scholarly journals The Influence of Resistance Training Experience on the Between-Day Reliability of Commonly Used Strength Measures in Male Youth Athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 2005-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon J.S. Weakley ◽  
Kevin Till ◽  
Joshua Darrall-Jones ◽  
Gregory A.B. Roe ◽  
Padraic J. Phibbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Youth Athletes

scholarly journals Modeling of Metabolic Equivalents (METs) during Moderate Resistance Training Exercises

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8773
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adeel ◽  
Chien-Hung Lai ◽  
Chun-Wei Wu ◽  
Jiunn-Horng Kang ◽  
Jian-Chiun Liou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Measure Data ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Resting Period

Energy expenditure through metabolic equivalent (MET) prediction during resistance exercises in humans can be modeled by using cardiorespiratory parameters. In this study, we aimed to predict MET during six moderate-intensity resistance training sessions consisting of three different exercises. Eleven participants were recruited into two groups; an untrained (n = 5; with no resistance training experience) and a trained group (n = 6; with 2 months resistance training experience). Each participant completed six training sessions separated with a rest interval of 1–2 days. While wearing a mask for indirect calorimetric measurements using Cortex Metalyzer 3B, each participant performed training sessions consisting of three types of dumbbell exercises: shoulder press, deadlift, and squat. The metabolic equivalents (METs), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), blood lactate (BL), and Borg rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. The MET was predicted using generalized estimating equations (GEE) for repeated measure data collected during exercise and rest periods. It was observed that during exercise period, RER, HR, SBP, and BL for the training group (QIC = 187, 95% CI = −0.012~0.915, p = 0.000*~0.033*) while RER, HR, SBP, DBP, and RPE (QIC = 48, 95% CI = −0.024~0.422, p = 0.000*~0.002*) during resting period for untrained group significantly predicted MET for moderate-intensity interval resistance training. It is concluded that the cardiorespiratory variables are significantly related to MET. During exercise, RER and HR significantly predicted MET for both groups along with additional parameters of SBP and BL for the training group. While during the resting period, RER, HR, SBP, DBP, and RPE related significantly for untrained and BL for training group respectively.

scholarly journals “Just One More Rep!” – Ability to Predict Proximity to Task Failure in Resistance Trained Persons

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cedrik Armes ◽  
Henry Standish-Hunt ◽  
Patroklos Androulakis-Korakakis ◽  
Nick Michalopoulos ◽  
Tsvetelina Georgieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Maximum Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Task Failure ◽  
Analytic Estimate ◽  
Maximum Effort ◽  
Single Repetition

In resistance training, the use of predicting proximity to momentary task failure (MF, i.e., maximum effort), and repetitions in reserve scales specifically, is a growing approach to monitoring and controlling effort. However, its validity is reliant upon accuracy in the ability to predict MF which may be affected by congruence of the perception of effort compared with the actual effort required. The present study examined participants with at least 1 year of resistance training experience predicting their proximity to MF in two different experiments using a deception design. Within each experiment participants performed four trials of knee extensions with single sets (i.e., bouts of repetitions) to their self-determined repetition maximum (sdRM; when they predicted they could not complete the next repetition if attempted and thus would reach MF if they did) and MF (i.e., where despite attempting to do so they could not complete the current repetition). For the first experiment (n = 14) participants used loads equal to 70% of a one repetition maximum (1RM; i.e., the heaviest load that could be lifted for a single repetition) performed in a separate baseline session. Aiming to minimize participants between day variability in repetition performances, in the second separate experiment (n = 24) they used loads equal to 70% of their daily isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Results suggested that participants typically under predicted the number of repetitions they could perform to MF with a meta-analytic estimate across experiments of 2.0 [95%CIs 0.0 to 4.0]. Participants with at least 1 year of resistance training experience are likely not adequately accurate at gauging effort in submaximal conditions. This suggests that perceptions of effort during resistance training task performance may not be congruent with the actual effort required. This has implications for controlling, programming, and manipulating the actual effort in resistance training and potentially on the magnitude of desired adaptations such as improvements in muscular hypertrophy and strength.

Injury characteristics in male youth athletics: a five-season prospective study in a full-time sports academy

2020 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-102373
Author(s):  
Daniel Martínez-Silván ◽  
Eirik Halvorsen Wik ◽  
Juan Manuel Alonso ◽  
Evan Jeanguyot ◽  
Benjamin Salcinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Stress Fractures ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Injury Characteristics ◽  
Bone Stress ◽  
Stress Injuries ◽  
Injury Burden

