Batch Type 24-h Distribution Ratio for Contaminant Adsorption by Soil Materials

Summary14 patients (5 diabetics with arteriosclerotic complications, 4 patients with thrombo-embolic disease, 4 with cirrhosis, coagulation defects and increased fibrinolytic activity, and 1 cancer patient) and 3 control patients were subjected to turnover studies with 13iodine labelled human fibrinogen.Half-life times in the control patients were found to be 4 days, the fractional turnover rates 19–23 per cent, of intravascular fibrinogen per day, and the absolute turnover 0.02 to 0.06 gm per day per kg. body weight. The other patient’s half-life times and turnover rates varied considerably from 0.9–5.5 days, 13–160 per cent, per day of intravascular fibrinogen and 0.02–0.4 gm per day per kg. body weight respectively.As fibrinogen unlike other proteins subjected to turnover studies, is converted to fibrin, it is not possible to measure the true intra-extravascular distribution ratio of fibrinogen. But intravascular fibrinogen could be approximated to constitute 68–99 per cent, of the total fibrinogen. There is justification in believing that fibrinogen is degradated through a continuous coagulation in equilibrium with fibrinolysis, and that the organism contains a greater mass of fibrin, the “fibrin pool”. Considerations of the turnover mechanism can however only be hypothetical.

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Production of Tagatose from Galactose in a Batch-type Reactor Using a Phosphate Buffer under Subcritical Water Conditions

Food Science and Technology Research ◽

10.3136/fstr.26.695 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 695-699

Author(s):

Shuji Adachi ◽

Yayoi Miyagawa ◽

Takashi Kobayashi

Keyword(s):

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Subcritical Water ◽

Type Reactor ◽

Batch Type ◽

Water Conditions

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Adjustable wetting of Liquid Flame Spray (LFS) TiO2-nanoparticle coated board: Batch-type versus roll-to-roll stimulation methods

Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal ◽

10.3183/npprj-2014-29-02-p271-279 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 271-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mikko Tuominen ◽

Hannu Teisala ◽

Janne Haapanen ◽

Mikko Aromaa ◽

Jyrki M. Mäkelä ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Argon Plasma ◽

Ultra Violet ◽

High Volume ◽

Point Of View ◽

Flame Spray ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Batch Type ◽

Roll To Roll ◽

Long Time ◽

Liquid Flame Spray

Abstract Superhydrophobic nanoparticle coating was created on the surface of board using liquid flame spray (LFS). The LFS coating was carried out continuously in ambient conditions without any additional hydrophobization steps. The contact angle of water (CAW) of ZrO2, Al2O3 and TiO2 coating was adjusted reversibly from >150° down to ~10−20° using different stimulation methods. From industrial point of view, the controlled surface wetting has been in focus for a long time because it defines the liquid-solid contact area, and furthermore can enhance the mechanical and chemical bonding on the interface between the liquid and the solid. The used stimulation methods included batch-type methods: artificial daylight illumination and heat treatment and roll-to-roll methods: corona, argon plasma, IR (infra red)- and UV (ultra violet)-treatments. On the contrary to batch-type methods, the adjustment and switching of wetting was done only in seconds or fraction of seconds using roll-to-roll stimulation methods. This is significant in the converting processes of board since they are usually continuous, high volume operations. In addition, the creation of microfluidic patterns on the surface of TiO2 coated board using simple photomasking and surface stimulation was demonstrated. This provides new advantages and possibilities, especially in the field of intelligent printing. Limited durability and poor repellency against low surface tension liquids are presently the main limitations of LFS coatings.

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Vein Image Segmentation Based on Distribution Ratio of Directional Fields

ACTA AUTOMATICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1004.2009.01496 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 35 (12) ◽

pp. 1496-1502 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wen-Xiong KANG ◽

Fei-Qi DENG

Keyword(s):

Image Segmentation ◽

Distribution Ratio

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Process evaluation of HASP with IMET system through SNR and SDNR for the efficient management of Sewage Treatment Plant

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2008.024 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Young H. Yoon ◽

Jae R. Park ◽

Sang W. Ahn ◽

Kwang B. Ko ◽

Kyung J. Min ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Sludge ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Reaction Rates ◽

Nitrification Rate ◽

Activated Sludge Process ◽

Type Experiment ◽

Batch Type ◽

Nitrification And Denitrification

Hybrid Activated Sludge Process (HASP) with IMET was developed and applied to an activated sludge process for the advanced nutrient treatment in Korea. The characteristics of nitrogen removal from the HASP were investigated through a kinetic study by batch-type experiment. Online DB analysis produced from the IMET was conducted for the nutrient removal performance in the field demonstration plant treating 10,000 m3/day in G city of Korea. In this paper, we aimed to determine the effect of increasing NHM4+-N load on the specific nitrification rate (SNR) and the specific denitrification rate (SDNR) through a batch-type experiment, and to estimate the net reaction time for the phase-transfer rate using online DB analysis in the HASP operation. Experimental results include: (1) both the nitrification and denitrification followed first-order kinetics; (2) the maximum SNR and SDNR were 4.0301 mgN/gVSS·hr and 2.785 mgN/gVSS·hr, respectively; (3) comparison of reaction rates between nitrification and denitrification from the non-linear regression analysis found that nitrification rate was higher than denitrification.

