, allowing better communication between society, decision-makers and the political agenda. Objectives: analyze the strengths and limitations of the methodologies used to measure nutritional food security in the Argentine Republic between 1984 and 2017. Materials and methods: a systematic review of articles published in five electronic databases was carried out: Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, BVS and Redalyc. The categories analyzed were the nutritional food security measurement methodologies (when people enjoy food security in addition to a healthy environment, as well as adequate health, education and care), with their type of technique, level, duration and dimension evaluated, limitations and strengths. The search terms used were food insecurity, food security, hunger, food sovereignty, food policy, food availability, nutritional programs, nutritional policies and food assistance. Results: after the search, 22 articles were selected for analysis. Conclusions: all the methodologies analyzed take partial aspects. A methodology has not yet been developed that reflects the multisectoral (food, agricultural, governmental, economic, social, etc.) and multidimensional (access, availability, use and stability) nature of the concept of nutritional food security. Having an adequate measurement of nutritional food security is essential to assess the state of nutritional food insecurity in the Argentine Republic, the government policies that are developed under this concept and verify its impact on the health and nutrition of the Argentine population. Key words: food security; food insecurity; hunger; nutrition policy; Argentina.

scholarly journals Sustainable access to safe drinking water: fundamental human right in the international and national scene

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celso Maran de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
The Government

Access to potable water is absolutely essential to the maintenance of life, as well as to provide regular exercise of other human rights. The lack of access to water in sufficient quantity or access to non-potable water may cause serious and irreparable damage to people. This paper investigates the evolution of international and national recognition of this fundamental human right, whether implicit or explicit. This was accomplished by the study of international human rights treaties, bibliographic information on water resources and their corresponding legal systems, national and international. The results suggest that sustainable access to drinking water is a fundamental human right in the context of international relations and the State. Further, even without explicitly stating this right in the Constitution of 1988, Brazil has incorporated the main international provisions on the subject, but this right must be acknowledged according to the principles of non-typical fundamental rights and the dignity of the human person. This right should be universally guaranteed by the Government in sufficient quantity and quality, regardless of the economic resources of individuals.

Marriage-based Migration and Human Rights Education: Where Does Canada Stand?

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noorfarah Merali
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Population Movement ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
International Reputation ◽  
Marriage Migrants ◽  
The Government ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Permanent Residents ◽  
Female Marriage

Immigration for marriage is one of the most prevalent forms of population movement from developing to developed nations, particularly for women (Ghosh, 2009). As an industrialized nation with an international reputation for embracing diversity and pluralism, Canada is a country where many individuals from the developing world aspire to establish their family lives. Approximately 30 percent of newcomers arriving in Canada annually are family members sponsored by Canadian citizens or permanent residents, with the majority of them being spouses from abroad (Citizenship and Immigration Canada, 2007). Since the foreign countries from which female marriage migrants have arrived often have different systems of governance and human rights records, the responsibility has been placed on the federal government to educate newcomers about their rights as migrants and their basic human rights (Global Commission on International Migration, 2005). Since Canada’s family sponsorship policy holds male sponsors of immigrant brides directly responsible for facilitating women’s integration and upholding their rights, the government has an equal obligation to educate sponsors about each party’s rights in the sponsorship relationship. This chapter describes the method and results of a content analysis of government issued information for sponsors and sponsored persons and its human rights coverage. It outlines implications for rights-based education targeting both newcomers and their hosts/sponsors in marriage-based immigration cases.

scholarly journals Aproximación a la regulación y contenido del derecho a una alimentación adecuada

2018 ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Goig Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
National Level ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Right To Food ◽  
The Public ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
The Right