ObjectivesTo describe the injury characteristics of male youth athletes exposed to year-round athletics programmes.MethodsInjury surveillance data were prospectively collected by medical staff in a cohort of youth athletics athletes participating in a full-time sports academy from 2014–2015 to 2018–2019. Time-loss injuries (>1 day) were recorded following consensus procedures for athletics. Athletes were clustered into five event groups (sprints, jumps, endurance, throws and non-specialised) and the number of completed training and competition sessions (athletics exposures (AE)) were calculated for each athlete per completed season (one athlete season). Injury characteristics were reported overall and by event groups as injury incidence (injuries per 1000 AE) and injury burden (days lost per 1000 AE).ResultsOne-hundred and seventy-eight boys (14.9±1.8 years old) completed 391 athlete seasons, sustaining 290 injuries. The overall incidence was 4.0 injuries per 1000 AE and the overall burden was 79.1 days lost per 1000 AE. The thigh was the most common injury location (19%). Muscle strains (0.7 injuries per 1000 AE) and bone stress injuries (0.5 injuries per 1000 AE) presented the highest incidence and stress fractures the highest burden (17.6 days lost per 1000 AE). The most burdensome injury types by event group were: bone stress injuries for endurance, hamstring strains for sprints, stress fractures for jumps, lesion of meniscus/cartilage for throws and growth plate injuries for non-specialised athletes.ConclusionAcute muscle strains, stress fractures and bone stress injuries were identified as the main injury concerns in this cohort of young male athletics athletes. The injury characteristics differed between event groups.

scholarly journals The ‘Sling Shot’ increased the maximum number of repetitions in the barbell bench press in men with different resistance training experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Gustavo Pedrosa ◽  
Bruno Corrêa da Silva ◽  
Gisele Ferreira Barbosa ◽  
Marcos Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Marina Simôes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Training Experience

Analysis of the Effect of Competitive Trait Anxiety on Performance in Taekwondo Competition

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mel E. Finkenberg ◽  
James M. Dinucci ◽  
E. Donice McCune ◽  
Sandra L. McCune
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Normative Sample ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Test

This study examined the effect of competitive trait anxiety on performance in open- (sparring) and closed- (forms) skills in Taekwondo. 58 subjects responded to the Sports Competition Anxiety Test immediately prior to competition. Subjects were categorized into groups showing high, medium, and low competitive anxiety to assess whether differences on the variables of sparring and forms were significantly related with scores on competition anxiety, age, or gender after adjusting for the covariate of years of competition. Multivariate analysis of covariance showed no significant differences between subjects and the normative samples on competitive anxiety scores except for boys, whose scores were significantly higher than those of a normative sample of male youth athletes.

scholarly journals The Effect of 12 variations of the bench press exercise on the EMG activity of three heads of the pectoralis major

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Roy ◽  
Keven Arseneault ◽  
Pierre Sercia
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Shoulder Angle

This study compared the activation of the clavicular, sternocostal and abdominal heads of the pectoralis major (PM) and the long portion of the triceps brachii during the execution of the bench press with several inclinations, grip types, and grip widths. Thirteen healthy men with more than a year of resistance training experience participated in this study. The subjects performed 6 repetitions of various variations of the bench press at angles of -15°, 0° and 30° with grip width of 100% and 200% of their biacromial width in both pronation and supination with a load equivalent of their respective 12RM for each movement. EMG, bar acceleration and shoulder angle were recorded during each repetition. Activation of the clavicular head of the PM was, compared to a wide pronation at 0°, significantly higher at a close pronation at 0°and 30°; during a close supination at 30° and during a wide supination at 30°. Activation of the sternocostal head of the PM was, during a wide pronation at 0°, significantly higher than during a close supination at 0°, 30° and -15°; during a wide supination at 30; during a wide supination at 0° and 30° and at close pronation at 30° and -15°. Activation of the abdominal head of the PM was significantly better with wide pronation at -15° and 0° compared to all positions at 30°. Triceps brachii were better solicited during close pronation at 0° and -15° compared to supinated grip at 0° and 30°. Results from this study show that the bench press exercise performed with a wide pronation grip at 0° can maximize the activation of the three heads of the PM.

scholarly journals Transfer of Dry-Land Resistance Training Modalities to Swimming Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-203
Author(s):  
Jerzy Sadowski ◽  
Andrzej Mastalerz ◽  
Wilhelm Gromisz
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Training Modalities

Abstract A great number of studies focusing on the effects of dry-land resistance training interventions on swimming performance remain inconclusive. It is suggested that transferability of dry-land strength gains to swimming performance appear when dry-land resistance training programs are swim-specific. The main aim of this study was to compare the effects of specific dry-land resistance training on an ergometer with traditional dry-land exercises, and to determine how much of the resistance training effects were transferred to specific swimming conditions. The study included a group of 26 youth competitive male swimmers (age 15.7 ± 0.5 years, height 174.6 ± 6.6 cm, weight 68.4 ± 8.2 kg, training experience 5.8±0.7 years) of regional level. They were randomly allocated to one of two groups: experimental (E) and control (T). Both groups were involved in a 12-week dry-land resistance training concentrated on increasing muscular strength and power output of the upper limbs. Group E used a specialized ergometer (JBA – Zbigniew Staniak), while group T performed traditional resistance exercises. The program consisted of 10 sets of 30 s of exercise with 30 s rest intervals between each set. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey HSD post hoc comparisons was used to determine if any significant differences existed between training groups across pretest and posttest conditions. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. Dry-land resistance training modalities were the only differences in training between both groups. Our findings show that rates of transfer are much higher in group E than in group T, which resulted in a significant increase in swimming velocity (by 4.32%, p<0.001; ES=1.23, and 2.78%, p<0.003, ES=0.31, respectively).

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