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Extraction of iron, cobalt, nickel and copper with dibenzyl sulfoxide solution in toluene

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19792024 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 44 (7) ◽

pp. 2024-2031 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

František Vláčil ◽

Huynh Dang Khanh

Keyword(s):

Nitric Acid ◽

Hydrochloric Acid ◽

Distribution Ratio ◽

Separation Factor ◽

Chromatographic Separation ◽

The Other ◽

Iron Cobalt ◽

Cobalt Nickel ◽

Factor Α

The dependence of the distribution ratio of the metal on the concentration of hydrochloric of nitric acid was examined for Fe, Co, Ni and Cu extraction with 0.05M solution of dibenzylsulfoxide in toluene. Iron is extracted considerably more than the other metals, and is better extracted from hydrochloric acid than from nitric acid. The separation factor αFe/M (for 8M-HCl) is of the order of 104; this is not sufficient for a separation of trace quantities of iron from Co, Ni and Cu, but even at lower concentrations of HCl (e.g., 5M) the values is high enough for extraction chromatographic separation. The composition of the iron solvate extracted from HCl or LiCl medium was determined to be HFeCl4.2 B (B = dibenzyl sulfoxide).

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Retention of the Antibiotic Cefuroxime onto Agricultural and Forest Soils

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11104663 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 4663

Author(s):

Raquel Cela-Dablanca ◽

Carolina Nebot ◽

Lucia Rodríguez López ◽

David Ferández-Calviño ◽

Manuel Arias-Estévez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Soils ◽

Linear Models ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Matter Content ◽

Batch Type ◽

Exchangeable Ca ◽

Influence Of Ph ◽

Best Fit ◽

Soil Colloids

Antibiotics in wastewater, sewage sludge, manures, and slurries constitute a risk for the environment when spread on soils. This work studies the adsorption and desorption of the antibiotic cefuroxime (CFX) in 23 agricultural and forest soils, using batch-type experiments. Our results show that the adsorption values were between 40.75 and 99.57% in the agricultural soils, while the range was lower (from 74.57 to 93.46%) in forest soils. Among the Freundlich, Langmuir, and Linear models, the Freundlich equation shows the best fit for the adsorption results. In addition, agricultural soils with higher pH are the ones that present the highest adsorption. Further confirmation of the influence of pH on adsorption is given by the fact that Freundlich’s KF parameter and the Linear model Kd parameter shows a positive correlation with pH and with the exchangeable Ca and Mg values, which are known to affect the charges of the soil colloids and the formation of cationic bridges between adsorbents and adsorbate. In addition, Freundlich’s n parameter shows a positive and significant correlation with the organic matter content, related to the high adsorption taking place on forest soils despite their pH < 5. Regarding desorption, in most cases, it is lower than 1%, which indicates that CFX is adsorbed in a rather irreversible way onto these soils. Overall, these results can be considered relevant regarding their potential impact on environmental quality and public health.

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Improving Blowout Performance of the Conical Swirler Combustor by Employing Two Parts of Fuel at Low Operating Condition

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14061681 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 1681

Author(s):

Yixiang Yuan ◽

Qinghua Zeng ◽

Jun Yao ◽

Yongjun Zhang ◽

Mengmeng Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Distribution Ratio ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Experimental Testing ◽

Stability Boundary ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Nox Emission ◽

Combustion Stability ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Contact Ratio ◽

Fuel Distribution

Aiming at the problem of the narrow combustion stability boundary, a conical swirler was designed and constructed based on the concept of fuel distribution. The blowout performance was studied at specified low operating conditions by a combination of experimental testing and numerical simulations. Research results indicate that the technique of the fuel distribution can enhance the combustion stability and widen the boundary of flameout within the range of testing conditions. The increase of the fuel distribution ratio improves the combustion stability but leads to an increase in NOx emission simultaneously. The simulation results show the increase of the fuel distribution ratio causes contact ratio increase in the area of lower reference velocity and gas temperature increase. The increased contact ratio and temperature contribute to the blowout performance enhancement, which is identical to the analysis result of the Damkohler number. The reported work in this paper has potential application value for the development of an industrial burner and combustor with high stability and low NOx emission, especially when the combustion system is required to be stable and efficient at low working conditions.

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