La alimentación adecuada constituye un derecho humano. Así lo han reconocido oficialmente la gran mayoría de los Tratados Internacionales sobre derechos humanos. Pero existe una gran diferencia entre que un Estado reconozca oficialmente la alimentación como un derecho fundamental en su constitución, o lo haga como un principio rector, puesto que ello dotará al derecho a la alimentación adecuada de una mayor protección, o lo convertirá en un principio de actuación de los poderes públicos. Se puede exigir a los gobiernos garantizar el ejercicio efectivo del derecho a la alimentación de conformidad con las disposiciones constitucionales para otros derechos humanos. Pero, la capacidad de la invocación indirecta de otros derechos humanos para lograr la protección efectiva del derecho a la alimentación en el plano nacional dependerá, en definitiva, de la interpretación jurídica que se haga de la Constitución.Adequate food is a human right. Thus the vast majority of treaties have officially recognized it human rights. But there is a big difference between that a State officially recognizes food as a fundamental right in the Constitution, or do it as a guiding principle, since this will provide the right to adequate food of greater protection, or the It will become a principle of action of the public authorities. You may require Governments to ensuring the effective exercise of the right to food in accordance with the constitutional provisions for other human rights. But the indirect invocation of other human rights capacity to achieve effective protection of the right to food at the national level will depend, ultimately, of the legal interpretation that is made of the Constitution.

scholarly journals The Human Right to Democracy and the Pursuit of Global Justice

2020 ◽  
pp. 277-301
Author(s):  
Pablo Gilabert
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Global Justice ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Political Empowerment ◽  
Global Democracy

This chapter addresses two interconnected questions about human rights and the pursuit of global justice: Is there a human right to democracy? How does the achievement of human rights, including the human right to democracy, contribute to the pursuit of global justice? The chapter answers the first question in the affirmative. It identifies three reasons for favoring democracy and explores the significance of those reasons for defending it as a human right. It answers important worries that acknowledging a human right to democracy would lead to intolerance and lack of respect for peoples’ self-determination, exaggerate the importance of democracy for securing other rights, generalize institutional arrangements that only work in some contexts, and tie human rights to specific ideas of freedom and equality that do not have the same universal appeal and urgency. Regarding the second question, the chapter distinguishes between basic and non-basic global justice and argues that democracy is significant for both. It claims that the fulfillment of human rights constitutes basic global justice, explains how a human right to democracy has significance for the legitimacy of international besides domestic institutions, and shows how forms of global democracy and the exploration of cosmopolitan and humanist commitments underlying human rights may enable and motivate the pursuit of non-basic demands of global justice (such as those concerning socioeconomic equality). The key claim in the chapter is that the fulfillment of the human right to democratic political empowerment is crucial for the pursuit of global justice.

scholarly journals The Right of Self-Determination: Its Emergence, Development, and Controversy

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Munafrizal Manan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Right ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Self Determination

This paper discusses the right of self-determinationfrom  international  law  and international human rights law perspective. It traces the emergence and development of self-determination from political principle to human right. It also explores the controversy of the right of self-determination. There have been different and even contradictory interpretations of the right of self-determination. Besides, there is no consensus on the mechanism to apply the right of self-determination. Both international law and international human rights law are vague about this.

scholarly journals ISLAM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA: Penegakan dan Problem HAM di Indonesia

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masykuri Abdillah
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Religious Organizations ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Government

<p>Abstrak: Tulisan ini menjelaskan kompatibilitas Islam dan HAM serta upaya-upaya penegakan dan perlindungan HAM di Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara Muslim. Tulisan ini dengan demikian menolak anggapan sejumlah pengamat tentang ketidaksesuai- an atau pertentangan antara Islam dengan HAM, terutama karena sebagian besar negara-negara Muslim kini belum sepenuhnya melindungi dan menegakkan HAM. Sejak awal Islam telah mengakui perlindungan hak asasi manusia (HAM), yang kemudian dirumuskan oleh para ulama dengan konsepmaqâshid al-syarî‘ah (tujuan syari’ah). Sebagai salah satu negara Muslim, Indonesia di era Reformasi ini telah berkomitmen untuk melakukan perlindungan dan penegakan HAM sejalan dengan penerapan sistem demokrasi secara substantif. Hanya saja, kini masih ada sejumlah masalah atau kendala dalam perlindungan HAM ini, baik yang bersifat substantif, struktural maupun kultural. Pemerintah, DPR sertacivil society dan organisasi-organisasi keagamaan telah melakukan upaya-upaya untuk mengatasi persoalan dan kendala itu.</p><p><br />Abstract: Islam and Human Right: Its Application and Problems in Indonesia. This paper explains the compatibility of Islam and human rights as well as efforts to protect human rights in Indonesia as a Muslim country. This paper thus rejects the opinion of a number of observers about the incompatibility or conflict between Islam and human rights just because of the fact that the majority of Muslim countries does not fully protect and enforce human rights. Since the beginning, Islam has recognized the protection of human rights, which were then formulated by the ulama with the concept of maqâsid al-sharî‘ah (objectives of shari’ah). As a Muslim country, Indonesia in the Reform era has committed to the protection and enforcement of human rights in line with the implementation of substantive democracy. Yet there remain a number of problems or obstacles in the protection of human rights caused by several factors, be they substantive, structural or cultural. The government, parliament as well as civil society and religious organizations have conducted efforts to solve the problems and obstacles.</p><p><br />Kata Kunci: hak asasi manusia, Islam, tanggung jawab manusia, maqâsid al- sharî‘ah, kebebasan</p>

scholarly journals KEDUDUKAN ORGANISASI KEMASYARAKATAN ASING DI INDONESIA DI TINJAU DARI PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 59 TAHUN 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Elwidarifa Marwenny ◽  
Engrina Fauzi ◽  
Jelisye Putri Cenery
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Community Organizations ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Government

One of the form of applying the value of democratic in Indonesia is accommodate by the regulation of community organization which is concretely regulated in the provisions of article 28 E Paragraph 3 of the 1945 constitution also in the provisions of law number 39 of 1999 on Human Rights. The existence of community organizations does have a great constribution in the implementation of the state, but on the other hand the existence of people raises the pro and contra. The enecment of government regulation number 59 on community organization established by foreign citizens makes the community more worried if the exixtance of community organizations affect the sovereignty of NKRI because they have different ideology with Indonesia. Based on this, it should be discussed about the organizations in Indonesia. The position of foreign social organizatios in Indonesia is reviwed from the government regulation number 59 of 2016 on community organizations established by foreign citizens and the influence of basic organizations for the sovereignty of NKRI. To answer that question, qualitative method is used  as a means to answer the problem by conducting of normative juridical approach which is done by reviewing the law and the literature. Based on this study, it is concluded that the existence of foreign social organizatios in Indonesia in line with  democracy and human right but also politically can treaten NKRI.

scholarly journals Roles and capacity of duty bearers in the realization of the human right to adequate food in Uganda

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (48) ◽  
pp. 5493-5509
Author(s):  
PM Rukundo ◽  
◽  
JK Kikafunda ◽  
A Oshaug ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Nutrition Policy ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Right To Food ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Right

The right to adequate food recognised under international law provides a strong foundation for eradicating hunger and malnutrition in all nations. Uganda ratified the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in 1987 and thereby committed itself to ensure the realization of the right to adequate food recognised under Article 11 of the Covenant. This study analysed the roles and capacity of duty bearers in the realization of the right to adequate food in Uganda. Structured interviews were held with purposefully selected duty bearers from 11 districts in the country between February and July 2007. Districts were selected by criterion based sampling. Relevant policies, budgets, and legislation were also reviewed, particularly with state obligations on human rights, and capacity of duty bearers in mind. Although this right is expressly recognised in the Food and Nutrition Policy of 2003 in which a multi-sectoral approach is proposed, sector-specific roles are not explicitly defined in Uganda’s institutional and policy framework. Most duty bearer (63%) considered the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) as being responsible for the delays in implementing the relevant actions for the right to food. The Uganda Human Rights Commission (UHRC) reported receiving inadequate budget resources to support the right to food. Only 20% of duty bearers had knowledge of the General Comment 12, which is an important United Nations instrument that defines and elaborates on the human right to adequate food. Duty bearer’s knowledge of the right to food in the national Constitution had a significant (X2 = 0.003; P<0.05) positive correlation (R=0.283) with membership status to an ad hoc Uganda Food and Nutrition Council (UFNC). A proposed Food and Nutrition Bill had taken over 10 years without being presented to the National Parliament for the process of enactment into law. As such, most of the support for this right came from development partners. Whereas the ministry of health and MAAIF are line ministries in the implementation of food and nutrition policy, the right to food roles of the various duty bearers in Uganda need to be well defined. Capacity development is also needed, particularly related to integrating right to food sector-specific roles into the theoretical development and practical implementation of food and nutrition security programmes at all levels in the country.

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